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Morlet E, Costemale-Lacoste JF, Poulet E, McMahon K, Hoertel N, Limosin F, Alezrah C, Amado I, Amar G, Andréi O, Arbault D, Archambault G, Aurifeuille G, Barrière S, Béra-Potelle C, Blumenstock Y, Bardou H, Bareil-Guérin M, Barrau P, Barrouillet C, Baup E, Bazin N, Beaufils B, Ben Ayed J, Benoit M, Benyacoub K, Bichet T, Blanadet F, Blanc O, Blanc-Comiti J, Boussiron D, Bouysse AM, Brochard A, Brochart O, Bucheron B, Cabot M, Camus V, Chabannes JM, Charlot V, Charpeaud T, Clad-Mor C, Combes C, Comisu M, Cordier B, Costi F, Courcelles JP, Creixell M, Cuche H, Cuervo-Lombard C, Dammak A, Da Rin D, Denis JB, Denizot H, Deperthuis A, Diers E, Dirami S, Donneau D, Dreano P, Dubertret C, Duprat E, Duthoit D, Fernandez C, Fonfrede P, Freitas N, Gasnier P, Gauillard J, Getten F, Gierski F, Godart F, Gourevitch R, Grassin Delyle A, Gremion J, Gres H, Griner V, Guerin-Langlois C, Guggiari C, Guillin O, Hadaoui H, Haffen E, Hanon C, Haouzir S, Hazif-Thomas C, Heron A, Hubsch B, Jalenques I, Januel D, Kaladjian A, Karnycheff JF, Kebir O, Krebs MO, Lajugie C, Leboyer M, Legrand P, Lejoyeux M, Lemaire V, Leroy E, Levy-Chavagnat D, Leydier A, Liling C, Llorca PM, Loeffel P, Louville P, Lucas Navarro S, Mages N, Mahi M, Maillet O, Manetti A, Martelli C, Martin P, Masson M, Maurs-Ferrer I, Mauvieux J, Mazmanian S, Mechin E, Mekaoui L, Meniai M, Metton A, Mihoubi A, Miron M, Mora G, Niro Adès V, Nubukpo P, Omnes C, Papin S, Paris P, Passerieux C, Pellerin J, Perlbarg J, Perron S, Petit A, Petitjean F, Portefaix C, Pringuey D, Radtchenko A, Rahiou H, Raucher-Chéné D, Rauzy A, Reinheimer L, Renard M, René M, Rengade CE, Reynaud P, Robin D, Rodrigues C, Rollet A, Rondepierre F, Rousselot B, Rubingher S, Saba G, Salvarelli JP, Samuelian JC, Scemama-Ammar C, Schurhoff F, Schuster JP, Sechter D, Segalas B, Seguret T, Seigneurie AS, Semmak A, Slama F, Taisne S, Taleb M, Terra JL, Thefenne D, Tran E, Tourtauchaux R, Vacheron MN, Vandel P, Vanhoucke V, Venet E, Verdoux H, Viala A, Vidon G, Vitre M, Vurpas JL, Wagermez C, Walter M, Yon L, Zendjidjian X. Psychiatric and physical outcomes of long-term use of lithium in older adults with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: A cross-sectional multicenter study. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:210-217. [PMID: 31446382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although lithium is widely used in current practice to treat bipolar disorder (BD) and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) among older adults, little is known about its efficacy and tolerability in this population, which is generally excluded from randomized clinical trials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of long-term use of lithium among older adults with BD and MDD. METHOD Data from the Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia and mood disorders Aged 55 years or more (CSA) were used. Two groups of patients with BD and MDD were compared: those who were currently receiving lithium versus those who were not. The effects of lithium on psychiatric (i.e., depressive symptoms severity, perceived clinical severity, rates of psychiatric admissions in the past-year), geriatric (overall and cognitive functioning) and physical outcomes (i.e., rates of non-psychiatric medical comorbidities and general hospital admissions in the past-year) were evaluated. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, duration of disorder, diagnosis, smoking status, alcohol use, and use of antipsychotics, antiepileptics or antidepressants. RESULTS Among the 281 older participants with BD or MDD, 15.7% were taking lithium for a mean duration of 12.5(SD = 11.6) years. Lithium use was associated with lower intensity of depressive symptoms, reduced perceived clinical global severity and lower benzodiazepine use (all p < 0.05), without being linked to greater rates of medical comorbidities, except for hypothyroidism. LIMITATIONS Data were cross-sectional and data on lifetime history of psychotropic medications was not assessed. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that long-term lithium use may be efficient and relatively well-tolerated in older adults with BD or treatment-resistant MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Morlet
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | - Jean-François Costemale-Lacoste
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMRS 1178, CESP, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
| | - Emmanuel Poulet
- INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PSY-R2 Team, Lyon F-69000, France
| | - Kibby McMahon
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, 2213 Elba Street, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, 4 Parvis Corentin Celton, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; INSERM UMR 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Birgand G, Hayatgheib N, Bémer P, Guilloteau V, Legeay C, Perron S, Chapelet G, Corvec S, Bourigault C, Batard E, Lepelletier D. Multi-drug-resistant Enterobacteriacae carriage in highly exposed nursing homes: prevalence in western France. J Hosp Infect 2017; 97:258-259. [PMID: 28774743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Birgand
- Regional Centre for Infection Prevention and Control, Region of Pays de la Loire, France; Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - N Hayatgheib
- University of Nantes, MiHAR Lab, UFR Medicine, Nantes, France; ONIRIS National Veterinary School (Man-imal One Health Master 2 degree), Nantes, France
| | - P Bémer
- University of Nantes, MiHAR Lab, UFR Medicine, Nantes, France; Bacteriology and Infection Control Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - V Guilloteau
- Infection Control Unit, Chalonnes Hospital Centre, Chalonnes, France
| | - C Legeay
- Infection Control Unit, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - S Perron
- Infection Control Unit, Saumur Hospital Centre, Saumur, France
| | - G Chapelet
- University of Nantes, MiHAR Lab, UFR Medicine, Nantes, France; Gerontologic Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - S Corvec
- Bacteriology and Infection Control Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - C Bourigault
- University of Nantes, MiHAR Lab, UFR Medicine, Nantes, France; Bacteriology and Infection Control Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - E Batard
- University of Nantes, MiHAR Lab, UFR Medicine, Nantes, France; Emergency Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - D Lepelletier
- University of Nantes, MiHAR Lab, UFR Medicine, Nantes, France; ONIRIS National Veterinary School (Man-imal One Health Master 2 degree), Nantes, France; Bacteriology and Infection Control Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France.
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McDonnell LA, Turek M, Coutinho T, Nerenberg K, de Margerie M, Perron S, Reid RD, Pipe AL. Women's Heart Health: Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices of Canadian Physicians. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2017; 27:72-82. [PMID: 28605313 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2016.6240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women. To date, the majority of knowledge regarding heart disease is based on research conducted in men. As a result, a male-oriented model of heart disease constitutes the basis for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for both sexes. This article reports findings from the first survey of Canadian physicians to examine their knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding heart disease in women. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional survey, adapted from an instrument used in the United States, was undertaken in the spring of 2015. A sample of 504 physicians from a randomly selected sample of online responses was produced. RESULTS Overall, physician responses demonstrate a general lack of awareness regarding the prevalence and approaches to the identification of, and treatments for, heart disease in women. In addition, physicians did not provide high ratings of their own effectiveness in supporting female patients to prevent or manage heart disease. The barriers that physicians face and the strategies to support them in improving women's heart health were explored. CONCLUSIONS There is a clear need to educate physicians about heart disease in women and its prevention and management. More female-specific research, prevention, and clinical programs will enhance our ability to significantly improve cardiovascular health in Canadian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A McDonnell
- 1 Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michele Turek
- 2 Division of Cardiology, The Ottawa Hospital , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Thais Coutinho
- 1 Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada .,3 Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kara Nerenberg
- 4 Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada
| | - Michele de Margerie
- 1 Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sue Perron
- 1 Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Robert D Reid
- 1 Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada .,3 Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Andrew L Pipe
- 1 Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada .,3 Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa, Canada
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Westcott C, Younger-Lewis D, Elias N, Perron S, Martin N, Ives S, Pipe A, Reid R, McDonnell L. EFFECTS OF A GLOBAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REDUCTION PROGRAM ON PATIENTS WITH PREVIOUSLY UNIDENTIFIED DYSGLYCEMIA. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Martin N, Reid R, Younger-Lewis D, Westcott C, Elias N, Perron S, Ives S, Pipe A, McDonnell L. Identification and Management of Women at Risk for Heart Disease: Results From the CardioPrevent® Program. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Younger-Lewis D, McDonnell L, Westcott C, Elias N, Perron S, Martin N, Ives S, Pipe A, Reid R, Nerenberg K. Effect of an Intervention to Improve the Cardiovascular Health of Postpartum Women With a History of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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McDonnell LA, Pipe AL, Westcott C, Perron S, Younger-Lewis D, Elias N, Nooyen J, Reid RD. Perceived vs actual knowledge and risk of heart disease in women: findings from a Canadian survey on heart health awareness, attitudes, and lifestyle. Can J Cardiol 2014; 30:827-34. [PMID: 24970793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in men and women. Our understanding of heart disease stems chiefly from clinical trials on men, but key features of the disease differ in women. This article reports findings from the first Canadian national survey of women that focuses on knowledge, perceptions, and lifestyle related to heart health. METHODS A cross-country survey using an adaptation of an instrument used in the United States was undertaken in spring of 2013. Based on online (208) and telephone (1446) responses from a randomly selected sample of women aged 25 or older, a total sample of 1654 weighted percentage estimates were produced. The overall response rate was 12.5%. RESULTS Just under half of women were able to name smoking as a risk factor of heart disease, and less than one quarter named hypertension or high cholesterol. Fewer than half of women knew the major symptoms of heart disease. Most women prefer to receive information on heart health from their doctor, but only slightly more than half report that their doctor includes discussion of prevention and lifestyle during clinical consultations. CONCLUSIONS Most women lack knowledge of heart disease symptoms and risk factors, and significant proportions are unaware of their own risk status. The findings underscore the opportunity for patient education and intervention regarding risk and prevention of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A McDonnell
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Andrew L Pipe
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney Westcott
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sue Perron
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah Younger-Lewis
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadine Elias
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Nooyen
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert D Reid
- Division of Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Burrows S, Perron S. Policy analysis and evaluation of effectiveness of a suicide prevention initiative in Montreal. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590n.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Prieux-Lucas K, Touati S, Lemdani M, Perron S, Serapicos D, Mathis C, Laporte C, Perna S, Plouvier E, Thuillier F, Forceville X. P118 La supplémentation protéique et calorique du petit déjeuner améliore-t-elle l’état nutritionnel des patients hospitalisés ? NUTR CLIN METAB 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(11)70185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Littger R, Alke A, Tewes B, Gropp F, Asai T, Watanabe K, Kuromi K, Kurohane K, Ogino K, Taki T, Tsukada H, Nakayama J, Oku N, Babai I, Matyas G, Baranji L, Milosevits J, Alving CR, Bendas G, Rothe U, Scherphof GL, Kamps JAAM, Kessner S, Rothe U, Bendas G, Carafa M, Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Cacciatore I, Mosciatti B, Santucci E, Choice E, Harvie P, Galbraith T, Zunder E, Dutzar B, Anklesaria P, Paul R, Cocquyt J, De Cuyper M, Van der Meeren P, Cruz MEM, Gaspar MM, Silva MT, Dathe M, Nikolenko H, Wessolowski A, Schmieder P, Beyermann M, Bienert M, Santos ND, Cox KA, Allen C, Gallagher RC, Ickenstein L, Mayer LD, Bally MB, Fischer S, Margalit R, Freisleben HJ, Garidel P, Chen HC, Moore D, Mendelsohn R, Garidel P, Keller M, Hildebrand A, Blume A, Girão da Cruz MT, Simões S, Pedroso de Lima MC, Graser A, Nahde T, Fahr A, Müller R, Müller-Brüsselbach S, Harvie P, Dutzar B, Choice E, Cudmore S, O'Mahony D, Anklesaria P, Paul R, Hoving S, van Tiel ST, Seynhaeve ALB, Ambagtsheer G, Eggermont AMM, ten Hagen TLM, Høyrup P, Jensen SS, Jørgensen K, Iden D, Kuang H, Mullen P, Jacobs C, Roben P, Stevens T, Lollo C, Ishida T, Maeda R, Masuda K, Ichihara M, Kiwada H, Jung K, Reszka R, Kaiser N, Ohloff I, Linser-Haar S, Massing U, Schubert R, Kan P, Tsao CW, Chen WK, Wang AJ, Kimpfler A, Gerber C, Wieschollek A, Bruchelt G, Schubert R, Kobayashi T, Okada Y, Ishida T, Sone S, Harashima H, Maruyama K, Kiwada H, Kondo M, Lee CM, Tanaka T, Su W, Kitagawa T, Ito T, Matsuda H, Murai T, Miyasaka M, Junji K, Kondo M, Asai T, Ogino K, Taki T, Tsukada H, Baba K, Oku N, Koning GA, Wauben MHM, ten Hagen TLM, Vestweber D, Everts M, Kok RJ, Schraa AJ, Molema G, Schiffelers RM, Storm G, Kristl J, Šentjurc M, Abramović Z, Landry S, Perron S, Bestman-Smith J, Désormeaux A, Tremblay MJ, Bergeron MG, Madeira C, Loura LMS, Fedorov A, Prieto M, Aires-Barros MR, Marques CM, Simões SI, Cruz ME, Cevc G, Martins MB, Moreira JN, Gaspar R, Allen TM, Esposito C, Ortaggi G, Bianco A, Bonadies F, Malizia D, Napolitano R, Cametti C, Mossa G, Endert G, Essler F, Lutz S, Panzner S, Pastorino F, Brignole C, Pagnan G, Moase EH, Allen TM, Ponzoni M, Pavelic Z, Škalko-Basnet N, Jalšenjak I, Penacho N, Simões S, Pedroso de Lima MC, Pisano C, Bucci F, Serafini S, Martinelli R, Cupelli A, Marconi A, Ferrara FF, Santaniello M, Critelli L, Tinti O, Luisi P, Carminati P, Santaniello M, Bucci F, Tinti O, Pisano C, Critelli L, Galletti B, Luisi P, Carminati P, Sauer I, Nikolenko H, Dathe M, Schleef M, Voß C, Schmidt T, Flaschel E, König S, Wenger T, Dumond J, Bogetto N, Reboud-Ravaux M, Schramm HJ, Schramm W, Sheynis T, Rozner S, Kolusheva S, Satchell D, Jelnik R, Shigeta Y, Imanaka H, Ando H, Makino T, Kurohane K, Oku N, Baba N, Shimizu K, Asai T, Takada M, Baba K, Namba Y, Oku N, Simberg D, Danino D, Talmon Y, Minsky A, Ferrari ME, Wheeler CJ, Barenholz Y, Takada M, Shimizu K, Kuromi K, Asai T, Baba K, Oku N, Takeuchi Y, Kurohane K, North JR, Namba Y, Nango M, Oku N, Tewes B, Köchling T, Deissler M, Kühl C, Marx U, Strote G, Gropp F, Qualls MM, Kim JM, Thompson DH, Zhang ZY, Shum P, Collier JH, Hu BH, Ruberti JW, Messersmith PB, Thompson DH, Tsuruda T, Nakade A, Sadzuka Y, Hirota S, Sonobe T, Vorauer-Uhl K, Wagner A, Katinger H, Wagner A, Vorauer-Uhl K, Katinger H, Weeke-Klimp AH, Bartsch M, Meijer DKF, Scherphof GL, Kamps JAAM, Zeisig R, Walther W, Reß A, Fichtner I, Zschörnig O, Schiller J, Süß M, Bergmeier C, Arnold K, Nchinda G, Überla K, Zschörnig O. Poster Abstracts. J Liposome Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1081/lpr-120017490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lepelletier D, Perron S, Huguenin H, Picard M, Bemer P, Caillon J, Juvin ME, Drugeon H. Quelles stratégies découlent de la surveillance des bactéries multirésistantes aux antibiotiques afin de mieux maîtriser leur diffusion ? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 51:464-8. [PMID: 14568591 DOI: 10.1016/s0369-8114(03)00150-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Should we screen for colonization to control the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria? A multidrug-resistant bacteria surveillance program was performed in 1999 at Laënnec Hospital (Nantes, France). After a 3-year period, the results permit us to determine the strategy to strengthen their spread. In 2001, Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin represented 45% of the 202 multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated. The global incidence rate per 100 admissions remained stable between 1999 and 2001 (0.42%), but those of infections acquired in our institution decreased significantly from 0.27% in 1999 to 0.18% in 2001 (P < 0.05), particularly in medical care units (P < 0.04). In spite of this surveillance program and hygiene trainings, the global incidence remained stable during the study period, even if our action contributed to decrease the incidence of S. aureus resistant to methicillin acquired in our institution. Isolation precautions and screening for colonization policy in intensive care units are not sufficient to control the spread of MRB at hospital level. They should be strengthened by procedures for the transfer of infected or colonized patients and by antibiotic use control.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lepelletier
- Laboratoire de bactériologie, virologie, hygiène hospitalière, hôpital G&R-Laënnec, CHU de Nantes, boulevard J.-Monod, Saint-Herblain, 44093 Nantes cedex 1, France.
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Piret J, Gagné N, Perron S, Désormeaux A, Tremblay MJ, Gourde P, Omar RF, Bergeron AM. Thermoreversible gel as a candidate barrier to prevent the transmission of HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2. Sex Transm Dis 2001; 28:484-91. [PMID: 11473223 DOI: 10.1097/00007435-200108000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) caused by HIV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), and other pathogens are spreading dramatically. The need to develop active products and vehicles to reduce this epidemic is urgent. GOAL The efficacy of a thermoreversible gel formulation as a possible barrier to prevent the transmission of pathogens causing STDs was evaluated. STUDY DESIGN This evaluation investigated the ability of the gel formulation to prevent infection of susceptible cells by HIV-1 and HSV-2 in vitro, the diffusion of radiolabeled herpes virus and micelles of polymer through an insertion membrane, and the electron microscopic appearance of herpes virus and gel alone or mixed together. RESULTS The gel formulation prevents infection of susceptible cells by HIV-1 and HSV-2. It acts as an effective artificial physical barrier against the herpes virus within the first 4 hours of incubation. Herpes virus is coated by the gel or entrapped within micelles of the gel, which could hinder its attachment to target cells and inhibit its infectivity. CONCLUSION This thermoreversible gel formulation represents an attractive matrix for the incorporation of microbicides to prevent the spread of STDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Piret
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Abstract
This study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that endogenous neurotensin plays a role in the initiation of sensitization to the locomotor activating effect of amphetamine. During an initial training phase, different groups of male rats were injected on four occasions (every second day: Days 1, 3, 5 and 7) with one of three doses (40, 80 or 160 microg/kg, ip) of the neurotensin antagonist, SR-48692, or its vehicle, followed 30 min later by amphetamine (1.5 mg/kg, ip), or saline. Ambulatory, non-ambulatory, and vertical movements were measured for 2 h in photocell cages immediately following the second injection. One week after the training phase, sensitivity to amphetamine (0.75 mg/kg, ip) was tested in all the rats (sensitization test). The results show that SR-48692, when given alone, produced levels of locomotor activity that were not statistically different from control. At the low dose, it potentiated amphetamine-induced ambulatory and non-ambulatory movements, an effect observed on Day 7 but not on Day 1. On the day of the sensitization test, rats pre-exposed to amphetamine alone displayed stronger ambulatory and non-ambulatory movements than vehicle pre-exposed rats, a sensitization effect that was attenuated and prevented by SR-48692 at 80 and 160 microg/kg, respectively. The present results demonstrate that activation of neurotensin receptors by endogenous neurotensin is required for the initiation of amphetamine sensitization. They provide additional evidence that an increase in central neurotensinergic neurotransmission may lead to a lasting increased sensitivity to psychostimulant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rompré
- Centre de Recherche Fernand-Seguin, Département de Psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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14
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Denis A, Agouridas C, Auger JM, Benedetti Y, Bonnefoy A, Bretin F, Chantot JF, Dussarat A, Fromentin C, D'Ambrières SG, Lachaud S, Laurin P, Le Martret O, Loyau V, Tessot N, Pejac JM, Perron S. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of HMR 3647 a new ketolide highly potent against erythromycin-resistant and susceptible pathogens. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:3075-80. [PMID: 10560728 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00534-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the search for new ketolides with improved activities against erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae we synthesized a new 11,12 carbamate ketolide substituted by an imidazo-pyridyl side chain: HMR 3647. This compound demonstrated a potent activity against erythromycin susceptible and resistant pathogens, including penicillin G/erythromycin A-resistant S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. In vivo, HMR 3647 displayed good pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax = 2.9 microg/ml, bioavailability=49%, AUC0.8 = 17.2 microg.h/l, t1/2=1h) and was shown to have a high therapeutic efficacy in mice infected by various respiratory pathogens, including multi-resistant S. pneumoniae and Gram negative bacteria such as H. influenzae. HMR 3647 appears to be a very promising agent for the treatment of respiratory infections and is currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Denis
- Medicinal Chemistry, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Romainville, France.
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15
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Aouad-Massière O, Capone C, Perron S, Tarret C, Belmin J. [Explanation: experience of a memory consultation in a geriatric hospital]. Soins Gerontol 1999:28-31. [PMID: 10745918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Aouad-Massière
- Service de médecine interne gériatrique, Hôpital René Muret-Bigottini, Sevran
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16
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Dusserre N, Lessard C, Paquette N, Perron S, Poulin L, Tremblay M, Beauchamp D, Désormeaux A, Bergeron MG. Encapsulation of foscarnet in liposomes modifies drug intracellular accumulation, in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity, tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics. AIDS 1995; 9:833-41. [PMID: 7576316 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199508000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve the in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity, intracellular accumulation in macrophages and in vivo pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of foscarnet (trisodium phosphonoformate; PFA) by encapsulation in liposomes. METHODS The accumulation of free and liposome-encapsulated PFA was determined in monocyte-macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and human premonocytoid U937 cells. The antiviral activity was evaluated in U937 cells infected with HIV-1IIIB. Tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics of free and liposomal PFA were determined in female Sprague-Dawley rats following the administration of an intravenous bolus dose (10 mg PFA/kg). RESULTS The entrapment of PFA in liposomes resulted in a higher drug accumulation in both U937 and RAW 264.7 cells. A slightly greater efficacy against HIV-1IIIB replication into U937 cells was observed upon encapsulation of PFA into liposomes. Improved pharmacokinetics was observed upon entrapment of PFA in liposomes. Much higher drug levels were found in plasma for the liposomal formulation. The systemic clearance of the liposomal drug was 77 times lower than that of free drug. The encapsulation of PFA in liposomes greatly enhanced the drug accumulation in organs of the reticuloendothelial system. CONCLUSION The encapsulation of PFA in liposomes modified the tissue distribution and plasma pharmacokinetics of the antiviral agent, resulting in a marked improvement of drug accumulation in organs involved in HIV immunopathogenesis and in a greater PFA bioavailability. The antiviral activity of liposomal PFA was slightly greater than that of free drug in HIV-1IIIB-infected U937 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dusserre
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de I'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
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17
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Abstract
The role of ACTH, forskolin and 8Br-cAMP on the regulation of mRNA abundance, protein levels and enzymatic activity of cytochrome P450 21-hydroxylase (P450c21, CYP21) were investigated in guinea pig adrenal cell cultures. In untreated cells, 21-hydroxylase activity was diminished throughout a 48 h period of incubation. Although incubation with forskolin and 8Br-cAMP restored 21-hydroxylase activity to normal levels, the addition of ACTH did not prevent the decrease of 21-hydroxylase activity. Treatment of cells with RU486 for 24 h inhibited 21-hydroxylase activity by 93%; however, after removal of the drug a slight increase of enzyme activity was observed; this rise was enhanced by the addition of ACTH. Forskolin and 8Br-cAMP increased the levels of 21-hydroxylase activity to the same range as seen in untreated cells. In cells that were not pretreated with RU486, incubation with cycloheximide for 1 h had no effect on 21-hydroxylase activity and could not prevent the modest increase of 21-hydroxylase activity induced by forskolin or 8Br-cAMP after 48 h of incubation. In RU486-treated cells, cycloheximide blocks the stimulation of enzyme activity induced by ACTH, forskolin and 8Br-cAMP. Our findings indicate that 21-hydroxylase activity can be stimulated by ACTH, forskolin or 8Br-cAMP solely in the presence of reduced enzymatic activity. Western immunoblot analysis of P450c21 protein levels in untreated or RU486-treated adrenal cells indicate that P450c21 protein levels were in the same range and further incubation with ACTH caused a similar elevation of P450c21 protein levels in both the untreated and RU486-treated cells. Northern blot analysis on RNA isolated from adrenal cells showed that RU486 did not alter the basal steady state levels of P450c21 mRNA. As well, incubation with ACTH or 8Br-cAMP increased the levels of P450c21 transcript to the same extent in both untreated and RU486-treated cells. These results taken together provide additional evidence for the presence of an adrenal specific protein factor(s) modulating 21-hydroxylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vallée
- MRC Group in Molecular Endocrinology, CHUL Research Center, Quebec, Canada
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18
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Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of steroids on guinea pig and bovine adrenal steroidogenesis, especially 21-hydroxylase activity. Analysis of guinea pig adrenal steroids indicated the presence of high concentrations of androstenedione in the guinea pig adrenal; furthermore, in vitro studies using guinea pig adrenal cortex cells in primary culture confirmed that androstenedione is one of the major C19 steroids produced and secreted. The direct action of steroids on steroid production by adrenal cells was investigated. Our data indicate that steroids themselves increase C19 steroid synthesis and inhibit glucocorticoid production by guinea pig adrenal cells without affecting gene expression for steroidogenic enzymes. Incubation of a series of C19 steroids, namely, androstenedione, with guinea pig adrenal cell cultures demonstrated that the decrease in 21-hydroxylase activity is largely independent of the androgenic activity of C19 steroids. RU38486, a synthetic C18 steroid possessing a 4-ene-3-ketosteroid with an aryl group at position 11 and a very low affinity for the androgen receptor, also irreversibly altered 21-hydroxylase activity. An effect of RU38486 on 21-hydroxylase activity was also demonstrated in bovine adrenal cells. Further studies with bovine adrenal cells showed that the decrease in 21-hydroxylase activity induced by RU38486 was accompanied by a small but significant inhibition of P450c21 protein levels at both basal and ACTH-stimulated levels. In summary, our data indicate that alteration of 21-hydroxylase activity by steroids is likely due to a direct action on P540c21 protein, and the levels of androstenedione in the adrenal are high enough to inhibit 21-hydroxylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bélanger
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, CHUL Research Center, Québec, Canada
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19
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Désormeaux A, Harvie P, Perron S, Makabi-Panzu B, Beauchamp D, Tremblay M, Poulin L, Bergeron MG. Antiviral efficacy, intracellular uptake and pharmacokinetics of free and liposome-encapsulated 2',3'-dideoxyinosine. AIDS 1994; 8:1545-53. [PMID: 7848591 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199411000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of liposome encapsulation on the in vitro antiviral efficacy, intracellular uptake and in vivo pharmacokinetics of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddl). METHODS The accumulation of free and liposome-encapsulated ddl was determined in murine monocyte-macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and human premonocytoid U937 cells. The antiviral efficacy was evaluated in U937 cells infected with HIVIIIB. Tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics of free and liposomal ddl were determined in female Sprague-Dawley rats following the administration of a single intravenous bolus dose (3 mg ddl/kg). RESULTS The entrapment of ddl in liposomes results in a lower drug accumulation in both U937 and RAW 264.7 cells. A lower antiviral efficacy against HIVIIIB replication in U937 cells was observed on encapsulation of ddl in liposomes. Improved pharmacokinetics were observed on entrapment of ddl in liposomes. Higher drug levels were found in plasma for the liposomal formulation. The systemic clearance of the liposomal drug was 120 times lower than that of free drug. Liposome encapsulation of ddl greatly enhanced the drug accumulation in organs of the reticuloendothelial system. CONCLUSION The encapsulation of ddl in liposomes modified the tissue distribution and plasma pharmacokinetics of the antiviral agent resulting in a marked improvement of drug biodisponibility. The antiviral efficacy of liposomal ddl was lower than that of free drug in HIVIIIB-infected U937 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Désormeaux
- Laboratoire et Service d'Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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20
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Makabi-Panzu B, Lessard C, Perron S, Désormeaux A, Tremblay M, Poulin L, Beauchamp D, Bergeron MG. Comparison of cellular accumulation, tissue distribution, and anti-HIV activity of free and liposomal 2',3'-dideoxycytidine. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994; 10:1463-70. [PMID: 7888201 DOI: 10.1089/aid.1994.10.1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the cellular accumulation, tissue distribution, and antihuman immunodeficiency virus activity of free dideoxycytidine (ddC) and liposomal ddC (L-ddC). We have found that L-ddC was more efficiently taken up than its free form by RAW 264.7 cells (a monocyte-macrophage cell line) (p < 0.01) while a comparable uptake was seen in U937 cells (a promonocytic cell line). In the rat, L-ddC accumulated preferentially in liver and spleen when injected intravenously (p < 0.01), and mostly in spleen when given intraperitoneally (p < 0.01). In contrast, free ddC was rapidly eliminated out of the body. Liposomal ddC showed a similar anti-HIV activity in comparison with free ddC in U937 cells. Given the fact that encapsulation of ddC in liposomes does not affect its anti-HIV activity but enhances its in vitro cellular accumulation and its in vivo distribution in reticuloendothelial system (RES) tissues, we conclude that ddC in liposomal formulation is a promising anti-HIV agent with a targeted action on the RES, which is considered a reservoir for dissemination of virus to other cells, tissues, and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Makabi-Panzu
- Laboratoire et Service d'Infectiologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
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21
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Perron S, Bélanger A. Effects of 4-MA, a potent inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase, on 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4-isomerase activity in guinea pig adrenals. Steroids 1994; 59:371-6. [PMID: 7940615 DOI: 10.1016/0039-128x(94)90004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Previous reports have shown that 17 beta-N,N-Diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-aza- 5 alpha-androstan-3-one (4-MA), a synthetic inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase, exerts an inhibitory effect on 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4-isomerase (3 beta-HSD) activity. To characterize further the effects of 4-MA on steroidogenesis, guinea pig fasciculata-glomerulosa cells in primary culture were treated for 24 h with 4-MA. Our data indicate that 4-MA reduced 3 beta-HSD activity in cultured adrenal cells but had no effect on the activities of 11-hydroxylase, 21-hydroxylase, 17-hydroxylase, and 17,20-lyase. Be decreasing the conversion of pregnenolone into progesterone or 17-hydroxypregnenolone into 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 4-MA caused the steroidogenic pathway to shift toward the production of dehydroepiandrosterone. Despite the presence of 4-MA, androstenedione and 11 beta-hydroxyandrostenedione were produced at levels exceeding the control levels. In the presence of ACTH and 4-MA, cortisol production was inhibited by 90% whereas androstenedione and 11 beta-hydroxyandrostenedione were reduced by only 40%. The effect of the compound was reversed by washing the adrenal cells with medium, thus suggesting a direct action of 4-MA on the enzyme itself. In summary, our data indicate that 4-MA markedly reduces the production of cortisol in the adrenals and partially alters the formation of C-19 steroids. It is important to consider this finding in the use of 4-azasteroids in the treatment of prostate cancer, which was previously found to be sensitive to secretion of adrenal C-19 steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Perron
- CHUL Research Center, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada
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22
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Beauchamp D, Thériault G, Grenier L, Gourde P, Perron S, Bergeron Y, Fontaine L, Bergeron MG. Ceftriaxone protects against tobramycin nephrotoxicity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38:750-6. [PMID: 8031041 PMCID: PMC284537 DOI: 10.1128/aac.38.4.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of ceftriaxone on tobramycin-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated during 4 and 10 days with saline (NaCl, 0.9%), ceftriaxone at a dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight/12 h subcutaneously, tobramycin at doses of 40 and 60 mg/kg/12 h intraperitoneally, or the combination ceftriaxone-tobramycin. Creatinine levels in serum were significantly higher in animals treated with tobramycin alone given at 60 mg/kg/12 h during 10 days, compared with control animals (P < 0.01) or animals receiving the combination tobramycin-ceftriaxone (P < 0.01). After 10 days of treatment, ceftriaxone did not accumulate in renal tissue but did reduce the renal intracortical accumulation of tobramycin (P < 0.05). Tobramycin given alone at either 40 or 60 mg/kg/12 h induced a significant inhibition of sphingomyelinase activity compared with control animals (P < 0.05). However, this enzyme activity was significantly less inhibited when tobramycin was injected in combination with ceftriaxone (P < 0.05). Ceftriaxone alone had no effect on the activity of this enzyme. The [3H]thymidine incorporation into the DNA of renal cortex was also significantly lower in animals treated with tobramycin-ceftriaxone compared with animals receiving tobramycin alone (P < 0.05). The 24-h urinary excretion of beta-galactosidase was significantly reduced in animals treated with the combination tobramycin-ceftriaxone compared with the administration of tobramycin alone at 40 and 60 mg/kg/12 h after 5 and 10 days (P < 0.05). Histologically, ceftriazone induced very few cellular alterations and reduced considerably the presence of typical signs of tobramycin nephrotoxicity. This investigation demonstrated that ceftriaxone protects animals against tobramycin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Beauchamp
- Laboratoire et Service d'Infectiologie, Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada
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23
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Abstract
The capacity of blood group antibodies to agglutinate red cells suspended in saline is largely dependent on the antibody isotype. The immunological cross-linking of IgG antibodies has previously been described as a means to increase the reactivity of IgG in many situations. We have prepared anti-D-containing complexes by blending a human IgG anti-D monoclonal antibody (mAb) and a murine anti-human IgG mAb. In standard red cell serology assays, the anti-D complexes exhibited a very high avidity and could agglutinate weak D-positive red cells in direct saline testing. These results indicate that potent saline hem-agglutinating reagents of RhD and eventually of other blood group specificities can be prepared from IgG mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lemieux
- Canadian Red Cross, Blood Services, Québec city centre
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