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Tajitsu Y, Shimda S, Nonomura T, Yanagimoto H, Nakamura S, Ueshima R, Kawanobe M, Nakiri T, Takarada J, Takeuchi O, Nisho R, Takeshita K, Takahashi M, Sugiyama K. Application of Braided Piezoelectric Poly-l-Lactic Acid Cord Sensor to Sleep Bruxism Detection System with Less Physical or Mental Stress. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 15:86. [PMID: 38258205 PMCID: PMC10819301 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
For many years, we have been developing flexible sensors made of braided piezoelectric poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) fibers that can be tied and untied for practical applications in society. To ensure good quality of sleep, the occurrence of bruxism has been attracting attention in recent years. Currently, there is a need for a system that can easily and accurately measure the frequency of bruxism at home. Therefore, taking advantage of the braided piezoelectric PLLA cord sensor's unique characteristic of being sewable, we aimed to provide a system that can measure the frequency of bruxism using the braided piezoelectric PLLA cord sensor simply sewn onto a bed sheet on which the subject lies down. After many tests using trial and error, the sheet sensor was completed with zigzag stitching. Twenty subjects slept overnight in a hospital room on sheets integrated with a braided piezoelectric PLLA cord. Polysomnography (PSG) was simultaneously performed on these subjects. The results showed that their bruxism could be detected with an accuracy of more than 95% compared with PSG measurements, which can only be performed in a hospital by a physician and are more burdensome for the subjects, with the subjects simply lying on the bed sheet with a braided piezoelectric PLLA cord sensor sewn into it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Tajitsu
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.N.); (R.U.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Saki Shimda
- Nishikawa Co., Ltd., Chuo, Tokyo 103-0006, Japan; (S.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Takuto Nonomura
- Nishikawa Co., Ltd., Chuo, Tokyo 103-0006, Japan; (S.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Hiroki Yanagimoto
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.N.); (R.U.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Shun Nakamura
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.N.); (R.U.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Ryoma Ueshima
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.N.); (R.U.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Miyu Kawanobe
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.N.); (R.U.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Takuo Nakiri
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.N.); (R.U.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Jun Takarada
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.N.); (R.U.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Faculty of Foreign Language Studies, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan;
| | - Rei Nisho
- Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd., Kita, Osaka 530-8605, Japan; (R.N.); (K.T.)
| | - Koji Takeshita
- Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd., Kita, Osaka 530-8605, Japan; (R.N.); (K.T.)
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Tajitsu Y, Takarada J, Hikichi T, Sugii R, Takatani K, Yanagimoto H, Nakanishi R, Shiomi S, Kitamoto D, Nakiri T, Takeuchi O, Deguchi M, Muto T, Kuroki K, Amano W, Misumi A, Takahashi M, Sugiyama K, Tanabe A, Kamohara S, Nisho R, Takeshita K. Application of Piezoelectric PLLA Braided Cord as Wearable Sensor to Realize Monitoring System for Indoor Dogs with Less Physical or Mental Stress. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:143. [PMID: 36677204 PMCID: PMC9865504 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We attempted to realize a prototype system that monitors the living condition of indoor dogs without physical or mental burden by using a piezoelectric poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) braided cord as a wearable sensor. First, to achieve flexibility and durability of the piezoelectric PLLA braided cord used as a sensor for indoor dogs, the process of manufacturing the piezoelectric PLLA fiber for the piezoelectric braided cord was studied in detail and improved to achieve the required performance. Piezoelectric PLLA braided cords were fabricated from the developed PLLA fibers, and the finite element method was used to realize an e-textile that can effectively function as a monitoring sensor. As a result, we realized an e-textile that feels similar to a high-grade textile and senses the complex movements of indoor dogs without the use of a complex computer system. Finally, a prototype system was constructed and applied to an actual indoor dog to demonstrate the usefulness of the e-textile as a sensor for indoor dog monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Tajitsu
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Jun Takarada
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Tokiya Hikichi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Ryoji Sugii
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Kohei Takatani
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yanagimoto
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Riku Nakanishi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Seita Shiomi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Daiki Kitamoto
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Takuo Nakiri
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 5640-8680, Japan
| | - Miki Deguchi
- Tokyo IoT Technology Department, 5G & IoT Engineering Division, Softbank Co., Kaigan, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan
| | - Takanori Muto
- Tokyo IoT Technology Department, 5G & IoT Engineering Division, Softbank Co., Kaigan, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Kuroki
- Tokyo IoT Technology Department, 5G & IoT Engineering Division, Softbank Co., Kaigan, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan
| | - Wataru Amano
- Tokyo IoT Technology Department, 5G & IoT Engineering Division, Softbank Co., Kaigan, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan
| | - Ayaka Misumi
- Tokyo IoT Technology Department, 5G & IoT Engineering Division, Softbank Co., Kaigan, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan
| | | | | | - Akira Tanabe
- Renesas Electronics Co., Ltd., Toyosu, Tokyo 135-0061, Japan
| | - Shiro Kamohara
- Renesas Electronics Co., Ltd., Toyosu, Tokyo 135-0061, Japan
| | - Rei Nisho
- Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd., Kita, Osaka 530-8605, Japan
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Tajitsu Y, Takarada J, Takatani K, Nakanishi R, Yanagimoto H, Shiomi S, Nakagawa I, Kawahara I, Nakiri T, Shimda S, Shimura Y, Nonomura T, Kojima K, Ikeguch A, Okayama K, Sakai T, Morioka Y, Takahashi M, Sugiyama K, Nisho R, Takeshita K. A Prototype Sensor System Using Fabricated Piezoelectric Braided Cord for Work-Environment Measurement during Work from Home. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:966. [PMID: 34442588 PMCID: PMC8400097 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We proposed a new prototype sensor system to understand the workload of employees during telework. The goal of sensing using such a system is to index the degree of stress experienced by employees during work and recognize how to improve their work environment. Currently, to realize this, image processing technology with a Web camera is generally used for vital sign sensing. However, it creates a sense of discomfort at work because of a strong sense of surveillance. To truly evaluate a working environment, it is necessary that an employee be unaware of the sensor system and for the system to be as unobtrusive as possible. To overcome these practical barriers, we have developed a new removable piezoelectric sensor incorporated in a piezoelectric poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) braided cord. This cord is soft and flexible, and it does not cause any discomfort when attached to the cushion cover sheet. Thus, it was possible to measure the workload of an employee working from home without the employee being aware of the presence of a sensor. Additionally, we developed a system for storing data in a cloud system. We succeeded in acquiring continuous long-term data on the vital signs of employees during telework using this system. The analysis of the data revealed a strong correlation between behavior and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Tajitsu
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Jun Takarada
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Kohei Takatani
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Riku Nakanishi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Hiroki Yanagimoto
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Seita Shiomi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Isamu Nakagawa
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Ikuo Kawahara
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Takuo Nakiri
- Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita Osaka 564-8680, Japan; (J.T.); (K.T.); (R.N.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (I.N.); (I.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Saki Shimda
- Nishikawa Co., Ltd., Chuo, Tokyo 103-0006, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (K.K.)
| | - Yoji Shimura
- Nishikawa Co., Ltd., Chuo, Tokyo 103-0006, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (K.K.)
| | - Takuto Nonomura
- Nishikawa Co., Ltd., Chuo, Tokyo 103-0006, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (K.K.)
| | - Kazunori Kojima
- Nishikawa Co., Ltd., Chuo, Tokyo 103-0006, Japan; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (K.K.)
| | - Atsuhisa Ikeguch
- SoftBank Corp., Information Technology Division, Minato, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan; (A.I.); (K.O.); (T.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kazuhiro Okayama
- SoftBank Corp., Information Technology Division, Minato, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan; (A.I.); (K.O.); (T.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tomohiro Sakai
- SoftBank Corp., Information Technology Division, Minato, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan; (A.I.); (K.O.); (T.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuichi Morioka
- SoftBank Corp., Information Technology Division, Minato, Tokyo 105-7529, Japan; (A.I.); (K.O.); (T.S.); (Y.M.)
| | | | | | - Rei Nisho
- Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd., Kita, Osaka 530-8605, Japan; (R.N.); (K.T.)
| | - Koji Takeshita
- Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd., Kita, Osaka 530-8605, Japan; (R.N.); (K.T.)
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