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Asavei T, Bobeica M, Nastasa V, Manda G, Naftanaila F, Bratu O, Mischianu D, Cernaianu MO, Ghenuche P, Savu D, Stutman D, Tanaka KA, Radu M, Doria D, Vasos PR. Laser-driven radiation: Biomarkers for molecular imaging of high dose-rate effects. Med Phys 2019; 46:e726-e734. [PMID: 31357243 PMCID: PMC6899889 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently developed short‐pulsed laser sources garner high dose‐rate beams such as energetic ions and electrons, x rays, and gamma rays. The biological effects of laser‐generated ion beams observed in recent studies are different from those triggered by radiation generated using classical accelerators or sources, and this difference can be used to develop new strategies for cancer radiotherapy. High‐power lasers can now deliver particles in doses of up to several Gy within nanoseconds. The fast interaction of laser‐generated particles with cells alters cell viability via distinct molecular pathways compared to traditional, prolonged radiation exposure. The emerging consensus of recent literature is that the differences are due to the timescales on which reactive molecules are generated and persist, in various forms. Suitable molecular markers have to be adopted to monitor radiation effects, addressing relevant endogenous molecules that are accessible for investigation by noninvasive procedures and enable translation to clinical imaging. High sensitivity has to be attained for imaging molecular biomarkers in cells and in vivo to follow radiation‐induced functional changes. Signal‐enhanced MRI biomarkers enriched with stable magnetic nuclear isotopes can be used to monitor radiation effects, as demonstrated recently by the use of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) for biomolecular observations in vivo. In this context, nanoparticles can also be used as radiation enhancers or biomarker carriers. The radiobiology‐relevant features of high dose‐rate secondary radiation generated using high‐power lasers and the importance of noninvasive biomarkers for real‐time monitoring the biological effects of radiation early on during radiation pulse sequences are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodor Asavei
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Mariana Bobeica
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Viorel Nastasa
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Gina Manda
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - Florin Naftanaila
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Dr Carol Davila Central Mil University Emergency Hospital, 88th Mircea Vulcanescu Str, Bucharest, Romania.,Amethyst Radiotherapy Clinic, Dr Odaii 42, Otopeni, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Bratu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Dr Carol Davila Central Mil University Emergency Hospital, 88th Mircea Vulcanescu Str, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Mischianu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Dr Carol Davila Central Mil University Emergency Hospital, 88th Mircea Vulcanescu Str, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihail O Cernaianu
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Petru Ghenuche
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Diana Savu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Dan Stutman
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, USA
| | - Kazuo A Tanaka
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihai Radu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Domenico Doria
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Vasos
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.,Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 36-46 B-dul M. Kogalniceanu, RO-050107, Bucharest, Romania
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Bobeica M, Aogaki S, Asavei T, Cernaianu MO, Ghenuche P, Stutman D. Dose calculations in a cell monolayer for high-throughput irradiation with proton beams generated by PW lasers for space applications. Life Sci Space Res (Amst) 2018; 19:68-75. [PMID: 30482285 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the specific properties of laser-driven radiation is a broadband energy spectrum, which is also a feature of the space radiation fields. This property can be used in materials science studies or radiobiology experiments to simulate the energy spectrum of space radiation exposures in a ground-based laboratory. However, the differences in effects between the higher dose rates of laser generated radiation and the lower dose rates of space radiation have to be investigated in separate, prior studies. A design for a high-throughput irradiation experiment and the associated Monte Carlo dose calculations for a broadband energy proton beam depositing energy in a cell monolayer is presented. Dose control and dose uniformity in the cell monolayer was achieved in the simulations using a variable thickness Ni attenuator. A set of target doses from 0.2 Gy to 4 Gy was obtained and dose uniformity was optimized to less than 4% variability. This work opens the possibility of single or multiple exposures, controllable, high-throughput irradiation experiments on biological samples or materials, using broadband energy particle beams generated by lasers, with relevance for space applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bobeica
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.
| | - Sohichiroh Aogaki
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Theodor Asavei
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihail O Cernaianu
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Petru Ghenuche
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - Dan Stutman
- "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania; Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Takanashi T, Nakamura K, Kukk E, Motomura K, Fukuzawa H, Nagaya K, Wada SI, Kumagai Y, Iablonskyi D, Ito Y, Sakakibara Y, You D, Nishiyama T, Asa K, Sato Y, Umemoto T, Kariyazono K, Ochiai K, Kanno M, Yamazaki K, Kooser K, Nicolas C, Miron C, Asavei T, Neagu L, Schöffler M, Kastirke G, Liu XJ, Rudenko A, Owada S, Katayama T, Togashi T, Tono K, Yabashi M, Kono H, Ueda K. Ultrafast Coulomb explosion of a diiodomethane molecule induced by an X-ray free-electron laser pulse. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:19707-19721. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01669g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Coulomb explosion mechanism of a CH2I2 molecule is rather different to that of CH3I. The kinetic energy of iodine ions is ∼3 times larger due to Coulomb repulsion of the two iodine ions, while that of carbon ions is almost the same for both, as indicated by the red arrows that represent kinetic energies of the atomic ions.
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Loke VLY, Asavei T, Stilgoe AB, Nieminen TA, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H. Driving corrugated donut rotors with Laguerre-Gauss beams. Opt Express 2014; 22:19692-19706. [PMID: 25321053 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.019692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tightly-focused laser beams that carry angular momentum have been used to trap and rotate microrotors. In particular, a Laguerre-Gauss mode laser beam can be used to transfer its orbital angular momentum to drive microrotors. We increase the torque efficiency by a factor of about 2 by designing the rotor such that its geometry is compatible with the driving beam, when driving the rotation with the optimum beam, rather than beams of higher or lower orbital angular momentum. Based on Floquet's theorem, the order of discrete rotational symmetry of the rotor can be made to couple with the azimuthal mode of the Laguerre-Gauss beam. We design corrugated donut rotors, that have a flat disc-like profile, with the help of the discrete dipole approximation and the T-matrix methods in parallel with experimental demonstrations of stable trapping and torque measurement. We produce and test such a rotor using two-photon photopolymerization. With a rotor that has 8-fold discrete rotational symmetry, an outer radius of 1.85 μm and a hollow core radius of 0.5 μm, we were able to transfer approximately 0.3 h̄ per photon of the orbital angular momentum from an LG04 beam.
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Liu Q, Asavei T, Lee T, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H, He S, Smalyukh II. Measurement of viscosity of lyotropic liquid crystals by means of rotating laser-trapped microparticles. Opt Express 2011; 19:25134-25143. [PMID: 22273904 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.025134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe a simple microrheology method to measure the viscosity coefficients of lyotropic liquid crystals. This approach is based on the use of a rotating laser-trapped optically anisotropic microsphere. In aligned liquid crystals that have negligible effect on trapping beam's polarization, the optical torque is transferred from circularly polarized laser trapping beam to the optically anisotropic microparticle and creates the shear flow in the liquid crystalline fluid. The balance of optical and viscous torques yields the local effective viscosity coefficients of the studied lyotropic systems in cholesteric and lamellar phases. This simple yet powerful method is capable of probing viscosity of complex anisotropic fluids for small amounts of sample and even in the presence of defects that obstruct the use of conventional rheology techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkun Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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Dol GC, Tsuda K, Weener JW, Bartels MJ, Asavei T, Gensch T, Hofkens J, Latterini L, Schenning APHJ, Meijer BW, De Schryver FC. Merging of Hard Spheres by Phototriggered Micromanipulation K.T. thanks the Mitsubishi Paper Mills Co. T.G., J.H., and L.L. thank the European Commission for a TMR fellowship within the frame of the Marie Curie program, the FWO, and the Flemish Ministry of Education, respectively. J.W.W. and A.S. acknowledge grants from the EU (BICEPS project) and the Royal Dutch Foundation of Science, respectively. This work was further supported by DWTC (Belgium), and ESF through SMARTON. An unrestricted research grant from DSM Research is highly appreciated. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001; 40:1710-1714. [PMID: 11353488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg C. Dol
- The Department of Chemistry Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee (Belgium)
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