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Franchi A, Guinet T, Zribi M, Malicier D, Maujean G. [Unworn diagnosis of myocardial infarction: revelatory autopsies]. Rev Prat 2016; 66:627-630. [PMID: 27538318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Abstract
In cases of falls, the key issue for forensic scientists is to determine the manner of death. They must distinguish between accidental falls, suicidal falls, falls including blows and falls caused by a blow. Several strategies have been proposed in the literature to help explain injury patterns. Here, we report an original case of a man who died after jumping from a car moving at high speed. A mathematical and modeling approach was developed to reconstruct the trajectory of the body in order to understand the injury pattern and apparent discrepancy between the high speed of the car from which the victim jumped and the topography of the bone fractures, which were limited to the skull. To define the initial values of the model's parameters, a technical vehicle evaluation and several test jumps at low speed were carried out. We studied in greater detail the trajectory of three characteristic points corresponding to the dummy's center of gravity, head and right foot. Calculations were made with and without the air friction effect to show its influence. Finally, we were successful in modeling the initial trajectory of the body and the variation of its head energy over time, which were consistent with the injuries observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Maujean
- Département de Médecine légale, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Institut de Médecine Légale, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
| | - Tiphaine Guinet
- Département de Médecine légale, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel Malicier
- Département de Médecine légale, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Institut de Médecine Légale, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Guinet T, Gaulier JM, Moesch C, Bagur J, Malicier D, Maujean G. Sudden death following accidental ingestion of a button battery by a 17-month-old child: a case study. Int J Legal Med 2016; 130:1291-7. [PMID: 26886106 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-016-1329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cases of ingesting button batteries by children are not common clinical situations in forensic medicine. Although it can be a cause of death when associated with digestive perforations, no cases of sudden death have been reported in the literature. We report the case of a 17-month-old girl who presented at home with haematemesis, followed by failed cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The child had been treated on two occasions for nasopharyngitis, 14 and 18 days prior to her death. The post-mortem scan revealed a radio-opaque foreign body in the oesophagus. The autopsy revealed the presence of a round button battery, 20 mm in diameter, blocking the lumen of the oesophagus in its upper third, associated with two parietal oesophageal ruptures opposite each other. There was limited digestive haemorrhage, but above all significant bronchial inhalation of blood. Toxicology analyses showed slightly increased blood levels of the heavy metals of which the battery was composed (lithium, chromium, manganese and molybdenum). The anatomopathological analyses confirmed the recent nature of these ruptures. Ingestions of button batteries localised at the level of the oesophagus are the cases linking to the highest risk of complications, particularly for batteries with a diameter of more than 20 mm and in children under the age of 4. The main difficulty in such clinical situations is identifying when the ingestion occurred, as more often than not, no witnesses are present. We discuss the advantages of anatomopathology and toxicology examinations targeted towards heavy metals in these forensic situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Guinet
- Institut de Médecine Légale, Département de Médecine Légale, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de Lyon, 12 Avenue Rockefeller, Lyon, France.
- Unité médico-judiciaire, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de Lyon, Place d'Arsonval, 69003, Lyon, France.
| | - J M Gaulier
- Service de Pharmacologie, Toxicologie et Pharmacovigilance, Hôpital Dupuytren, Limoges, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle de Toxicologie, Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - C Moesch
- Service de Pharmacologie, Toxicologie et Pharmacovigilance, Hôpital Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - J Bagur
- Unité médico-judiciaire, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de Lyon, Place d'Arsonval, 69003, Lyon, France
| | - D Malicier
- Institut de Médecine Légale, Département de Médecine Légale, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de Lyon, 12 Avenue Rockefeller, Lyon, France
- Unité médico-judiciaire, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de Lyon, Place d'Arsonval, 69003, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Pierre Bénite, 69310, France
| | - G Maujean
- Institut de Médecine Légale, Département de Médecine Légale, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de Lyon, 12 Avenue Rockefeller, Lyon, France
- Unité médico-judiciaire, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices civils de Lyon, Place d'Arsonval, 69003, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Pierre Bénite, 69310, France
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Maujean G, Guinet T, Malicier D. A Death Involving a Fired and Deflected Bullet: A Case Report from Lyon University Institute of Forensic Science, France. J Forensic Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Maujean
- Institut Universitaire de Médecine Légale; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Université de Lyon; 12 avenue Rockefeller F-69008 Lyon France
- Urgences médico-judiciaires; Hôpital Edouard Herriot; Hospices Civils de Lyon; d'Arsonval F-69003 Lyon France
| | - Tiphaine Guinet
- Institut Universitaire de Médecine Légale; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Université de Lyon; 12 avenue Rockefeller F-69008 Lyon France
- Urgences médico-judiciaires; Hôpital Edouard Herriot; Hospices Civils de Lyon; d'Arsonval F-69003 Lyon France
| | - Daniel Malicier
- Institut Universitaire de Médecine Légale; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Université de Lyon; 12 avenue Rockefeller F-69008 Lyon France
- Urgences médico-judiciaires; Hôpital Edouard Herriot; Hospices Civils de Lyon; d'Arsonval F-69003 Lyon France
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Maujean G, Guinet T, Fanton L, Malicier D. The interest of postmortem bacteriology in putrefied bodies. J Forensic Sci 2013; 58:1069-70. [PMID: 23551205 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A 27-year-old man was found dead in an advanced decomposition stage at home. On external examination, his body showed petechial hemorrhages of the skin. At autopsy, petechial hemorrhages of the epicardium were found, but no sign of meningitis was detected. Toxicological investigations remained negative. Bacteriological conventional analyses showed no significant result. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B was finally isolated on cerebrospinal fluid by a specific real-time polymerase chain reaction. To our knowledge, there are no available data about the postmortem diagnosis of an infectious cause of death in a decomposed corpse. In such situations, the polymicrobial overgrowth usually hampers the interpretation of bacteriological conventional methods and questions their diagnostic value. Such molecular bacteriological approaches appear to constitute an important diagnostic tool for forensic scientists and should be widely processed in case of suspected infectious death or sudden death whatever the postmortem interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Maujean
- Institut Universitaire de Médecine Légale, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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