1
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Knöller JA, Sönmez B, Matulaitis T, Gupta AK, Zysman-Colman E, Laschat S. A novel B,O,N-doped mesogen with narrowband MR-TADF emission. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4459-4462. [PMID: 38563754 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00537f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Modification of an unsymmetric B,O,N-doped aromatic core with peripheral mesogenic units triggers self-assembly into a columnar hexagonal mesophase, which is stable between 22 and 144 °C. The columnar assembly is preserved in a glassy state below 22 °C. The B,O,N-doped mesogen displays narrowband sky-blue multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) under diluted conditions and bright excimer emission in condensed phase. Our combined experimental and theoretical approach provides insight into the development of strongly aggregating liquid crystalline MR-TADF emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius A Knöller
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Burcu Sönmez
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Abhishek Kumar Gupta
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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2
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Weerasinghe RW, Madayanad Suresh S, Hall D, Matulaitis T, Slawin AMZ, Warriner S, Lee YT, Chan CY, Tsuchiya Y, Zysman-Colman E, Adachi C. A Boron, Nitrogen, and Oxygen Doped π-Extended Helical Pure Blue Multiresonant Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitter for Organic Light Emitting Diodes That Shows Fast k RISC Without the Use of Heavy Atoms. Adv Mater 2024:e2402289. [PMID: 38581139 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Narrowband emissive multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters are a promising solution to achieve the current industry-targeted color standard, Rec. BT.2020-2, for blue color without using optical filters, aiming for high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, their long triplet lifetimes, largely affected by their slow reverse intersystem crossing rates, adversely affect device stability. In this study, a helical MR-TADF emitter (f-DOABNA) is designed and synthesized. Owing to its π-delocalized structure, f-DOABNA possesses a small singlet-triplet gap, ΔEST, and displays simultaneously an exceptionally faster reverse intersystem crossing rate constant, kRISC, of up to 2 × 106 s-1 and a very high photoluminescence quantum yield, ΦPL, of over 90% in both solution and doped films. The OLED with f-DOABNA as the emitter achieved a narrow deep-blue emission at 445 nm (full width at half-maximum of 24 nm) associated with Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.150, 0.041), and showed a high maximum external quantum efficiency, EQEmax, of ≈20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangani Wathsala Weerasinghe
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Stuart Warriner
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Yi-Ting Lee
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chin-Yiu Chan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 000-000, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 000-000, China
| | - Youichi Tsuchiya
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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3
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Suresh SM, Zhang L, Matulaitis T, Hall D, Si C, Ricci G, Slawin AMZ, Warriner S, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Samuel IDW, Zysman-Colman E. Judicious Heteroatom Doping Produces High-Performance Deep-Blue/Near-UV Multiresonant Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence OLEDs. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2300997. [PMID: 37140188 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Two multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters are presented and it is shown how further borylation of a deep-blue MR-TADF emitter, DIDOBNA-N, both blueshifts and narrows the emission producing a new near-UV MR-TADF emitter, MesB-DIDOBNA-N, are shown. DIDOBNA-N emits bright blue light (ΦPL = 444 nm, FWHM = 64 nm, ΦPL = 81%, τd = 23 ms, 1.5 wt% in TSPO1). The deep-blue organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based on this twisted MR-TADF compound shows a very high maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax ) of 15.3% for a device with CIEy of 0.073. The fused planar MR-TADF emitter, MesB-DIDOBNA-N shows efficient and narrowband near-UV emission (λPL = 402 nm, FWHM = 19 nm, ΦPL = 74.7%, τd = 133 ms, 1.5 wt% in TSPO1). The best OLED with MesB-DIDOBNA-N, doped in a co-host, shows the highest efficiency reported for a near-UV OLED at 16.2%. With a CIEy coordinate of 0.049, this device also shows the bluest EL reported for a MR-TADF OLED to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Le Zhang
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Changfeng Si
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Gaetano Ricci
- Laboratory for Computational Modeling of Functional Materials, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Stuart Warriner
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons, 7000, Belgium
- Laboratory for Computational Modeling of Functional Materials, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
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4
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Chen D, Tenopala‐Carmona F, Knöller JA, Mischok A, Hall D, Madayanad Suresh S, Matulaitis T, Olivier Y, Nacke P, Gießelmann F, Laschat S, Gather MC, Zysman‐Colman E. Mesogenic Groups Control the Emitter Orientation in Multi-Resonance TADF Emitter Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218911. [PMID: 36760211 PMCID: PMC10947294 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters and emitters that show preferential horizontal orientation of their transition dipole moment (TDM) are two emerging strategies to enhance the efficiency of OLEDs. We present the first example of a liquid crystalline multi-resonance TADF (MR-TADF) emitter, DiKTa-LC. The compound possesses a nematic liquid crystalline phase between 80 °C and 110 °C. Importantly, the TDM of the spin-coated film shows preferential horizontal orientation, with an anisotropy factor, a, of 0.28, which is preserved in doped poly(vinylcarbazole) films. Green-emitting (λEL =492 nm) solution-processed OLEDs based on DiKTa-LC showed an EQEmax of 13.6 %. We thus demonstrate for the first time how self-assembly of a liquid crystalline TADF emitter can lead to the so-far elusive control of the orientation of the transition dipole in solution-processed films, which will be of relevance for high-performance solution-processed OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Chen
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Francisco Tenopala‐Carmona
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and BiophotonicsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstr. 4-650939KölnGermany
| | - Julius A. Knöller
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Andreas Mischok
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and BiophotonicsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstr. 4-650939KölnGermany
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium
| | - Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Computational Modeling of Functional MaterialsNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversité de NamurRue de Bruxelles 615000NamurBelgium
| | - Pierre Nacke
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Frank Gießelmann
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Malte C. Gather
- Humboldt Centre for Nano- and BiophotonicsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstr. 4-650939KölnGermany
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
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5
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Matulaitis T, dos Santos PL, Tsuchiya Y, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Adachi C, Samuel IDW, Zysman‐Colman E. Donor Influence on the Optoelectronic Properties of N‐Substituted Tetraphenylimidazole Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre School of Chemistry University of St. Andrews St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST United Kingdom
| | - Paloma L. dos Santos
- Organic Semiconductor Centre SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9SS United Kingdom
- Current address: Department of Engineering Durham University Durham DH1 3LE
| | - Youichi Tsuchiya
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - David B. Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre School of Chemistry University of St. Andrews St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre School of Chemistry University of St. Andrews St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST United Kingdom
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Ifor D. W. Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9SS United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre School of Chemistry University of St. Andrews St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST United Kingdom
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6
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Madayanad Suresh S, Zhang L, Hall D, Si C, Ricci G, Matulaitis T, Slawin AMZ, Warriner S, Olivier Y, Samuel IDW, Zysman-Colman E. A Deep-Blue-Emitting Heteroatom-Doped MR-TADF Nonacene for High-Performance Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215522. [PMID: 36480790 PMCID: PMC10107802 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present a p- and n-doped nonacene compound, NOBNacene, that represents a rare example of a linearly extended ladder-type multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitter. This compound shows efficient narrow deep blue emission, with a λPL of 410 nm, full width at half maximum, FWHM, of 38 nm, photoluminescence quantum yield, ΦPL of 71 %, and a delayed lifetime, τd of 1.18 ms in 1.5 wt % TSPO1 thin film. The organic light-emitting diode (OLED) using this compound as the emitter shows a comparable electroluminescence spectrum peaked at 409 nm (FWHM=37 nm) and a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax ) of 8.5 % at Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.173, 0.055). The EQEmax values were increased to 11.2 % at 3 wt % doping of the emitter within the emissive layer of the device. At this concentration, the electroluminescence spectrum broadened slightly, leading to CIE coordinates of (0.176, 0.068).
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Affiliation(s)
- Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Le Zhang
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.,Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Changfeng Si
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Gaetano Ricci
- Laboratory for Computational Modeling of Functional Materials & Solid State Physics Laboratory, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Stuart Warriner
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Computational Modeling of Functional Materials & Solid State Physics Laboratory, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
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7
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Chen D, Tenopala-Carmona F, Knöller JA, Mischok A, Hall D, Suresh SM, Matulaitis T, Olivier Y, Nacke P, Gießelmann F, Laschat S, Gather MC, Zysman-Colman E. Mesogenic Groups Control the Emitter Orientation in Multi‐Resonance TADF Emitter Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202218911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David Hall
- University of St Andrews Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | | | | | - Pierre Nacke
- University of Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Frank Gießelmann
- University of Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Sabine Laschat
- University of Stuttgart: Universitat Stuttgart Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- University of St Andrews School of Chemistry Purdie BuildingNorth Haugh KY16 9ST St Andrews UNITED KINGDOM
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8
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Madayanad Suresh S, Zhang L, Hall D, Si C, Ricci G, Matulaitis T, Slawin AMZ, Warriner S, Olivier Y, Samuel ID, Zysman-Colman E. A Deep‐Blue‐Emitting Heteroatom‐Doped MR‐TADF Nonacene for High‐Performance Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202215522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Le Zhang
- University of St Andrews Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - David Hall
- University of St Andrews Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Changfeng Si
- University of St Andrews Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- University of St Andrews School of Chemistry Purdie BuildingNorth Haugh KY16 9ST St Andrews UNITED KINGDOM
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9
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Karaman M, Kumar Gupta A, Madayanad Suresh S, Matulaitis T, Mardegan L, Tordera D, Bolink HJ, Wu S, Warriner S, Samuel ID, Zysman-Colman E. Ionic multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for light emitting electrochemical cells. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:1311-1321. [PMID: 36225727 PMCID: PMC9520854 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed and synthesized two new ionic thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters that are charged analogues of a known multiresonant TADF (MR-TADF) compound, DiKTa. The emission of the charged derivatives is red-shifted compared to the parent compound. For instance, DiKTa-OBuIm emits in the green (λPL = 499 nm, 1 wt % in mCP) while DiKTa-DPA-OBuIm emits in the red (λPL = 577 nm, 1 wt % in mCP). In 1 wt % mCP films, both emitters showed good photoluminescence quantum yields of 71% and 61%, and delayed lifetimes of 316.6 μs and 241.7 μs, respectively, for DiKTa-OBuIm and DiKTa-DPA-OBuIm, leading to reverse intersystem crossing rates of 2.85 × 103 s−1 and 3.04 × 103 s−1. Light-emitting electrochemical cells were prepared using both DiKTa-OBuIm and DiKTa-DPA-OBuIm as active emitters showing green (λmax = 534 nm) and red (λmax = 656 nm) emission, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Karaman
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Izmir Katip, Celebi University, Cigli, 35620-Izmir, Turkey
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 9ST
| | - Abhishek Kumar Gupta
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 9ST
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 9ST
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 9ST
| | - Lorenzo Mardegan
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain
| | - Daniel Tordera
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain
| | - Henk J Bolink
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático J. Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain
| | - Sen Wu
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 9ST
| | - Stuart Warriner
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, UK
| | - Ifor D Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 9ST
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10
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Bryden MA, Millward F, Matulaitis T, Chen D, Villa M, Fermi A, Cetin S, Ceroni P, Zysman-Colman E. Moving Beyond Cyanoarene Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Compounds as Photocatalysts: An Assessment of the Performance of a Pyrimidyl Sulfone Photocatalyst in Comparison to 4CzIPN. J Org Chem 2022; 88:6364-6373. [PMID: 35820116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbazolyl dicyanobenzene (CDCB) derivates exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) have shown themselves to be excellent photocatalysts over recent years, particularly 4CzIPN, although investigation into organic TADF compounds as photocatalysts outside of the CDCB group has been limited. Herein, we report an alternative donor-acceptor TADF structure, 9,9'-(sulfonylbis(pyrimidine-5,2-diyl))bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazole), pDTCz-DPmS, for use as a photocatalyst (PC). A comparison of the electrochemical and photophysical properties of pDTCz-DPmS with 4CzIPN in a range of solvents identifies the former as a better ground state reducing agent and photoreductant, while both exhibit similar oxidation capabilities in the ground and excited state. The increased conjugation of pDTCz-DPmS relative to 4CzIPN presents a more intense CT band in the UV-vis absorption spectrum, aiding in the light absorption of this molecule. Prompt and delayed emission lifetimes are observed for pDTCz-DPmS, confirming the TADF nature, both of which are sufficiently long-lived to participate in productive photochemistry. These combined properties make pDTCz-DPmS useful in photocatalysis reactions, covering a range of photoredox oxidative and reductive quenching reactions, as well as those involving a dual Ni(II) cocatalyst, alongside energy transfer processes. The higher triplet energy and increased photostability of pDTCz-DPmS compared with 4CzIPN were found to be advantages of this organic PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Amy Bryden
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Millward
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Dongyang Chen
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Villa
- Department of Chemistry Ciamician, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Fermi
- Department of Chemistry Ciamician, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.,Center for Chemical Catalysis-C3, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sultan Cetin
- Department of Chemistry Ciamician, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Department of Chemistry Ciamician, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.,Center for Chemical Catalysis-C3, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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11
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Poulard L, Kasemthaveechok S, Coehlo M, Kumar RA, Frédéric L, Sumsalee P, d'Anfray T, Wu S, Wang J, Matulaitis T, Crassous J, Zysman-Colman E, Favereau L, Pieters G. Circularly polarized-thermally activated delayed fluorescent materials based on chiral bicarbazole donors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6554-6557. [PMID: 35583152 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00998f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We describe herein a molecular design to generate circularly polarized thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters in which chiral bicarbazole donors are connected to acceptor units via a rigid 8-membered cycle and how the nature of the donor and acceptor units affect the photophysical and chiroptical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurélie Poulard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | | | - Max Coehlo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Ramar Arun Kumar
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. .,SRM Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203 Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Lucas Frédéric
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Patthira Sumsalee
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, ScanMAT-UMS 2001, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Timothée d'Anfray
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Sen Wu
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Jingxiang Wang
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, ScanMAT-UMS 2001, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Ludovic Favereau
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, ScanMAT-UMS 2001, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Grégory Pieters
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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12
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Chan CY, Suresh SM, Lee YT, Tsuchiya Y, Matulaitis T, Hall D, Slawin A, Warriner S, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Adachi C, Zysman-Colman E. Two Boron Atoms versus One: High-performance Deep-blue Multi-resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9377-9380. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03347j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new deep-blue narrowband multi-resonant emitters, 1B-DTACrs and 2B-DTACrs, one of which showing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), based on boron, nitrogen, and oxygen doped nanographenes were designed and synthesized...
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13
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Crovini E, Zhang Z, Kusakabe Y, Ren Y, Wada Y, Naqvi BA, Sahay P, Matulaitis T, Diesing S, Samuel IDW, Brütting W, Suzuki K, Kaji H, Bräse S, Zysman-Colman E. Effect of a twin-emitter design strategy on a previously reported thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diode. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2894-2905. [PMID: 34956408 PMCID: PMC8685574 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we showcase the emitter DICzTRZ in which we employed a twin-emitter design of our previously reported material, ICzTRZ. This new system presented a red-shifted emission at 488 nm compared to that of ICzTRZ at 475 nm and showed a comparable photoluminescence quantum yield of 57.1% in a 20 wt % CzSi film versus 63.3% for ICzTRZ. The emitter was then incorporated within a solution-processed organic light-emitting diode that showed a maximum external quantum efficiency of 8.4%, with Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage coordinate of (0.22, 0.47), at 1 mA cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Crovini
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yu Kusakabe
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yongxia Ren
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Wada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Bilal A Naqvi
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätstrasse. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Prakhar Sahay
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätstrasse. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Stefan Diesing
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Wolfgang Brütting
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätstrasse. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Katsuaki Suzuki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaji
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
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14
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Gupta AK, Matulaitis T, Cordes DB, Slawin AM, Samuel ID, Zysman-Colman E. Highly twisted α-diketone-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters and their use in organic light-emitting diodes. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2021-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have designed a highly twisted small thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter PXZ-α-DK based on an α-diketone (α-DK) as a strong acceptor and phenoxazine (PXZ) as a strong donor to obtain red-shifted emission in comparison with the equivalent α-diketone linked to 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine (DMAC). The PXZ-α-DK shows emission at 586 nm and DMAC-α-DK shows emission at 548 nm in 1,3-bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) host at 1.5 wt% doping of the emitter, with short-delayed lifetimes of 6.9 μs for PXZ-α-DK and 7.6 μs for DMAC-α-DK. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) fabricated using these emitters show green electroluminescence at 555 nm for DMAC-α-DK, with a maximum external quantum efficiency, EQEmax, of 6.3%, and orange electroluminescence at 585 nm for PXZ-α-DK, with an EQEmax of 0.8%. We corroborate the optoelectronic properties of these emitters with DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar Gupta
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David B. Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M.Z. Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Ifor D.W. Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
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15
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Krotkus S, Matulaitis T, Diesing S, Copley G, Archer E, Keum C, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Gather MC, Zysman-Colman E, Samuel IDW. Fast Delayed Emission in New Pyridazine-Based Compounds. Front Chem 2021; 8:572862. [PMID: 33490031 PMCID: PMC7817954 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.572862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three novel donor-acceptor molecules comprising the underexplored pyridazine (Pydz) acceptor moiety have been synthesized and their structural, electrochemical and photophysical properties thoroughly characterized. Combining Pydz with two phenoxazine donor units linked via a phenyl bridge in a meta configuration (dPXZMePydz) leads to high reverse intersystem crossing rate k RISC = 3.9 · 106 s-1 and fast thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) with <500 ns delayed emission lifetime. Efficient triplet harvesting via the TADF mechanism is demonstrated in OLEDs using dPXZMePydz as the emitter but does not occur for compounds bearing weaker donor units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Krotkus
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Diesing
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.,Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Copley
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Archer
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Changmin Keum
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - David B Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Malte C Gather
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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16
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Dos Santos PL, Chen D, Rajamalli P, Matulaitis T, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Jacquemin D, Zysman-Colman E, Samuel IDW. Use of Pyrimidine and Pyrazine Bridges as a Design Strategy To Improve the Performance of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light Emitting Diodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:45171-45179. [PMID: 31697057 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a study of two isomeric thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters 9,9'-(sulfonylbis(pyrimidine-5,2-diyl))bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazole) (pDTCz-DPmS) and 9,9'-(sulfonylbis(pyrazine-5,2-diyl))bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazole) (pDTCz-DPzS). The use of pyrimidine and pyrazine as bridging units between the electron donor and acceptor moieties is found to be advantageous compared to the phenyl- (pDTCz-DPS) and pyridine-based analogues (pDTCz-3DPyS and pDTCz-2DPyS). Conformational modulation of the donor groups as a function of the bridge results in high photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦPL > 68%) and small energy gaps between singlet and triplet excited states (ΔEST < 160 meV). OLEDs using pDTCz-DPmS and pDTCz-DPzS as emitters exhibit blue and green electroluminescence, respectively, with higher maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax of 14% and 18%, respectively) and a reduced efficiency roll-off as compared to the reference devices using pDTCz-DPS, pDTCz-3DPyS, and pDTCz-2DPyS as the emitters. Our results provide a more complete understanding on the impact of the bridge structure in D-A-D TADF systems on the optoelectronic properties of the emitter and how the balance between color purity and EQE in the devices can be controlled, advancing the design strategies for TADF emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Lays Dos Santos
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy , University of St Andrews , St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS , United Kingdom
| | - Dongyang Chen
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST , United Kingdom
| | - Pachaiyappan Rajamalli
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST , United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST , United Kingdom
| | - David B Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST , United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST , United Kingdom
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM, UMR-CNRS 6230 , University of Nantes , 2 rue de la Houssinière , 44322 Nantes , France
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST , United Kingdom
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy , University of St Andrews , St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS , United Kingdom
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17
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Peckus D, Matulaitis T, Franckevičius M, Mimaitė V, Tamulevičius T, Simokaitienė J, Volyniuk D, Gulbinas V, Tamulevičius S, Gražulevičius JV. Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer States in Trinary Star-Shaped Triphenylamine-Based Compounds. J Phys Chem A 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domantas Peckus
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko Str. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Franckevičius
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Mimaitė
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Tamulevičius
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko Str. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ju̅ratė Simokaitienė
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vidmantas Gulbinas
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Tamulevičius
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko Str. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Vidas Gražulevičius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
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18
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Kukhta NA, Matulaitis T, Volyniuk D, Ivaniuk K, Turyk P, Stakhira P, Grazulevicius JV, Monkman AP. Deep-Blue High-Efficiency TTA OLED Using Para- and Meta-Conjugated Cyanotriphenylbenzene and Carbazole Derivatives as Emitter and Host. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:6199-6205. [PMID: 29227664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Elaboration of the appropriate host materials proved to be not less important for the fabrication of a highly efficient OLED than the design of emitters. In the present work, we show how by simple variation of molecular structure both blue emitters exhibiting delayed fluorescence and ambipolar high triplet energy hosts can be obtained. The compounds with a para-junction revealed higher thermal stability (TID up to 480 °C), lower ionization potentials (5.51-5.60 eV), exclusively hole transport, and higher photoluminescence quantum efficiencies (0.90-0.97). Meta-linkage leads to ambipolar charge transport and higher triplet energies (2.82 eV). Introduction of the accepting nitrile groups in the para-position induces intensive delayed fluorescence via a triplet-triplet annihilation up-conversion mechanism. By utilization of the para-substituted derivative as an emitter and the meta-substituted isomer as the host, a deep-blue OLED with the external quantum efficiency of 14.1% was fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadzeya A Kukhta
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Khrystyna Ivaniuk
- Lviv Polytechnic National University , S. Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Turyk
- Lviv Polytechnic National University , S. Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Stakhira
- Lviv Polytechnic National University , S. Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology , Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Andrew P Monkman
- Department of Physics, Durham University , South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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