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Ishihara Y, Ozaki H, Nakagata T, Yoshihara T, Natsume T, Kitada T, Ishibashi M, Deng P, Yamada Y, Kobayashi H, Machida S, Naito H. Correction: Ishihara et al. Association between Daily Physical Activity and Locomotive Syndrome in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 8164. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6751. [PMID: 37754661 PMCID: PMC10530981 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
There was an error in the "d-value of the first paragraph in Section 3 (Results)" in the original publication (Page 5, Line 41) [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Ishihara
- School of Science and Technology for Future Life, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hayao Ozaki
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- School of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, Miyoshi 470-0207, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshihara
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Natsume
- School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara 259-1193, Japan
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Faculty of Business Administration, Seijoh University, Miyoshi 476-8588, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | | | - Pengyu Deng
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yamada
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki 310-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
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Ishihara Y, Ozaki H, Nakagata T, Yoshihara T, Natsume T, Kitada T, Ishibashi M, Deng P, Yamada Y, Kobayashi H, Machida S, Naito H. Association between Daily Physical Activity and Locomotive Syndrome in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:8164. [PMID: 35805823 PMCID: PMC9265950 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the association between locomotive syndrome (LS) and daily physical activity (PA) in community-dwelling older adults. This cross-sectional study included 80 healthy Japanese older adults (40 men and 40 women; age: 60-79 years). Habitual daily PA was evaluated using a triaxial wrist accelerometer. Participants were divided into two groups based on the results of the two-step test, stand-up test, and 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale. Binomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the statistical relationships between daily PA and category of LS, adjusting for age from adjusted odds ratio (adjusted OR) with the 95 percent confidence intervals (95%CI) and bootstrap 95%CI. The mean step count and time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were significantly higher among non-LS participants than among LS participants in women, but not in men. Logistic regression analyses indicated that spending longer than 28 min/day on MVPA was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of LS relative to short time category under 28 min/day in women (adjusted OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.02-0.59, bootstrap 95%CI = 0.01-0.43), but not in men. This study suggests that in community-dwelling older women, those with higher MVPA had lower odds of LS, and daily MVPA was associated with LS, but not in men. Therefore, the associations between LS and daily physical activity were partly dependent on sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Ishihara
- School of Science and Technology for Future Life, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan;
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Hayao Ozaki
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- School of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, Miyoshi 470-0207, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshihara
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Toshiharu Natsume
- School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara 259-1193, Japan;
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Faculty of Business Administration, Seijoh University, Miyoshi 476-8588, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | | | - Pengyu Deng
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Yasuyuki Yamada
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki 310-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
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Natsume T, Ozaki H, Nakagata T, Yoshihara T, Kitada T, Ishihara Y, Deng P, Osawa T, Sawada S, Kobayashi H, Machida S, Naito H. Site-Specific Muscle Loss in the Abdomen and Anterior Thigh in Elderly Males with Locomotive Syndrome. J Sports Sci Med 2021; 20:635-641. [PMID: 35321137 PMCID: PMC8488823 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2021.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Although locomotive syndrome (LS) is a condition of reduced mobility, little information is available regarding the loss of site-specific skeletal muscle mass. The aim of the present study is to examine site-specific muscle loss in elderly males with LS. A total of 100 men ranging in age from 65 to 74 years were divided into two groups (LS and non-LS) using LS risk tests including the stand-up test, two-step test, and the 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale Muscle thickness (MTH) at eight sites-anterior and posterior thigh (AT and PT, respectively), anterior and posterior lower leg (AL and PL, respectively), rectus abdominis (RA), anterior and posterior upper arm (AU and PU, respectively), and anterior forearm (AF)-was evaluated using B-mode ultrasound. Furthermore, the 30-s chair stand test (CS-30), 10-m walking time, zig-zag walking time, and sit-up test were assessed as physical functions. There were no significant differences in age and body mass index between the LS and non-LS groups. The percentage of skeletal muscle was lower in the LS group than in the non-LS group. Although there were no differences in the MTH of AU, PU, AF, PT, Al and PL, site-specific muscle loss was observed at RA and AT in the LS group. CS-30, 10-m walking time, zig-zag walking time, and sit-up test in the LS group were all worse than those in the non-LS group. The MTHs of RA and AT were both correlated to those physical functions. In conclusion, the LS group had site-specific muscle loss and worse physical functions. This study suggests that site-specific changes may be associated with age-related physical functions. These results may suggest what the essential characteristics of LS are.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Natsume
- COI project center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Structure & Function, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Shimokasuya, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hayao Ozaki
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- School of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, Miyoshi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, NIBIOHN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshihara
- COI project center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- Faculty of Business Administration, Seijoh University, 2-172 Fukinodai, Tokai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ishihara
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- Department of humanities and Social Sciences, School of Science and Technology forFuture Life, Tokyo Denki University, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pengyu Deng
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuya Osawa
- COI project center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Sports and Health Science, Faculty of Physical Education, Japan Women's College of Physical Education, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Sawada
- COI project center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, 3-2-7 Miyamachi, Mito, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shuich Machida
- COI project center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- COI project center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
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Fujita K, Umegaki H, Makino T, Uemura K, Hayashi T, Inoue A, Uno C, Kitada T, Huang CH, Shimada H, Kuzuya M. Short- and long-term effects of different exercise programs on the gait performance of older adults with subjective cognitive decline: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Gerontol 2021; 156:111590. [PMID: 34648847 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults, especially those with cognitive decline, often have poor gait performance, which results in poor clinical outcomes due to falls or decreased daily physical activity. The effects of various exercises on gait performance have been studied, whereas the short-term and long-term effects of different exercise modalities remain unknown. OBJECTIVE To compare the short- and long-term effects of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), and combined training (CT) on the gait performance of community-dwelling older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). DESIGN A four-arm, randomized controlled trial. SETTING AND SUBJECTS 388 community-dwelling older adults with SCD (mean age, 72.3 years). METHODS Participants attended an exercise or education class twice a week for 26 weeks. 10 gait performance parameters were examined at baseline, post-intervention (Week 26), and after 26 weeks of follow-up (Week 52) using an electronic walkway system. RESULTS The mean adherence of exercise sessions was 82.5 to 85.9%. All exercise intervention induced an improvement in gait speed, stride time, cadence, stride length, and double-support time at Week 26 (p < .05), without significant intergroup differences among exercise interventions. However, only RT showed a significant effect on some spatiotemporal gait parameters at Week 52. The analyses for the gait variability parameters showed mild effects of all exercise interventions. CONCLUSION All of the exercise programs examined had a positive short-term effect on spatiotemporal gait parameters of older adults with SCD, despite no effect on gait variability parameters. RT are most recommended when long-lasting effects are the primary aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Fujita
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taeko Makino
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemura
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hayashi
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chiharu Uno
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chi Hsien Huang
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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Sawada S, Ozaki H, Natsume T, Deng P, Yoshihara T, Nakagata T, Osawa T, Ishihara Y, Kitada T, Kimura K, Sato N, Machida S, Naito H. The 30-s chair stand test can be a useful tool for screening sarcopenia in elderly Japanese participants. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:639. [PMID: 34303339 PMCID: PMC8310594 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low muscle strength has been focused on as an essential characteristic of sarcopenia, and the 30-s chair stand test (CS-30) could be a particularly useful test for assessing muscle strength. While it is speculated to be a beneficial tool for the assessment of sarcopenia, this remains to be verified. In this study, we examined the reliability and optimal diagnostic score of the CS-30 for assessing sarcopenia in elderly Japanese participants. Methods This cross-sectional study included 678 participants (443 females and 235 males) who underwent the test for sarcopenia as per the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019, the CS-30 test, and the isometric knee-extension muscle strength test. ROC analysis was used to estimate the optimal CS-30 scores at which sarcopenia was detected. Results CS-30 scores were positively associated with sarcopenia (OR: 0.88; 95% CI:0.82–0.93). The AUC of the CS-30 for sarcopenia definition were 0.84 (p < 0.001) for females and 0.80 (p < 0.001) for males. The optimal number of stands in the CS-30 that predicted sarcopenia was 15 for females (sensitivity, 76.4%; specificity, 76.8%) and 17 for males (sensitivity, 75.0%; specificity, 71.7%). Conclusions The CS-30 was found to be a reliable test for sarcopenia screening in the elderly Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Sawada
- COI project center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hayao Ozaki
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,School of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, 21-233 Nishinohora, Ukigai, Miyoshi, Aichi, 470-0207, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Natsume
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,Department of Human Structure & Function, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Iesehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Pengyu Deng
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshihara
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Takuya Osawa
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Japan Women's College of Physical Education, 8-19-1, Kitakarasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Chiba, Tokyo, 157-8565, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ishihara
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,School of Science and Technology for Future Life, Tokyo Denki University, 5 Senju Asahi-cho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, 120-8551, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,Faculty of Business Administration, Seijoh University, 2-172 Fukinodai, Tokai City, Aichi, 476-8588, Japan
| | - Ken Kimura
- School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, 5 Senju Asahi-cho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, 120-8551, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Sato
- Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- COI project center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan. .,Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan. .,Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Naito
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
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Kitada T, Kadoba K, Watanabe R, Koyama T, Nakayama Y, Taki M, Yukawa S, Odani K, Morinobu A. Listeriosis presenting with fever, arthralgia, elevated liver enzymes, and hyperferritinaemia in pregnancy: a critical mimicker of adult-onset Still's disease. Scand J Rheumatol 2021; 51:78-80. [PMID: 34152237 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2021.1923149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Kitada
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - K Kadoba
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - R Watanabe
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Koyama
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Y Nakayama
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Taki
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yukawa
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Odani
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Morinobu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Huang CH, Umegaki H, Makino T, Uemura K, Hayashi T, Kitada T, Inoue A, Shimada H, Kuzuya M. Effect of various exercises on frailty among older adults with subjective cognitive concerns: a randomised controlled trial. Age Ageing 2020; 49:1011-1019. [PMID: 32520984 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afaa086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise has been linked to reduced frailty, but there is insufficient evidence of beneficial effects in community-dwelling older adults with subjective cognitive concerns. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify the effects of physical exercise in this population. DESIGN Single-blind randomised controlled trial. SETTING Community sports centres. PARTICIPANTS Residents aged 65-85 years were screened using the Kihon checklist; those with subjective cognitive concerns were invited for eligibility assessment. In total, 415 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled and randomised. METHODS This trial investigated the effects of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT) and combined training (AT+RT) programs on reducing frailty. All participants were randomised into one of the three intervention groups or the control group. Participants in the intervention groups underwent a group training program and self-paced home training for 26 weeks. The control group received lectures about health promotion. A 95-item frailty index (FI) was utilised to determine the effects of training. Participants were followed up at weeks 26 and 52. RESULTS At baseline, mean age of all participants (47% women) was 72.3 ± 4.6 years, with a mean FI score of 0.3 ± 0.1. Compared with control group, AT improved total FI by 0.020 (CI -0.039 to -0.001, effect size -0.275) and the depression and anxiety component of FI by 0.051 (CI -0.084 to -0.018, effect size -0.469) at week 26, but the effects waned at week 52. No significant differences in FI were found in RT and AT+RT groups at weeks 26 and 52. CONCLUSIONS A 26-week AT reduced frailty modestly, especially in the depression and anxiety component, in older adults with subjective cognitive concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hsien Huang
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taeko Makino
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemura
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hayashi
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Huang CH, Umegaki H, Makino T, Uemura K, Hayashi T, Kitada T, Inoue A, Shimada H, Kuzuya M. Effect of Various Exercises on Intrinsic Capacity in Older Adults With Subjective Cognitive Concerns. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 22:780-786.e2. [PMID: 32768376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical activity is associated with improvement in overall health and well-being, but robust evidence with comprehensive assessment of general health is lacking. This study aimed to clarify the effects of physical activity on intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory concerns. DESIGN A single-blind randomized controlled trial compared aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), and combined training (AT+RT) programs for improving general health evaluated by intrinsic capacity. SETTING Toyota, Japan. PARTICIPANTS Residents (65-85 years old) who screened positive for subjective memory concerns using the Kihon checklist were invited for eligibility assessment. In total, 415 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled and randomized into the AT, RT, AT+RT, and control groups. METHODS Participants in the intervention groups underwent a group training program and self-paced home training for 26 weeks. The control group received lectures about health promotion. Intrinsic capacity (IC), constructed based on locomotion, cognition, psychological function, and vitality domains, was used to assess general health at baseline, week 26, and week 52. Between-group differences were exhibited with Z-score change in individual domain and combination of all domains. RESULTS At baseline, mean age of all participants (47% women) was 72.3 ± 4.6 years, with a mean composited IC Z-score of -0.2 ± 0.5. Overall, AT and RT improved composite IC Z-scores by 0.17 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03-0.30) and 0.17 (95% CI 0.05-0.28) at week 26, respectively, but the beneficial effects waned at week 52. No significant differences in composite IC Z-scores were found in the AT+RT group at weeks 26 and 52. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Twenty-six-week AT with self-paced home training and RT with self-paced home training improve IC among community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory concerns, but the benefits waned subsequently. It will be required to develop optimal interventions that have a continuous beneficial effect on IC among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hsien Huang
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan; Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C.; School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Taeko Makino
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemura
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hayashi
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan; Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
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Ozaki H, Kato G, Nakagata T, Nakamura T, Nakada K, Kitada T, Katamoto S, Naito H. Decrescent intensity training concurrently improves maximal anaerobic power, maximal accumulated oxygen deficit, and maximal oxygen uptake. Physiol Int 2019. [PMID: 31859528 DOI: 10.1556/2060.106.2019.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a gradually decreasing intensity training from that corresponding to maximal anaerobic power (MAnP) to that of near maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) (decrescent intensity training) on MAnP, maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD), and [Formula: see text] in untrained young men. Seventeen untrained young men were randomly divided into either a training (TR; n = 9) group or a control (CON; n = 8) group. The TR group performed the decrescent intensity training, whereas the CON group did not perform any exercises. The mean training time per session throughout the training period was 275 ± 135 s. There was a Group × Time interaction for both absolute and relative (p < 0.01) values of [Formula: see text], MAOD, and MAnP. The TR group had significantly increased values for all variables after the 8-week training program, and the relative values of all variables were significantly higher in the TR group than in the CON group. Muscle thicknesses in the anterior and posterior aspects of the thigh and maximal isokinetic knee extension and flexion strengths improved only in the TR group (p < 0.05). A single-exercise training with gradually decreasing intensity from that corresponding to the MAnP to that of approximately 100% [Formula: see text] improves MAnP, MAOD, and [Formula: see text] concurrently, despite the short training time per session.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ozaki
- School of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, Miyoshi, Japan.,Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - G Kato
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - T Nakagata
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - K Nakada
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - T Kitada
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Katamoto
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - H Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
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Ozaki H, Nakagata T, Yoshihara T, Kitada T, Natsume T, Ishihara Y, Deng P, Kobayashi H, Machida S, Naito H. Effects of Progressive Walking and Stair-Climbing Training Program on Muscle Size and Strength of the Lower Body in Untrained Older Adults. J Sports Sci Med 2019; 18:722-728. [PMID: 31827357 PMCID: PMC6873118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the progressive walking program on lower limb muscle size and strength and evaluated whether the stair-climbing exercise provided additional training effects when combined with the walking program. Fifteen elderly subjects (age 69 ± 1 years, height 1.63 ± 0.02 m, body weight 64.5 ± 2.0 kg) were randomly assigned to a walking group or a walking and stair-climbing group. The progressive walking program comprised continuous (week 1-8) and interval (week 9-17) exercises. The walking and stair-climbing group also performed stair climbing. Muscle thickness, strength, and walking performance were evaluated before and 8 and 17 weeks after the start of the program. The muscle thickness of the anterior and posterior parts of the thigh significantly (p < 0.05) increased in both groups. There was also a significant (p < 0.01) main effect of time in isometric maximal strength and the values expressed relative to body mass for both knee extension and flexion. However, no group × time interactions were noted. Furthermore, the percentage change of knee flexion strength after the training period was significantly (p < 0.01) correlated with the pre-intervention value. Seventeen weeks of the progressive walking program can increase thigh muscle size and strength for older adults; however, an added stair-climbing exercise may not provide additional training effects. Furthermore, the magnitude of improvement in knee flexion strength would depend on the pre-intervention value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayao Ozaki
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiko Ishihara
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Pengyu Deng
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Department of General Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
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Yoshihara T, Ozaki H, Nakagata T, Natsume T, Kitada T, Ishihara Y, Sawada S, Ishibashi M, Kobayashi H, Machida S, Naito H. Association between locomotive syndrome and blood parameters in Japanese middle-aged and elderly individuals: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:104. [PMID: 30871499 PMCID: PMC6417127 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Locomotive syndrome (LS) is associated with weakness and loss of function in the musculoskeletal organs. We aimed to determine the association between LS components and blood parameters in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Methods We included 223 middle-aged and elderly individuals in this study (104 men and 119 women; age: 40–85 years). All participants were asked to fast for at least 3 h before the venous blood samples were obtained and the hemoglobin, total protein, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), growth hormone, albumin and lipid profile were measured. Three functional tests, the stand-up test, the two-step test, and the 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale (GLFS) were used to assess the risk of LS. Walking speed was assessed by the 10-m walking test. Maximal isometric muscle strengths of the knee extensors were examined, and the weight bearing index (knee extension strength/body weight) was calculated. To assess an independent association between blood parameters and LS, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity) and a binary logistic regression analysis were performed with adjustment for age. Results Of the 223 subjects, 119 (53.3%) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for LS (including a two-step test score < 1.3, difficulty with one-leg standing from 40 cm in the stand-up test, and a 25-question GLFS score ≥ 7). Increased levels of HbA1c were significant risk factors for LS with an OR of 2.62 (OR95%CI = 1.43–4.80), as determined by a logistic regression analysis. Additionally, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) levels were significant only in the male subjects (OR = 0.992 [OR95%CI = 0.986–0.998]), at a threshold of 88 (AUC; 0.70, sensitivity; 79.6%, specificity; 49.1%). Moreover, 101 of 223 participants (41 men, 60 women) were analyzed for serum albumin levels, with a prevalence of LS at 55.4%, indicating that low levels of albumin were significant risk factors for LS (OR = 0.148 [OR95%CI = 0.023–0.954], p = 0.0445). Conclusions These results suggest that higher HbA1c and lower albumin are associated with the prevalence of LS in Japanese middle-aged and elderly individuals. Furthermore, low DHEA-S levels may be useful screening tools for LS in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Yoshihara
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hayao Ozaki
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Natsume
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ishihara
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Shuji Sawada
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Ishibashi
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 310-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan. .,Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan. .,Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Naito
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.,Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
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12
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Yoshihara T, Ozaki H, Nakagata T, Natsume T, Kitada T, Ishihara Y, Deng P, Osawa T, Ishibashi M, Ishijima M, Kobayashi H, Machida S, Naito H. Effects of a progressive walking program on the risk of developing locomotive syndrome in elderly Japanese people: a single-arm trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:1180-1186. [PMID: 30214122 PMCID: PMC6127484 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to identify the efficacy of a progressive walking program on the risk of developing locomotive syndrome among untrained elderly Japanese people. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-four untrained elderly individuals (68 ± 4 years) completed a 17-week progressive walking program. The stand-up, two-step tests and the 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale were used to assess the risk of locomotive syndrome at baseline, the 8-week midpoint (2 months), and the 17-week endpoint (4 months). Maximal isometric muscle strength of the knee extensors and flexors were measured using a dynamometer with the hip joint angle at 90° of flexion and physical function (the 30-s sit-to-stand, sit-up, 10-meter walk, and grip strength) were evaluated. [Results] The 4-month walking program significantly improved the two-step test and geriatric locomotive function scale scores. This may be attributable to the improvement in knee flexor strength and physical function. [Conclusion] A 4-month program of progressive walking effectively lowered the risk of developing locomotive syndrome in elderly Japanese people by improving knee flexor muscle strength and physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayao Ozaki
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University:
1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo
University, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University:
1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Natsume
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine,
Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo
University, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ishihara
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine,
Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Pengyu Deng
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine,
Juntendo University, Japan
| | | | | | - Muneaki Ishijima
- Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ,
Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Shuichi Machida
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Japan
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University:
1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo
University, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine,
Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Japan
- School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University:
1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo
University, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine,
Juntendo University, Japan
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13
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Kakigi R, Ichinoseki-Sekine N, Natsume T, Kitada T, Yoshihara T, Tsuzuki T, Kobayashi H, Machida S, Naito H. Whey Peptides Intake activates mTOR Signaling after Resistance Exercise Independent of Sex and Menstrual Cycle. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536911.76598.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Kitada T, Hikita R, Hirose H. Parkin directly reduces hydrogen peroxide and has alternative reversible functions both as an E3 ligase and a redox molecule. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Ozaki H, Kitada T, Nakagata T, Naito H. Combination of body mass-based resistance training and high-intensity walking can improve both muscle size and V˙O 2 peak in untrained older women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 17:779-784. [PMID: 27215634 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Here, we aimed to compare the effect of a combination of body mass-based resistance exercise and moderate-intensity (55% peak oxygen uptake [ V˙O2 peak]) walking or high-intensity (75% V˙O2 peak) walking on muscle size and V˙O2 peak in untrained older women. METHODS A total of 12 untrained older women (mean age 60 ± 2 years) were randomly assigned to either a moderate-intensity aerobic training group (n = 6) or high-intensity aerobic training group (n = 6). Both groups carried out body-mass based (lower body) resistance exercises (2 sets of 10 repetitions) on 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Between these exercises, the participants in the moderate-intensity aerobic training group walked at a previously determined speed equivalent to 55% V˙O2 peak, whereas those in the high-intensity aerobic training group walked at a speed equivalent to 75% V˙O2 peak. RESULTS Muscle thickness of the anterior aspect of the thigh and maximal isokinetic knee extension strength significantly increased in both groups (P < 0.01); these relative changes were negatively correlated with the absolute muscle thickness of the anterior aspect of the thigh value and the relative value of maximal knee strength to body mass at pre-intervention, respectively. A significant group × time interaction was noted for V˙O2 peak (P < 0.05), which increased only in the high-intensity aerobic training group. CONCLUSIONS Body mass-based resistance training significantly induced muscle hypertrophy in untrained older women. In particular, lower muscle thickness before intervention was associated with greater training-induced growth. Furthermore, V˙O2 peak can be increased by combined circuit training involving low-load resistance exercise and walking, particularly when a relatively high intensity of walking is maintained. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 779-784.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayao Ozaki
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan.,Research fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
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Ozaki H, Kitada T, Abe T, Machida S, Naito H, Katamoto S. Cycling inhibits age-related decreases in muscle thickness of the lower extremities and maximum oxygen uptake. J Sci Med Sport 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Aims To investigate the relationship between muscle oxygenation (specifically, the levels of oxygenated haemoglobin and myoglobin [oxyHb/Mb]) during maximal running and muscle fibre composition, and to determine whether muscle fibre composition can be non-invasively estimated from oxyHb/Mb levels during maximal running. Methods Eight male runners (, 60.9±
4.6 mL·kg−1·min−1) performed an incremental running test on a treadmill. OxyHb/Mb levels of the vastus lateralis during maximal running were measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Muscle fibre composition of the vastus lateralis was determined from muscle biopsy samples from the same region measured by NIRS, and the fibre types were classified as type I, type IIa, or type IIb fibres using traditional pH-sensitive ATPase staining. Type I and type IIa fibres together were defined as oxidative fibres. Results OxyHb/Mb levels during running were lowest at exhaustion in all participants. OxyHb/Mb levels at exhaustion were positively correlated with the percentages of type I fibres (r=0.755, p<0.05) and oxidative fibres (r=0.944, p<0.01). Conclusions We conclude that higher oxyHb/Mb levels at exhaustion during maximal running are correlated with a higher percentage of oxidative fibres, indicating the potential importance of oxidative fibres in the maintenance of oxyHb/Mb levels during maximal running. Additionally, muscle fibre composition could be non-invasively estimated from oxyHb/Mb levels during maximal running tests in runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoharu Kitada
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science , Juntendo University , Inzai-shi, Chiba , Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science , Juntendo University , Inzai-shi, Chiba , Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science , Juntendo University , Inzai-shi, Chiba , Japan
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Kitada T, Kawai S, Nakamura A, Sakuma K, Machida S, Naito H. Lower Limb and Respiratory Muscle Oxygenation During 800-m Running. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000478594.94248.5a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ozaki H, Naito H, Nakagata T, Kitada T, Katamoto S. Cardiovascular Responses To Combined Elastic Tube And Walking Exercises. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000401433.27656.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Imai Y, Tamura S, Tanaka H, Hiramatsu N, Kiso S, Doi Y, Inada M, Nagase T, Kitada T, Imanaka K, Fukuda K, Takehara T, Kasahara A, Hayashi N. Reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after interferon therapy in aged patients with chronic hepatitis C is limited to sustained virological responders. J Viral Hepat 2010; 17:185-91. [PMID: 19709362 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of interferon (IFN) monotherapy on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in aged-patients with chronic hepatitis C. Seven hundred and twenty-five patients with histologically proven chronic hepatitis C were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study; 531 received IFN monotherapy for 6 months between 1992 and 1995, and 157 were collected as a historical control. The effect of IFN therapy on the development of HCC was compared between the patients with chronic hepatitis C under 60 years old (non-aged group, n = 531) and those 60 and over (aged group, n = 194). A stepwise Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis in the non-aged group revealed that IFN therapy (risk ratio 0.52, 95% CI 0.33-0.81, P = 0.004), older age (P = 0.001), and higher histological stage (P < 0.001) were independent factors associated with the development of HCC. In the aged-group, only higher histological stage (P = 0.002) and male gender (P = 0.011), but not IFN therapy (risk ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.42-1.40, P = 0.386), were identified as independent risk factors for HCC, although HCC was significantly reduced when sustained virological response (SVR) was obtained (risk ratio 0.23, 95% CI 0.08-0.64, P = 0.005). In conclusion, inhibitory effect of IFN on development of HCC in the patients with chronic hepatitis C aged 60 and over was limited to the patients achieving SVR when treated with 6 months-IFN monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Imai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ikeda Municipal Hospital, 3-1-18, Johnan, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8510, Japan.
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Martella G, Platania P, Vita D, Sciamanna G, Cuomo D, Tassone A, Tscherter A, Kitada T, Bonsi P, Shen J, Pisani A. Enhanced sensitivity to group II mGlu receptor activation at corticostriatal synapses in mice lacking the familial parkinsonism-linked genes PINK1 or Parkin. Exp Neurol 2008; 215:388-96. [PMID: 19071114 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 10/17/2008] [Accepted: 11/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
An altered glutamatergic input at corticostriatal synapses has been shown in experimental models of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present work, we analyzed the membrane and synaptic responses of striatal neurons to metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor activation in two different mouse models of inherited PD, linked to mutations in PINK1 or Parkin genes. Both in PINK1 and Parkin knockout ((-/-)) mice, activation of group I mGlu receptors by 3,5-DHPG caused a membrane depolarization coupled to an increase in firing frequency in striatal cholinergic interneurons that was comparable to the response observed in the respective wild-type (WT) interneurons. The sensitivity to group II and III mGlu receptors was tested on cortically-evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) recorded from medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Both LY379268 and L-AP4, agonists for group II and III, respectively, had no effect on intrinsic membrane properties, but dose-dependently reduced the amplitude of corticostriatal EPSPs. However, both in PINK1(-/-) and Parkin(-/-) mice, LY379268, but not L-AP4, exhibited a greater potency as compared to WT in depressing EPSP amplitude. Accordingly, the dose-response curve for the response to LY379268 in both knockout mice was shifted leftward. Moreover, consistent with a presynaptic site of action, both LY379268 and L-AP4 increased the paired-pulse ratio either in PINK1(-/-) and Parkin(-/-) or in WT mice. Acute pretreatment with L-dopa did not rescue the enhanced sensitivity to LY379268. Together, these results suggest that the selective increase in sensitivity of striatal group II mGlu receptors represents an adaptive change in mice in which an altered dopamine metabolism has been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Martella
- Department of Neuroscience, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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22
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Seki S, Sakaguchi H, Iwai S, Kadoya H, Kabayashi S, Kitada T, Fujii H, Tanaka T. Five-year survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with laparoscopic microwave coagulation therapy. Endoscopy 2005; 37:1220-5. [PMID: 16329021 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-921035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) that are located near the liver surface are difficult to treat with percutaneous locoregional therapies, so we have performed laparoscopic microwave coagulation therapy (LMCT) for these HCCs. We assessed the long-term survival of patients with HCCs treated with LMCT, the factors related to their survival, and the rates and causes of local and distant recurrences. PATIENTS AND METHODS Participants were 68 patients with HCC treated in the past 8 years with LMCT under local or general anesthesia. LMCT was done using microwave electrodes with tips ranging from 15 to 45 mm in length; the effectiveness of LMCT was confirmed using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) within 2 weeks of the LMCT procedure while patients were still in hospital, and within 1-3 months after the procedure in an outpatient setting; and the follow-up study was performed periodically by CT, ultrasonography, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in addition to estimation of alpha fetoprotein. Factors contributing to survival were analyzed statistically. RESULTS The mean lengths of the major and minor axes of the 71 HCC nodules in 68 patients were 20 mm and 18 mm, respectively, and the mean lengths of the major and minor axes of the coagulated areas were 43 mm and 29 mm, respectively. At dynamic CT after the LMCT procedure, treatment in 62 of the 68 patients (91%) was judged to have been completely effective; the remaining six patients underwent additional therapy while still in hospital. Eight of the 68 patients (12%) had local recurrences, 39 of them (57%) had distant recurrences, and 21 of them (31%) had no recurrence up to December 31, 2003. A total of 14 patients (21%) died during the 16-56 months after LMCT. When the survival rate was assessed for all patients treated with LMCT, 1-year survival was 97 %, 3-year survival was 81%, and 5-year survival was 43%. Whether the therapy was for primary or secondary HCC strongly influenced survival. CONCLUSIONS LMCT is a useful modality in clinical practice for treatment of HCC nodules located near the liver surface, and it can be safely performed, in its entirety, under direct visual guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seki
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
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23
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Kitada T, Seki S, Sakaguchi H, Sawada T, Hirakawa K, Wakasa K. Clinicopathological significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression in human pancreatic carcinoma. Histopathology 2004; 43:550-5. [PMID: 14636255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2003.01733.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) plays a key role in the cellular adaptation to hypoxia and the activation of several genes that have been implicated in tumour growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of HIF-1alpha expression in pancreatic carcinoma. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated HIF-1alpha expression immunohistochemically in pancreatic carcinoma tissues and regional lymph node metastasis. In cases of pancreatic ductal carcinoma, the relationship between HIF-1alpha expression and various clinicopathological parameters including cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and microvessel density, was also examined. Over-expression of HIF-1alpha was frequently (29 of 49 cases, 59.2%) detected in pancreatic carcinoma and regional lymph node metastasis (19 of 25 cases, 76.0%), whereas HIF-1alpha expression was almost absent in non-cancerous pancreatic tissues. HIF-1alpha expression was significantly associated with tumour size (P = 0.023) and advanced TNM stage (stage I/II versus stage III, P = 0.039; stage I/II versus stage IV, P = 0.027). Moreover, HIF-1alpha expression positively correlated with cellular proliferation (P = 0.024) and microvessel density/neo-angiogenesis (P = 0.038), but not with apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS HIF-1alpha may play a critical role in the progression of pancreatic carcinoma.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Antigens, CD34/analysis
- Apoptosis
- Blood Vessels/chemistry
- Blood Vessels/pathology
- Carcinoma, Acinar Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Acinar Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Division
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Ki-67 Antigen/analysis
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Single-Blind Method
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitada
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
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24
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Abstract
AIMS To investigate the pathological significance of oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage in alcoholic liver disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Hepatic expression of 4-hydroxy-2'-nonenal (HNE) adducts and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as reliable markers of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage, respectively, was analysed immunohistochemically and compared with histological findings in alcoholic liver disease. While no HNE adducts were observed in control livers, HNE adducts were frequently (37 of 40 cases, 92.5%) detected in alcoholic liver disease. The localization of HNE adducts was the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and sinusoidal cells in zone 3. As for 8-OHdG, 29 of 40 cases (72.5%) with alcoholic liver disease exhibited positive immunolabelling for 8-OHdG, while 8-OHdG expression was not evident in control livers. The nuclear expression of 8-OHdG was mainly detected in the hepatocytes within the areas of active inflammation. Among histological parameters, the grade of necro-inflammation activity as well as the presence of Mallory bodies were significantly associated with the expression of HNE adducts and 8-OHdG. In addition, the severity of steatosis also correlated with HNE adduct expression. CONCLUSIONS Lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage occur widely and may be associated with certain pathological features in human alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
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25
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Noda K, Miyoshi E, Kitada T, Nakahara S, Gao CX, Honke K, Shiratori Y, Moriwaki H, Sasaki Y, Kasahara A, Hori M, Hayashi N, Taniguchi N. The enzymatic basis for the conversion of nonfucosylated to fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein by acyclic retinoid treatment in human hepatoma cells: activation of alpha1-6 fucosyltransferase. Tumour Biol 2002; 23:202-11. [PMID: 12499776 DOI: 10.1159/000067253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanism by which nonfucosylated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is converted to fucosylated AFP in human hepatoma cell lines exposed to acyclic retinoid (AR), an effective drug for the secondary prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma. AR treatment (100 microM) of HepG2 and Hep3B cells significantly increased the activity and mRNA levels of alpha1-6 fucosyltransferase (alpha1-6 FucT), the enzyme responsible for the fucosylation of AFP, leading to an increase in fucosylated glycoproteins as evidenced by lectin binding measurements. Lectin immunoelectrophoresis of AFP obtained from culture media indicated that the relative percentage of nonfucosylated AFP (L1 fraction) was decreased and alpha1-6 fucosylated AFP (L3 fraction) was increased in these hepatoma cell lines after treatment with AR. The total AFP levels were, however, markedly suppressed by AR treatment, and therefore the absolute L3 fraction on the basis of the total AFP present was extremely low. These results demonstrate that AR enhances the conversion of the L1 to the L3 fraction due to the activation of alpha1-6 FucT in human hepatoma cell lines despite clinical outcome with AR treatment and the L3 fraction of AFP. Even though the dramatic decrease in AFP is the limiting factor in the synthesis of the L3 fraction and, therefore, the absolute value of fucosylated AFP is extremely low, the conversion from L1 to L3 as judged by lectin immunoelectrophoresis represents a good marker for the progress of AR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Noda
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Molecular Therapy Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Seki S, Kitada T, Yamada T, Sakaguchi H, Nakatani K, Onoda N, Satake K. Immunohistochemical detection of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, in human chronic cholecystitis. Histopathology 2002; 40:531-5. [PMID: 12047764 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2559.2002.01415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Recent studies suggest that oxidative DNA damage induced during chronic inflammation may play a role in carcinogenesis in some organs. Although gallbladder carcinomas are frequently observed with a background of chronic cholecystitis, little is known about oxidative DNA damage in chronic cholecystitis. The aims of this study were to investigate the expression of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, in normal and chronically inflamed human gallbladder mucosa and compare its expression with clinicopathological findings. METHODS AND RESULTS 8-OHdG expression was immunohistochemically examined using a monoclonal antibody against 8-OHdG in human gallbladder specimens. In normal gallbladder (n=5), no 8-OHdG expression was observed. In contrast, nuclear expression of 8-OHdG was detected in 28 of 31cases (90.3%) in gallbladder epithelial cells with chronic cholecystitis. The positive cells were predominantly observed in the areas of active inflammation with prominent cell infiltration. Quantitative analysis revealed that the number of 8-OHdG+ cells (labelling index) significantly (rs=0.671, P < 0.05) correlated with the degree of the activity of mucosal inflammation, while gender, age, and the presence of gallstones did not influence the index. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative DNA damage is common in chronic cholecystitis, suggesting a possible link between chronic inflammation and gallbladder carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Seki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
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27
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Kato E, Kitada T, Nakamoto C. Anomalous compressibility of N-isopropylacrylamide gels near the volume phase transition temperature. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00059a040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Mizuno Y, Hattori N, Kitada T, Matsumine H, Mori H, Shimura H, Kubo S, Kobayashi H, Asakawa S, Minoshima S, Shimizu N. Familial Parkinson's disease. Alpha-synuclein and parkin. Adv Neurol 2002; 86:13-21. [PMID: 11553970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
We have reviewed recent progress in establishing the function of alpha-synuclein and parkin in relation to nigral degeneration in autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive PD. Mutations of alpha-synuclein (Ala53Thr and Ala30Pro) cause a form of autosomal dominant PD with early onset. Parkin is a novel protein expressed in the cytoplasm, including the terminal regions and Golgi apparatus. Mutations of parkin cause a form of autosomal recessive young-onset PD (ARJP). Both proteins appear to be associated with fast axonal transport. In addition, in sporadic PD, normal alpha-synuclein shows an increased tendency to self-aggregate. Thus, altered axonal transport of presynaptic proteins appears to play a crucial role in neurodegeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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29
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a promutagenic DNA lesion produced by oxygen radicals and is recognized as a useful marker in estimating DNA damage induced by oxidative stress. METHODS Hepatic expression of 8-OHdG was immunohistochemically investigated in control and diseased human livers. RESULTS While no positive immunolabeling for 8-OHdG was observed in control livers, 8-OHdG was widely evident in diseased livers. Nuclear expression of 8-OHdG in the hepatocytes and bile duct cells were found in various forms of chronic hepatitis. 8-OHdG-positive hepatocytes were especially abundant in the periportal area with piecemeal necrosis and prominent cell infiltration. The number of positive hepatocytes significantly increased with the progression of severity of chronic hepatitis activity (r(s)=0.68, P<0.05). In alcoholic liver disease, nuclear expression of 8-OHdG was detected in the hepatocytes in the area of alcoholic hepatitis. Regarding primary biliary cirrhosis, 8-OHdG was preferentially detected in the nuclei of injured bile ducts (11 of 12 cases, 91.7%) and occasionally (2 of 12 cases, 16.7%) in the nuclei of hepatocytes around the bile duct lesions. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that oxidative DNA damage is common in various forms of chronic liver disease suggesting a possible link between chronic inflammation and hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitada
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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30
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Seki S, Sakaguchi H, Kobayashi S, Kitada T, Nakamura K, Yamada R. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in combination with oral anticoagulant for Budd-Chiari syndrome. Hepatogastroenterology 2001; 48:1447-9. [PMID: 11677983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis including hepatic veins. Although transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt or liver transplantation have been considered for Budd-Chiari syndrome, treatment options for patients with complete obstruction of three hepatic veins including the junction with the inferior vena cava are limited. We describe a 27-year-old female, who suffered thrombotic obliteration of hepatic veins including the portion confluent with the inferior vena cava (Budd-Chiari syndrome) associated with marked ascites and liver dysfunction. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt using a Wall-stent (10 mm in diameter) between inferior vena cava and intrahepatic portal vein was performed. Intrastent coagulation and recurrence of thrombosis were prevented by combination therapy with warfarin potassium and ticlopidine hydrochloride. These treatments induced loss of ascites and improvement of liver function, and she has been able to resume daily life. The portosystemic shunt described above in addition to combination therapy with warfarin potassium and ticlopidine hydrochloride appeared to be one of the options for treating Budd-Chiari syndrome associated with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abenoku, 545-8585 Osaka, Japan
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31
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Seki S, Kitada T, Sakaguchi H, Nakatani K, Kamino T, Nakamura K, Yamada R. Cardiac tamponade caused by spontaneous rupture of mediastinal lymph node metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16:702-4. [PMID: 11422629 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02375.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rupture of a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a well-known cause of death in patients with HCC. This report describes a rare case of HCC presenting as cardiac tamponade caused by a spontaneous rupture of mediastinal lymph node metastasis into the pericardial space. A transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of internal thoracic artery successfully controlled the bleeding, and the patient was rescued from cardiac tamponade. Although there was no rebleeding, the patient died from liver failure 2 months later. An autopsy revealed a poorly differentiated HCC in the liver, lung and mediastinal lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
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32
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Wang M, Suzuki T, Kitada T, Asakawa S, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Tanaka K, Mizuno Y, Hattori N. Developmental changes in the expression of parkin and UbcR7, a parkin-interacting and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, in rat brain. J Neurochem 2001; 77:1561-8. [PMID: 11413239 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00372.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkin is a product of the Park2 gene the mutation of which causes autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP) characterized by selective dopaminergic neuronal death and absence of Lewy bodies. Recently we found that parkin is directly linked to the ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome pathway as a Ub-protein ligase (E3) collaborating with a Ub-conjugating enzyme (E2) UbcH7. Here we analysed by in situ hybridization the expression of mRNAs for parkin and UbcR7 (rat orthologue of human UbcH7) in the developing rat brain. Parkin mRNA increased in parallel with neuronal maturation, but was unevenly distributed in various brain regions after four postnatal days. The expression pattern of the UbcR7 mRNA was almost identical to that of the parkin mRNA in all cases examined. Both parkin and UbcR7 mRNAs were distributed in neurones but not glial cells. Our findings indicate that parkin is expressed not only in the substantia nigra, but also uniformly in various brain regions in a development-dependent manner. Co-expression of UbcR7 with parkin suggests that UbcR7 may interact with parkin in vivo for ubiquitination of yet unidentified target protein(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wang
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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33
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Shimizu N, Asakawa S, Minoshima S, Kitada T, Hattori N, Matsumine H, Yokochi M, Yamamura Y, Mizuno Y. PARKIN as a pathogenic gene for autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism. J Neural Transm Suppl 2001:19-30. [PMID: 11128608 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6284-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with complex clinical features. Recently, we idenfied a novel gene named Parkin to be responsible for the pathogenesis of autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP). Various mutations were found in AR-JP patients of Japanese and other ethnic origins, providing a definitive evidence for the Parkin to be a causative gene for AR-JP. The predicted structure of Parkin protein and its mutation provide important clues for studying the functional role of the Parkin protein in leading to selective degeneration of nigral neurons in the brains of AR-JP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shimizu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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34
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Tsuji K, Umeki T, Yokoyama Y, Kitada T, Iwanami Y, Nonaka O, Shimada H, Matsubayashi N, Nishijima A, Nomura M. XAFS study on the sulfidation mechanisms of Co-Mo catalysts supported on activated carbon and alumina: effect of complexing agent. J Synchrotron Radiat 2001; 8:651-653. [PMID: 11512883 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049500018641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2000] [Accepted: 11/24/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) as a complexing agent on the sulfidation mechanisms of Co-Mo catalysts supported on activated carbon and alumina was examined by the XAFS technique. The XAFS results revealed that NTA interacted with Co atoms and formed the Co-NTA interaction, while it showed almost no influence on the local structures around Mo atoms. The Co-NTA interaction suppressed the aggregation of cobalt atoms and the interaction between cobalt and alumina during sulfiding, and consequently promoted the formation of the Co-Mo-S phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsuji
- Cosmo Research Institute, Saitama, Japan.
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35
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Kitada T, Miyoshi E, Noda K, Higashiyama S, Ihara H, Matsuura N, Hayashi N, Kawata S, Matsuzawa Y, Taniguchi N. The addition of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine residues to E-cadherin down-regulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-catenin. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:475-80. [PMID: 11024053 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m006689200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme GnT-III (beta 1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III) catalyzes the addition of a bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residue on glycoproteins. Our previous study described that the transfection of GnT-lll into mouse melanoma cells results in the enhanced expression of E-cadherin, which in turn leads to the suppression of lung metastasis. It has recently been proposed that the phosphorylation of a tyrosine residue of beta-catenin is associated with cell migration. The present study reports on the importance of bisecting GlcNAc residues by GnT-lll on tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-catenin using three types of cancer cell lines. An addition of bisecting GlcNAc residues to E-cadherin leads to an alteration in cell morphology and the localization of beta-catenin after epidermal growth factor stimulation. These changes are the result of a down-regulation in the tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-catenin. In addition, tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-catenin by transfection of constitutively active c-src was suppressed in GnT-III transfectants as well as in the case of epidermal growth factor stimulation. Treatment with tunicamycin abolished any differences in beta-catenin phosphorylation for the mock vis à vis the GnT-lll transfectants. Thus, the addition of a specific N-glycan structure, the bisecting GlcNAc to E-cadherin-beta-catenin complex, down-regulates the intracellular signaling pathway, suggesting its implication in cell motility and the suppression of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitada
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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36
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Kitada T, Seki S, Ikeda K, Nakatani K, Sakaguchi H, Kawada N, Kadoya H, Kaneda K. Clinicopathological characterization of prion: a novel marker of activated human hepatic stellate cells. J Hepatol 2000; 33:751-7. [PMID: 11097483 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(00)80306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We recently demonstrated prion as a new marker for hepatic stellate cell activation in rats. Here, we have examined prion expression in normal and diseased human livers. METHODS Prion expression was examined at protein level by immunohistochemistry and at mRNA level by in situ hybridization. RESULTS While normal livers were negative for prion, all liver specimens but one from patients with chronic liver disease were positively stained. In chronic hepatitis, prion protein expression was found not only in the sinusoidal lining cells within the lobules but also in mesenchymal cells in expanded portal tracts. In alcoholic liver disease, prion-positive cells were found mainly in the areas of alcoholic hepatitis. Immunoelectronmicroscopy revealed that prion-positive cells were activated stellate cells. In situ hybridization demonstrated that the distribution of prion mRNA is similar to that of prion protein. In chronic hepatitis, the number of prion-positive cells correlated with the grade of activity but not with the stage of fibrosis. In alcoholic liver disease, levels of prion protein expression were significantly increased in the presence of alcoholic hepatitis. CONCLUSION Prion as a novel marker of activated stellate cells correlates well with disease activity in human chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitada
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan
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37
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Kitada T, Mizuno Y. [Molecular pathogenesis of familial Parkinson's disease]. Nihon Rinsho 2000; 58:2016-21. [PMID: 11068440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is thought to be caused by an interaction of polygenic predisposition with environmental factors. In contrast, familial parkinsonism is caused by a single gene mutation. Four causative genes, i.e. alpha-synuclein, tau, UCH-L1 and parkin gene, have been already identified during the last three years. Their functions are being investigated from the points of over-production of abnormal proteins or abnormal proteolysis caused by them. Investigating and characterizing these causative genes may help us to explore the molecular mechanism of nigral neuronal cell death in sporadic type as well. In this paper, we review recent progress in molecular structures, pathogenesis, and animal models for these four genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitada
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine
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Seki S, Sakaguchi H, Kitada T, Tamori A, Takeda T, Kawada N, Habu D, Nakatani K, Nishiguchi S, Shiomi S. Outcomes of dysplastic nodules in human cirrhotic liver: a clinicopathological study. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6:3469-73. [PMID: 10999730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The number of dysplastic nodules detected clinically has increased since patients with hepatitis virus-associated cirrhosis, who are at increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), began to undergo regular cancer surveillance. Although it is potentially important to determine which type(s) of nodule may be prone to progress to HCC, outcomes of dysplastic nodules have not been fully investigated. This prompted us to examine the outcomes of dysplastic nodules in cirrhotic patients clinicopathologically. We studied 33 dysplastic nodules of <20 mm in maximum diameter, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy under ultrasonography (US). These nodules were clinically followed, mainly by US examination, for up to 70 months. When the nodules enlarged or exhibited changes on US, they were histologically reexamined by second biopsy. Surprisingly, 15 of the 33 nodules (45.5%) disappeared, 14 nodules (42.4%) remained unchanged, and only 4 nodules (12.1%) progressed to HCC. The latter 4 nodules were all hyperechoic on US and were composed of clear cells with fatty change or small cells with increased nuclear density, and in all 4 patients serum was positive for hepatitis C virus antibody. Univariate analyses revealed that, although not significant, the hyperechoic nodules or nodules with small cell change showed a higher HCC progression rate in comparison with the hypoechoic nodules or the nodules without small cell change. In summary, most of the dysplastic nodules we followed disappeared or remained unchanged, but some progressed to HCC. Hyperechoic nodules in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated cirrhosis, which show small cell change with increased nuclear density, may be prone to progress to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
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Hattori N, Shimura H, Kubo S, Kitada T, Wang M, Asakawa S, Minashima S, Shimizu N, Suzuki T, Tanaka K, Mizuno Y. Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism: a key to understanding nigral degeneration in sporadic Parkinson's disease. Neuropathology 2000; 20 Suppl:S85-90. [PMID: 11037196 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1789.2000.00312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of genetic factors to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is supported by the demonstration of the high concordance in twins studies using positron emission tomography (PET), the increased risk among relatives of PD patients in case-control and family studies, and the existence of familial PD and parkinsonism by single gene defect. Recently several genes have been mapped and/or identified. Alpha-synuclein is involved in a rare dominant form of familial PD with dopa-responsive parkinsonism features and Lewy body-positive pathology. In contrast, parkin is responsible for the autosomal recessive form (AR-JP) of early onset PD with Lewy body-negative pathology. The clinical features of this form include early onset (in the 20s), levodopa-responsive parkinsonism, diurnal fluctuation, and slow progression of the disease. Parkin consists of 12 exons and the estimated size is over 1.5 Mb. To date, variable mutations such as deletions or point mutations resulting in missense and nonsense changes have been reported in AR-JP patients. In addition, the localization of parkin indicates that parkin may be involved in the axonal transport system. More recently we have found that parkin interacts with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 and is functionally linked to the Ub-proteasome pathway as a ubiquitin ligase, E3. These findings fit the characteristics of a lack of Lewy bodies (these are cytoplasmic inclusions that are considered to be a pathological hallmark). Our findings should enhance the exploration of the mechanisms of neuronal death in PD as well as other neurodegenerative disorders of which variable inclusion bodies are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Seki S, Sakaguchi H, Kadoya H, Morikawa H, Habu D, Nishiguchi S, Shiomi S, Kitada T, Kuroki T. Laparoscopic microwave coagulation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Endoscopy 2000; 32:591-7. [PMID: 10935786 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-9014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Several different effective forms of treatment are available, singly or in combination, for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These include surgical resection, transcatheter arterial embolization, percutaneous ethanol injection, and percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy. In this study, we carried out laparoscopic microwave coagulation therapy (LMCT), using laparoscopic microwave electrodes to treat HCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Under local anesthesia, 24 patients with HCCs located on or near the liver surface underwent LMCT under direct laparoscopic vision, with ultrasound guidance. LMCT was performed using microwave electrodes with tips ranging from 15-45 mm in length, and the effectiveness of the treatment was confirmed using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) within two weeks of the LMCT procedure. RESULTS The mean longest axis of the 26 HCC nodules in 24 patients was 20 mm, and that of the coagulated areas including the nodules was 40 mm, with additional therapy being required in two patients. Complete efficacy of the treatment was observed in 21 patients (87.5%), but local recurrences were seen in three of them one year after LMCT. The three-year survival rate was 92%, but the number of patients included in the study was small. Hemostasis was complete, but mild pneumothorax occurred in three patients. CONCLUSIONS LMCT under local anesthesia is a minimally invasive and effective therapy when carried out on a single occasion to treat HCCs located near the liver surface, and it can be safely performed under direct visual guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seki
- Third Dept. of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
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41
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Kitada T, Asakawa S, Minoshima S, Mizuno Y, Shimizu N. Molecular cloning, gene expression, and identification of a splicing variant of the mouse parkin gene. Mamm Genome 2000; 11:417-21. [PMID: 10818204 DOI: 10.1007/s003350010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We have isolated mouse cDNA clones that are homologous to human Parkin gene, which was recently found to be responsible for the pathogenesis of autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP). One of these cDNA clones had the 1,392-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 464 amino acids with presumed molecular weight of 51,615. The amino acid sequence of mouse parkin protein exhibits 83.2% identity to human Parkin protein, including the ubiquitin-like domain at the N-terminus (identity = 89.5%) and the RING finger-like domain at the C-terminus (identity = 90.6%). Two other clones had the 783-bp open reading frame encoding a truncated protein of 261 amino acids without RING finger-like domain. It was proved to be a novel splicing variant by 3'-RACE method. Northern blot analysis revealed that mouse parkin gene is expressed in various tissues including brain, heart, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, and testis. It is notable that mouse parkin gene expression appears evident in 15th day mouse embryo and increases toward the later stage of development. These mouse parkin cDNA clones will be useful for elucidating the essential physiological function of parkin protein in mammals.
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MESH Headings
- Alternative Splicing
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Northern
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Ligases
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Protein Isoforms
- Proteins/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Tissue Distribution
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitada
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kitada T, Asakawa S, Matsumine H, Hattori N, Shimura H, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Mizuno Y. Progress in the clinical and molecular genetics of familial parkinsonism. Neurogenetics 2000; 2:207-18. [PMID: 10983716 DOI: 10.1007/s100489900083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with clinical features resulting from deficiency of dopamine in the nigrostriatal system. Most PD cases are sporadic and the primary cause of the disease is still unknown. Recently, familial PD and parkinsonism have received much attention because these forms of the disease might provide clues to the genetic risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic PD. To date, two causative genes, alpha-synuclein and the parkin gene, have been identified. alpha-Synuclein is involved in the pathogenesis of an autosomal dominant form of PD and constitutes a major component of the Lewy body, which is a pathological hallmark of idiopathic PD. In addition, mutations in the parkin gene have been identified as the cause of autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP). AR-JP manifests itself as a highly selective degeneration of the substantia nigra and the locus coeruleus, but without Lewy body formation. In addition to these two genes, four chromosomal loci have been linked to other forms of familial PD. Furthermore, there are a number of other pedigrees of familial PD in which linkage to known genetic loci has been excluded. Molecular cloning of these disease genes and elucidation of the function of their gene products will greatly contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of idiopathic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kitada
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Onoda N, Kobayashi H, Satake K, Ishikawa T, Maeda K, Chung KH, Kitada T, Seki S, Wakasa K. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the sigmoid colon: report of a case. Surg Today 1999; 29:1079-82. [PMID: 10554334 DOI: 10.1007/s005950050648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the colon is a rare entity; however, this type of tumor is known for its aggressive progression and poor prognosis. A case of a 56-year-old Japanese male is presented in this report. A huge, child's head-sized tumor was found to have grown extraluminally on the sigmoid colon with multiple liver metastases. The tumor measured 16.5 x 15 x 8.2 cm in size and weighed 1 300 g. The patient died of hepatic failure due to massive liver metastases 6 months after operation. The pathological findings including an electron microscopic analysis were correlated with those of neuroendocrine carcinoma. We reviewed the English literature, and analyzed 94 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma which had been reported previously. The nomenclature and definition of this disease still remains somewhat unclear, and not a small population of this disease may thus have been misdiagnosed and treated as other less aggressive entities. The necessity to make an accurate differential diagnosis in such cases is thus emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Onoda
- First Department of Surgery, Institute of Geriatrics and Medical Science, Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno.ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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44
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Seki S, Kitada T, Kawada N, Sakaguchi H, Kadoya H, Nakatani K, Satake K, Kuroki T. Establishment and characteristics of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells with metastasis to lymph nodes. Hepatogastroenterology 1999; 46:2812-7. [PMID: 10576351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Although the mechanism of cancer metastasis has been gradually elucidated, less is known concerning the characteristics of human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) with metastatic potential. We examined the expression of molecules that mediate cell-cell or cell-substrate interaction, nm23-H1 expression, and ultrastructural features of several human HCC cell lines. METHODOLOGY Expression of E-cadherin, integrin (alpha3beta1), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and nm23-H1 protein was analyzed by immunocytochemistry or Western blotting, and ultrastructural features were further studied by electron microscopy in 4 human HCC cell lines, PLC/PRF/5, HuH-7, OCUH-16, and Nuk-1 which were originally established from metastatic cells in lymph nodes at our institute. RESULTS Neither E-cadherin, integrin, nor ICAM-1 was immunocytochemically detected in any of the 4 cell lines. Expression of nm23-H1 protein was weakly detected in OCUH-16, Nuk-1, and Huh-7 cells by Western blotting, but was clearly detected in PLC/PRF/5 cells by Western blotting. Ultrastructurally, metastatic Nuk-1 cells exhibited the intracytoplasmic canaliculus-like structures found in fibrolamellar carcinoma and the intracytoplasmic glandular lumina found in bile-duct carcinoma, while the other 3 cell lines did not. In addition, Nuk-1 cells expressed neither cytokeratin 8 nor cytokeratin 19. CONCLUSIONS Nuk-1 cells, which are human HCC cells with metastasis to lymph nodes, alone exhibited intracytoplasmic canaliculus-like structures and glandular lumina, as well as a marked reduction of nm23-H1 protein, but did not express E-cadherin, integrin, or ICAM-1. Formation of both intracytoplasmic canaliculus-like structures and intracytoplasmic glandular lumina is one of the characteristics that may be involved in metastasis of HCC cells to lymph nodes, as is reduction of nm23-H1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan.
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45
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Masuichi H, Seki S, Kitada T, Kawada N, Sakaguchi H, Nakatani K, Monna T, Kuroki T. Significant role of apoptosis in type-1 autoimmune hepatitis. Osaka City Med J 1999; 45:61-79. [PMID: 10723202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
We used the terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-digoxigenin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method to detect apoptosis, and immunohistochemical staining for molecules related to apoptosis, a marker of cell proliferation, and surface markers of lymphocytes to examine 20 patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Confluent hepatic necrosis was frequently found, in which rosette formation of hepatocytes and ductular proliferation were common. TUNEL staining and staining for Lewis Y antigen, Bax protein, and Fas antigen were found in biliary epithelial cells in bile ducts and proliferating atypical bile ductules in regions of confluent necrosis with severe lymphocytic infiltration. TUNEL staining and staining for Lewis Y antigen and Bax protein were found in rosette-forming hepatocytes. Many hepatocytes in lobules without injury were stained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). bcl-2 oncoprotein was found in many lymphocytes surrounding proliferating atypical bile ductules and rosette-forming hepatocytes in regions of confluent necrosis, in which CD20 and OPD 4 were found. Apoptosis of both hepatocytes in rosette arrangement and biliary epithelial cells in bile ducts and proliferating atypical bile ductules may play a role in progression of AIH as well as confluent hepatic necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Masuichi
- Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan
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46
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Shimura H, Hattori N, Kubo S, Yoshikawa M, Kitada T, Matsumine H, Asakawa S, Minoshima S, Yamamura Y, Shimizu N, Mizuno Y. Immunohistochemical and subcellular localization of Parkin protein: absence of protein in autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism patients. Ann Neurol 1999; 45:668-72. [PMID: 10319893 DOI: 10.1002/1531-8249(199905)45:5<668::aid-ana19>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP) is a distinct clinical entity characterized by a selective degeneration of nigral neurons. Recently, the parkin gene responsible for AR-JP has been identified. Now, we report the subcellular localization of Parkin protein in patients with AR-JP or Parkinson's disease (PD) and in controls by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry using antibodies raised against the Parkin molecule. Parkin protein was absent in all regions of the brains of patients with AR-JP. Parkin protein was not decreased in the brains of sporadic PD patients. Immunoreactivity was detected in a few Lewy bodies. Parkin protein was located in both the Golgi complex and cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shimura
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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47
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Wang M, Hattori N, Matsumine H, Kobayashi T, Yoshino H, Morioka A, Kitada T, Asakawa S, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Mizuno Y. Polymorphism in the parkin gene in sporadic Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1999; 45:655-8. [PMID: 10319889 DOI: 10.1002/1531-8249(199905)45:5<655::aid-ana15>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report polymorphism of the parkin gene in 160 sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and controls. Three polymorphisms were found: a G-to-A transition in exon 4 (S/N167), a C-to-T transition in exon 10 (R/W366), and a G-to-C transition in exon 10 (V/L380). Genotype distributions and allele frequencies of S/N167 and V/L380 did not differ significantly between the two groups. The R/W366 allele frequency was significantly lower in PD patients (1.2 vs 4.4%). The level of protection from PD provided by this allele was 3.60 (95% CI; range, 0.45-6.50), suggesting that it may be a protective factor against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wang
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Miyoshi E, Noda K, Ko JH, Ekuni A, Kitada T, Uozumi N, Ikeda Y, Matsuura N, Sasaki Y, Hayashi N, Hori M, Taniguchi N. Overexpression of alpha1-6 fucosyltransferase in hepatoma cells suppresses intrahepatic metastasis after splenic injection in athymic mice. Cancer Res 1999; 59:2237-43. [PMID: 10232614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Changes in oligosaccharide structures alter the biological functions of cancer cells. Alpha1-6 fucosyltransferase (alpha1-6FucT) catalyzes the transfer of fucose to the innermost GlcNAc in N-glycans. Although alpha1-6FucT is barely detected in normal liver, it is enhanced during rat hepatocarcinogenesis and in human hepatoma. To understand the biological meaning of the alpha1-6FucT in hepatoma, especially in terms of metastasis, we established human hepatoma cell lines, which express high levels of alpha1-6FucT by transfection of the alpha1-6FucT gene and investigated intrahepatic metastasis after splenic injection to athymic mice. Tumor formation in the liver was dramatically suppressed in the alpha1-6FucT transfectants (1 of 9 and 1 of 10 in alpha1-6FucT transfectants versus 6 of 9 and 6 of 9 in controls). Although there were no differences in terms of cell invasiveness to a Matrigel or in terms of cytotoxicity to interleukin 2-treated lymphocytes between alpha1-6FucT transfectants and control cells, cell adhesion to mice hepatocytes and nonparenchymal liver cells in culture was significantly inhibited in alpha1-6FucT transfectants, compared to the controls. Attachment of alpha1-6FucT transfectants to a fibronectin-coated dish was decreased compared to controls because alpha5beta1 integrin was more strongly alpha1-6 fucosylated in the alpha1-6FucT transfectants. Two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by lectin blot showed that certain glycoproteins (Mr 50,000-150,000, pI 4.8-5.5) were alpha1-6 fucosylated and might be linked to suppression of intrahepatic metastasis. This is the first demonstration of the biological significance of alpha1-6 fucosylation on N-glycans in hepatoma cells under in vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Miyoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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49
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Sakai Y, Seki S, Nishiguchi S, Kuroki T, Kitada T, Enomoto M, Satake K, Monna T. Homeless patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Osaka City, Japan. Hepatogastroenterology 1999; 46:1106-10. [PMID: 10370675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Although the number of homeless persons is increasing worldwide, studies delineating the health status of these persons according to various medical perspectives, including hepatology, are limited. However, such studies are important for understanding the pathogenesis of diseases and their prevention. METHODOLOGY Thirty homeless patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 15 with liver cirrhosis (LC) who were admitted to the Osaka Socio Medical center Hospital during the past 6 years were analyzed clinicopathologically. All were from the Airin district of Osaka City. RESULTS The patients with HCC had a history of long stay (mean: 25 years) in the district and many infectious opportunities and most of them were malnourished. The main causes of liver disease in the patients with HCC were hepatitis C virus (HCV) (77%), alcohol abuse (73%), and the combination of HCV and alcohol abuse (50%). Serum HCV RNA concentration was 10(5.8 +/- 0.9) copies/50 microliters in the 21 HCC patients and 10(6.5 +/- 0.7) copies/50 microliters in the 14 LC patients (p < 0.02). Six HCC patients (20%) were positive for the GB virus C/Hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) RNA in association with HCV or hepatitis B virus (HBV). Only 2 patients with HCC underwent the curative operations and most of the HCC cases were in progressed stages. CONCLUSIONS A long stay in a hygiene-poor environment increases the opportunity for infection in homeless people. The causative agents in the HCC and LC patients were mostly HCV, alcohol abuse, and a combination of the two. Since the quantification of HCV-RNA in the HCC patients was lower, the high level of HCV-RNA may not be a risk factor for the development of HCC. GBV-C/HGV may not also. The reversion to former healthy living conditions and reduction in alcohol consumption as soon as possible may contribute to low incidence of HCC and save the tax dollar expenditures among homeless people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sakai
- Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan
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50
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Hattori N, Kitada T, Matsumine H, Asakawa S, Yamamura Y, Yoshino H, Kobayashi T, Yokochi M, Wang M, Yoritaka A, Kondo T, Kuzuhara S, Nakamura S, Shimizu N, Mizuno Y. Molecular genetic analysis of a novel Parkin gene in Japanese families with autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism: evidence for variable homozygous deletions in the Parkin gene in affected individuals. Ann Neurol 1998; 44:935-41. [PMID: 9851438 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410440612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP) is a distinct clinical and genetic entity characterized by selective degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons and young-onset parkinsonism with remarkable response to levodopa. Recently, we mapped the gene locus for AR-JP to chromosome 6q25.2-q27 by linkage analysis and we identified a novel large gene, Parkin, consisting of 12 exons from this region; mutations of this gene were found to be the cause of AR-JP in two families. Now we report results of extensive molecular analysis on 34 affected individuals from 18 unrelated families with AR-JP. We found four different homozygous intragenic deletional mutations, involving exons 3 to 4, exon 3, exon 4, and exon 5 in 10 families (17 affected individuals). In addition to the exonic deletions, we identified a novel one-base deletion involving exon 5 in two families (2 affected individuals). All mutations so far found were deletional types in which large exonic deletion accounted for 50% (17 of 34) and the one-base deletion accounted for 6% (2/34); in the remaining, no homozygous mutations were found in the coding regions. Our findings indicate that loss of function of the Parkin protein results in the clinical phenotype of AR-JP and that subregions between introns 2 and 5 of the Parkin gene are mutational hot spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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