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Masilamani V, Shree RV, Prasad AT, Ramamurthy K, Selvaraju C, Alsaleh WM, Alrebdi TA, Vijmasi T, Thiruvalluvan A, Chandramouleeswaran V. Discriminating Benign and Malignant Brain Tumors By Spectral Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid. JPRI 2022. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2022/v34i49a36425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The preliminary study is concerned with an innovative technique for the discrimination of malignant brain tumor from benign with reasonable sensitivity and specificity. The entire study is based on the relative fluorescence intensity and life-time of bio-fluorophores like tryptophan and tyrosine which are then validated as a set of ratio parameters. Resultantly, it was seen that malignancy was characterized by three-fold enhancement of tyrosine. The picosecond-time resolved decay time measurement was done, which exhibited two-fold decrease in decay time for malignant sample. The improved accessibility, with minimal invasiveness to the patient, and lower cost are encouraging aspects of this technique.
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Dorris K, Mettetal A, Dahl N, Hemenway M, Winzent-Oonk S, Prince E, Vijmasi T, McWilliams J, Jordan K, Mirsky D, Hoffman L, Hankinson T. RARE-32. Phase 0 and feasibility single-institution clinical trial of intravenous tocilizumab for adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9165090 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac079.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a devastating skull-base tumor believed to derive from epithelial remnants of the primordial craniopharyngeal duct (Rathke’s pouch), which gives rise to the anterior pituitary gland. ACP lacks medical antitumor therapies. Current standard therapy with surgery and radiation is associated with poor quality of life. Clinical and preclinical data indicate that IL-6 blockade may contribute to ACP tumor control. METHODS: Children aged 2–21 years with newly diagnosed or previously treated ACP with measurable disease are eligible for the Phase 0/feasibility single-institution clinical trial (NCT03970226) of intravenous (IV) tocilizumab at Children’s Hospital Colorado. The phase I stratum involves IV tocilizumab prior to a standard-of-care surgical resection. The feasibility portion of the trial involves IV tocilizumab every two weeks for up to 13 28-day cycles. Tocilizumab is administered at the established weight-based pediatric dosage of 8 mg/kg for patients who weigh ≥30kg or 12 mg/kg for patients who weigh <30kg. RESULTS: To date, three patients have been enrolled on the Phase 0 component of the trial. These patients demonstrated clinically relevant levels of tocilizumab (≥ 4µg/mL) in serum, cyst fluid, and/or tumor tissue, compared to undetectable levels in control samples. Two patients (1 male and 1 female; median age 10.5 years) have enrolled on the feasibility stratum; one patient had best response of minor response but met definition of progressive disease at cycle 11. One patient with extensive disease required dose reduction for myelosuppression. CONCLUSION: Systemic delivery of tocilizumab at the established pediatric dosage is promising for treatment of ACP based on preclinical work and its demonstrated penetration into cystic and solid portions of ACP tumors. The therapy to date has been well tolerated overall. Further study is planned through a CONNECT consortium international Phase II trial.
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Prince E, Trudeau T, Chatain O, Chee K, Vijmasi T, Staulcup S, Donson A, Foreman N, Hankinson T. RARE-19. NETWORK AND DEEP LEARNING INFERENCE IN SINGLE CELL RNA SEQUENCING REVEAL DETAILED TRANSCRIPTIONAL SIGNATURES CONGRUENT WITH MOLECULAR UNDERSTANDING OF ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8168248 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab090.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a highly morbid, cellularly heterogeneous pediatric tumor arising in the sellar/suprasellar region of the brain. This cellular heterogeneity makes ACP an ideal candidate for study using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). We collected a 10,000 cell scRNA-seq dataset on the 10X v3 platform, from 6 unique patients. Using the industry standard Seurat software package, we identified 34 unique cell clusters. By crossing the results of two separate expert curated cellular reference atlases (Azimuth and scHCL), we determined that 33 of these cell types were immune-related (e.g., T cells, monocytes, etc.) or histologically related (e.g., glial cells). The remaining 2,048 cells were inferred to be ACP driver cells. Rigorous statistical testing of third-generation graph topology-based network enrichment methods utilizing the Reactome database supported this conclusion. In order to identify effective antitumor therapies, it is critical to understand the temporal evolution of tumor cell behavior. Computational solutions that describe the potential lifecycle of tumor cells have been derived using scRNA-seq datasets. Using a well-established method, Monocle3, we generated a potential model of temporal evolution of the ACP driver cell population. To identify a specific transcriptional “point-of-no-return” for ACP driver cells, which may help define a rational target for intervention, we created a custom probabilistic Deep Learning framework in the form of a Convolutional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE). By applying this CVAE to our data, we identified 31 anomalous transcripts, each of which was aberrantly active at all times or demonstrated a temporal pattern of anomalous activity. Strikingly, this small list – representing roughly 0.15% of the protein coding genome – aligns closely with extant data describing the molecular behavior of ACP. This work provides a novel transcriptome benchmark for comparison of in vitromodels, a deeper understanding of ACP heterogeneity, as well as a generalizable approach for scRNA-seq analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Prince
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tammy Trudeau
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Oscar Chatain
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Keanu Chee
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan Staulcup
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Donson
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Prince EW, Hoffman LM, Vijmasi T, Dorris K, McWilliams JA, Jordan KR, Mirsky DM, Hankinson TC. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma associated with a compromised blood–brain barrier: patient series. Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons 2021; 1:CASE2150. [PMID: 35854837 PMCID: PMC9245763 DOI: 10.3171/case2150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a highly morbid adult and pediatric brain tumor derived from epithelial remnants of the craniopharyngeal canal (Rathke’s pouch), which gives rise to the anterior pituitary gland. Standard therapy includes maximal safe resection with or without radiation therapy. Systemic antitumor therapy remains elusive. Immune-related paracrine signaling involving the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) may contribute to ACP pathogenesis. Tocilizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against IL-6R, is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration but does not cross an intact blood–brain barrier. OBSERVATIONS In a phase 0 trial design, a single dose of tocilizumab was delivered intravenously before clinically indicated surgical intervention in 3 children with ACP. The presence of tocilizumab was assayed in plasma, tumor tissue, tumor cyst fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid (n = 1) using a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Tocilizumab reached ACP tumor tissue and/or cyst fluid after one systemic dose in every patient. LESSONS This finding helps explain extant data that indicate tocilizumab may contribute to ACP therapy. It further indicates that ACP does not reside behind an intact blood–brain barrier, dramatically broadening the range of potential antitumor therapies against this tumor. This has substantial implications for the design of future clinical trials for novel therapies against ACP in both children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsey M. Hoffman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona; and
| | | | - Kathleen Dorris
- Pediatrics,
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Denver, Colorado
| | | | | | - David M. Mirsky
- Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Todd C. Hankinson
- Departments of Neurosurgery,
- Pediatrics,
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Denver, Colorado
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Hengartner AC, Prince E, Vijmasi T, Hankinson TC. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: moving toward targeted therapies. Neurosurg Focus 2021; 48:E7. [PMID: 31896087 DOI: 10.3171/2019.10.focus19705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The evolving characterization of the biological basis of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) has provided insights critical for novel systemically delivered therapies. While current treatment strategies for ACP are associated with low mortality rates, patients experience severely lowered quality of life due to high recurrence rates and chronic sequelae, presenting a need for novel effective treatment regimens. The identification of various dysregulated pathways that play roles in the pathogenesis of ACP has prompted the investigation of novel treatment options. Aberrations in the CTNNB1 gene lead to the dysregulation of the Wnt pathway and the accumulation of nuclear β-catenin, which may play a role in tumor invasiveness. While Wnt pathway/β-catenin inhibition may be a promising treatment for ACP, potential off-target effects have limited its use in current intervention strategies. Promising evidence of the therapeutic potential of cystic proinflammatory mediators and immunosuppressants has been translated into clinical therapies, including interleukin 6 and IDO-1 inhibition. The dysregulation of the pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand (PD-1/PD-L1) has led to identification of various therapeutic targets that have shown promise as clinical strategies. The Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway is upregulated in ACP and has been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor growth; however, inhibition of SHH in murine models decreased survival, limiting its therapeutic application. While further preclinical and clinical data are needed, systemically delivered therapies could delay or replace the need for more aggressive definitive treatments. Ongoing preclinical investigations and clinical trials of these prospective pathways promise to advance treatment approaches aimed to increase patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid C Hengartner
- 1Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and
| | - Eric Prince
- 1Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- 1Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and
| | - Todd C Hankinson
- 1Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and.,2Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, Aurora, Colorado
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Prince E, Vijmasi T, McWilliams J, Hengartner A, Staulcup S, Foreman N, Jordan K, Dorris K, Hoffman L, Hankinson T. RARE-10. ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA RESIDES OUTSIDE THE BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715731 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a devastating skull-base tumor believed to derive from epithelial remnants of the primordial craniopharyngeal duct (Rathke’s pouch), which gives rise to the anterior pituitary gland. Genetically engineered mouse models of ACP demonstrate that perturbation of the fetal anterior pituitary can generate tumors analogous to ACP. Clinical and preclinical data indicate that IL-6 blockade may contribute to ACP tumor control, with the most common agent being the humanized monoclonal antibody, tocilizumab. This agent demonstrated poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration in primates. We present findings from two children enrolled on a phase 0 clinical trial (NCT03970226) of a single dose of preoperative intravenous tocilizumab prior to resection of newly diagnosed ACP. METHODS Blood samples were obtained at multiple timepoints. Serum was isolated via ficoll separation. Tumor tissue and cyst fluid were obtained 4–6 hours following the single IV dose of tocilizumab. Tissue was snap-frozen. Tumor was homogenized in RIPA buffer. Free tocilizumab in serum, cyst fluid, and tumor tissue was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against a standard curve. RESULTS Both patients in this trial demonstrated clinically relevant levels of tocilizumab (≥ 4µg/mL) in serum, cyst fluid, and tumor tissue, compared to undetectable levels in control samples. CONCLUSION ACP resides outside BBB protection. In addition to demonstrating the feasibility of systemic delivery of tocilizumab, these findings indicate that other large molecules, including those known to have poor BBB penetration, may be systemically delivered as part of an antitumor regimen in the treatment of ACP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Prince
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kimberly Jordan
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Vijmasi T, Prince E, Hengartner A, Staulcup S, Griesinger A, Donson A, Gilani A, Foreman N, Hankinson T. MODL-24. AN ORGANOTYPIC CHUNK CULTURE TECHNIQUE TO STUDY DISEASE MECHANISM AND DEVELOP TARGETED THERAPEUTICS FOR PEDIATRIC ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715791 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Advances in the treatment of Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma (ACP) face challenges with translation to clinical study due to the absence of robust culture models of the disease. We developed a technique for culturing human ACP tissue in an organotypic chunk culture format that retains the tumor microenvironment for a duration sufficient to evaluate potential targeted therapeutics.
METHODS
Intraoperatively collected tumor tissue from pediatric ACP was cut into volumes of approximately 3 mm3 and rested over a semi-permeable insert placed in the wells of a 6-well plate. Specimens were cultured in (1) Control media, media containing (2) Tocilizumab, (3) Trametinib, and (4) combination of Tocilizumab and Trametinib, for 24 and 96 hours. Specimens were harvested for paraffin embedding, protein and gene expression assays. Supernatants were collected to assay secreted components. Paraffin embedded specimens were sectioned and stained for H&E, Pan-CK, Beta-Catenin, cleaved Caspase-3, Ki-67, and Phospho-ERK.
RESULTS
H&E staining revealed characteristic histologic features of ACP with epithelial cells with palisading nuclei, wet keratin and ghost cells. Tumor sections were markedly positive for epithelial cell markers, Pan-CK and Beta-Catenin. Ki-67 and cleaved Caspase-3 were restricted to a small fraction of cells, indicating low index of proliferation and apoptosis under the culture conditions. The response to drug treatments shall be determined using gene expression assays and evaluation of the secreted components.
CONCLUSION
The organotypic chunk culture technique appears to maintain the viability and integrity of ACP tumors for several days and may serve as an appropriate model for pre-clinical studies to develop targeted therapeutics for pediatric ACP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinka Vijmasi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric Prince
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Astrid Hengartner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan Staulcup
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrea Griesinger
- Deparment of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Donson
- Deparment of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ahmed Gilani
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Foreman
- Deparment of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Todd Hankinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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Vijmasi T, Prince E, Hengartner A, Agwu C, Staulcup S, Pavlova M, Griesinger A, Donson A, Dorris K, Handler M, Hankinson T. RARE-08. CYST FLUID CYTOKINES MAY PROMOTE EPITHELIAL-TO-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN PEDIATRIC ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715255 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Despite poor clinical outcomes, no targeted therapies have been established for the treatment of Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma (ACP). The only known genetic aberration is a mutation in CTNNB1 that results in the nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin. Nuclear beta-catenin is an established inducer of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). ACP cyst fluid is enriched with pro-inflammatory and SASP cytokines, many of which are also directly implicated in EMT. We sought to investigate the role of EMT in ACP pathology.
METHODS
Normal human epithelial cells were cultured and treated with ACP cyst fluid (10%) for 1, 2, 4 and 8 days. Cell morphology was monitored by live cell brightfield microscopy. The expression of EMT associated genes, ZEB1, ZEB2, SNAI-1, SLUG, TWIST, E-Cadherin, Beta-Catenin and Vimentin was determined by RT-qPCR.
RESULTS
ACP cyst fluid treated epithelial cells were markedly transformed into long, spindle-shaped cells. ACP cyst fluid treatment resulted in the progressive up-regulation of ZEB2 over 8 days (RQ=12.0; P<0.01), the progressive up-regulation of SNAI-1 over 4 days (RQ=5.1; P<0.05) and up-regulation of Vimentin (RQ=2.2; p<0.01), identified only on Day 8.
CONCLUSION
ACP cyst fluid can induce EMT-like changes in normal human epithelial cells. In conjunction with the frequency of beta-catenin mutation in ACP, it is possible that EMT plays a crucial role in the pathology of ACP. Understanding ACP pathology in the context of the EMT paradigm may aid the development of new targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinka Vijmasi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric Prince
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Astrid Hengartner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chibueze Agwu
- School of Medicine, Washington University Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan Staulcup
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Maryna Pavlova
- Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrea Griesinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Donson
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kathleen Dorris
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael Handler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Todd Hankinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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Balakrishnan I, Danis E, Pierce A, Madhavan K, Wang D, Dahl N, Bridget S, Birks DK, Davidson N, Metselaar DS, Neel H, Donson A, Griesinger A, Katagi H, Vijmasi T, Sola I, Alimova I, Fosmire S, Hulleman E, Serkova NJ, Hashizume R, Hawkins C, Carcaboso AM, Gupta N, Jones K, Foreman N, Green A, Vibhakar R, Venkataraman S. DIPG-73. SENESCENCE ASSOCIATED SECRETORY PHENOTYPE AS A MECHANISM OF RESISTANCE AND THERAPEUTIC VULNERABILITY IN BMI1 INHIBITOR TREATED DIPG. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715943 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) driven by mutations in the histone 3 (H3) gene (H3K27M) are aggressive pediatric brain tumors for which there is no curative therapy. METHODS To identify novel therapeutic targets we performed a high throughput drug screen combined with an epigenetically targeted RNAi screen using H3K27M and H3.3 WT DIPG cells. RESULTS Chemical and genetic depletion of BMI1 in vitro resulted in inhibition of clonogenicity and cell self-renewal consistent with previous studies. We show for the first time that clinically relevant BMI1 inhibitors attenuates growth of orthotopic DIPG xenografts as measured by MRI and prolong survival in vivo. We found that BMI1 inhibition drives phenotypic cellular senescence and that the senescent cells were able reactivate to form new neurospheres in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. RNA-seq, ChIP-Seq and immuno-proteomic analysis revealed that the senescent cells induced the expression of the Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) cytokines by increasing occupancy of activated histone marks at SASP factor promoters. The SASP results in increased expression of anti-apoptotic BH3 proteins including BCLxl, and BCL2. Treatment of the PTC028 treated senescent DIPG cells with BH3 mimetics induces apoptosis and clears the senescent cells. Combining BH3 mimetics with BMI1 inhibition attenuates tumor growth in vivo synergistically and significantly prolongs survival of DIPG bearing mice compared to BMI1 inhibition alone. CONCLUSION These data inform the current trial of BMI1 inhibition as a monotherapy and predict the need for adding BH3 mimetics to achieve efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilango Balakrishnan
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Etienne Danis
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Angela Pierce
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Krishna Madhavan
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nathan Dahl
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sanford Bridget
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Diane K Birks
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nate Davidson
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dennis S Metselaar
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands and Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hans Neel
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands and Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrew Donson
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrea Griesinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hiroaki Katagi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ismail Sola
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Irina Alimova
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan Fosmire
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands and Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Natalie J Serkova
- Departments of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, Anesthesiology, Colorado Animal Imaging Shared Resource (AISR), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Nalin Gupta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ken Jones
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Foreman
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Adam Green
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajeev Vibhakar
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sujatha Venkataraman
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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Mirsky D, Prince E, Staulcup S, Hengartner A, Vijmasi T, Johnston J, Massimi L, Anderson R, Souweidane M, Naftel R, Limbrick D, Grant G, Niazi T, Dudley R, Kilburn L, Jackson E, Jallo G, Ginn K, Smith A, Chern J, Lee A, Drapeau A, Krieger M, Handler M, Hankinson T. RARE-11. QUANTITATIVE MR IMAGING FEATURES ASSOCIATED WITH UNIQUE TRANSCRIPTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS IN PEDIATRIC ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA: A POTENTIAL GUIDE FOR THERAPY. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715942 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS Through the Advancing Treatment for Pediatric Craniopharyngioma (ATPC) consortium we accumulated preoperative MRIs and tumor RNA for 50 unique ACP patients. MRIs were assessed quantitatively for 28 different features and analyzed using Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) and optimal clustering was determined via maximization of Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). Following bulk RNAseq, differential expression and pathway enrichment were performed using standard methodologies (i.e., DESeq2 and GSEA). RESULTS MRI features were well represented in the first 3 dimensions of MFA (variance explained=67.32%); specifically tumor/cyst size, ventricular size, and cyst fluid diffusivity. Using this three-way axis, we identified 3 patient subgroups. Transcriptional differences between these subgroups indicated one group was enriched for DNA damage response and MYC related pathways, one group enriched for SHH, and one group enriched for WNT/β-catenin and EMT-related pathways. CONCLUSION This preliminary work suggests that there may be unique gene expression variants within ACP, which may be identified preoperatively using easily quantifiable MRI parameters. These radiogenomic signatures could provide prognostic information and/or guidance in the selection of antitumor therapies for children with ACP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Prince
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - James Johnston
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Luca Massimi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mark Souweidane
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Robert Naftel
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David Limbrick
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gerald Grant
- Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital at Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Toba Niazi
- Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Eric Jackson
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - George Jallo
- Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Kevin Ginn
- Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amy Smith
- Arnold Palmer Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Joshua Chern
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amy Lee
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Mark Krieger
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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11
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Hengartner AC, Prince E, Staulcup S, Vijmasi T, Souweidane M, Jackson EM, Johnston JM, Anderson RCE, Naftel RP, Grant G, Niazi TN, Dudley R, Limbrick DD, Ginn K, Smith A, Kilburn L, Jallo G, Wilkening G, Hankinson T. QOL-22. MACHINE-LEARNING INFERENCE MAY PREDICT QUALITY OF LIFE SUBGROUPS OF ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715913 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to disease and/or treatment-related injury, such as hypothalamic, visual, and endocrine damage, quality of life (QoL) scores after childhood-onset Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma (ACP) are among the lowest of all pediatric brain tumors. Decision-making regarding management would be aided by more complete understanding of a patients likely QoL trajectory following intervention. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed caregiver and patient-reported QoL-instruments from the first 50 patients (ages 1–17 years at diagnosis) enrolled in the international Advancing Treatment for Pediatric Craniopharyngioma (ATPC) consortium. Surveys included 205 pediatric-relevant questions and were completed at diagnosis, and 1- and 12-months following diagnosis. Using Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), these categorical QoL surveys were interrogated to identify time-dependent patient subgroups. Additionally, custom deep learning classifiers were developed using Google’s TensorFlow framework. RESULTS By representing QoL data in the reduced dimensionality of MCA-space, we identified QoL subgroups that either improved or declined over time. We assessed differential trends in QoL responses to identify variables that were subgroup specific (Kolmogorov-Smirnov p-value < 0.1; n=20). Additionally, our optimized deep learning classifier achieved a mean 5-fold cross-validation area under precision-recall curve score > 0.99 when classifying QoL subgroups at 12 month follow-up, using only baseline data. CONCLUSIONs This work demonstrates the existence of time-dependent QoL-based ACP subgroups that can be inferred at time-of-diagnosis via machine learning analyses of baseline survey responses. The ability to predict an ACP patient’s QoL trajectory affords caregivers valuable information that can be leveraged to maximize that patient’s psychosocial state and therefore improve overall therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid C Hengartner
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric Prince
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan Staulcup
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark Souweidane
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Neurological Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric M Jackson
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James M Johnston
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Richard C E Anderson
- Columbia University, Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital of NewYork-Presbyterian, Department of Neurosurgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert P Naftel
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Monroe Carell Jr, Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gerald Grant
- Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital at Stanford University, Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Toba N Niazi
- Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Roy Dudley
- McGill University, Department of Neurosurgery, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David D Limbrick
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, St, Louis, MO, USA
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, St, Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kevin Ginn
- Children’s Mercy Hospital, The Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, the Department of Pediatrics, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amy Smith
- Arnold Palmer Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Lindsay Kilburn
- Children’s National Health System, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Washington DC, USA
- Children’s National Health System, Brain Tumor Institute, Washington DC, USA
| | - George Jallo
- Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, Institute of Brain Protection Sciences, St, Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Greta Wilkening
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatric Neuropsychology, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-Neurology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Todd Hankinson
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
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12
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Balakrishnan I, Danis E, Pierce A, Madhavan K, Wang D, Dahl N, Sanford B, Birks DK, Davidson N, Metselaar DS, Meel MH, Lemma R, Donson A, Vijmasi T, Katagi H, Sola I, Fosmire S, Alimova I, Steiner J, Gilani A, Hulleman E, Serkova NJ, Hashizume R, Hawkins C, Carcaboso AM, Gupta N, Monje M, Jabado N, Jones K, Foreman N, Green A, Vibhakar R, Venkataraman S. Senescence Induced by BMI1 Inhibition Is a Therapeutic Vulnerability in H3K27M-Mutant DIPG. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108286. [PMID: 33086074 PMCID: PMC7574900 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an incurable brain tumor of childhood characterized by histone mutations at lysine 27, which results in epigenomic dysregulation. There has been a failure to develop effective treatment for this tumor. Using a combined RNAi and chemical screen targeting epigenomic regulators, we identify the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) component BMI1 as a critical factor for DIPG tumor maintenance in vivo. BMI1 chromatin occupancy is enriched at genes associated with differentiation and tumor suppressors in DIPG cells. Inhibition of BMI1 decreases cell self-renewal and attenuates tumor growth due to induction of senescence. Prolonged BMI1 inhibition induces a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which promotes tumor recurrence. Clearance of senescent cells using BH3 protein mimetics co-operates with BMI1 inhibition to enhance tumor cell killing in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilango Balakrishnan
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Etienne Danis
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Angela Pierce
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Krishna Madhavan
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nathan Dahl
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bridget Sanford
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Diane K Birks
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nate Davidson
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dennis S Metselaar
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht and Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michaël Hananja Meel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht and Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rakeb Lemma
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Donson
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hiroaki Katagi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ismail Sola
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan Fosmire
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Irina Alimova
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jenna Steiner
- Departments of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Anesthesiology, Colorado Animal Imaging Shared Resource (AISR), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ahmed Gilani
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht and Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natalie J Serkova
- Departments of Radiology, Radiation Oncology, and Anesthesiology, Colorado Animal Imaging Shared Resource (AISR), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angel M Carcaboso
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona 08950, Spain
| | - Nalin Gupta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, Pediatrics, and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Kenneth Jones
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Foreman
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Adam Green
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajeev Vibhakar
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Sujatha Venkataraman
- Department of Pediatrics and Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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13
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Prince E, Whelan R, Donson A, Staulcup S, Hengartner A, Vijmasi T, Agwu C, Lillehei KO, Foreman NK, Johnston JM, Massimi L, Anderson RCE, Souweidane MM, Naftel RP, Limbrick DD, Grant G, Niazi TN, Dudley R, Kilburn L, Jackson EM, Jallo GI, Ginn K, Smith A, Chern JJ, Lee A, Drapeau A, Krieger MD, Handler MH, Hankinson TC. Transcriptional analyses of adult and pediatric adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma reveals similar expression signatures regarding potential therapeutic targets. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:68. [PMID: 32404202 PMCID: PMC7222517 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a biologically benign but clinically aggressive lesion that has a significant impact on quality of life. The incidence of the disease has a bimodal distribution, with peaks occurring in children and older adults. Our group previously published the results of a transcriptome analysis of pediatric ACPs that identified several genes that were consistently overexpressed relative to other pediatric brain tumors and normal tissue. We now present the results of a transcriptome analysis comparing pediatric to adult ACP to identify biological differences between these groups that may provide novel therapeutic insights or support the assertion that potential therapies identified through the study of pediatric ACP may also have a role in adult ACP. Using our compiled transcriptome dataset of 27 pediatric and 9 adult ACPs, obtained through the Advancing Treatment for Pediatric Craniopharyngioma Consortium, we interrogated potential age-related transcriptional differences using several rigorous mathematical analyses. These included: canonical differential expression analysis; divisive, agglomerative, and probabilistic based hierarchical clustering; information theory based characterizations; and the deep learning approach, HD Spot. Our work indicates that there is no therapeutically relevant difference in ACP gene expression based on age. As such, potential therapeutic targets identified in pediatric ACP are also likely to have relvance for adult patients.
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14
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Prince E, Whelan R, Vijmasi T, Staulcup S, Klimo P, Mirsky D, Stence N, Hankinson T. THER-19. MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TO TUMOR DIAGNOSIS USING SMALL DATASETS: PROOF OF PRINCIPLE USING PEDIATRIC ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz036.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Prince
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ros Whelan
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Paul Klimo
- St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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15
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Grob S, Donson A, Prince E, Vijmasi T, Foreman N, Dahl N, Vibhakar R, Mirsky D, Hankinson T, Levy JM. THER-33. TOCILIZUMAB AS A POTENTIAL NOVEL THERAPY IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz036.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Grob
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Donson
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric Prince
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Foreman
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nathan Dahl
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajeev Vibhakar
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David Mirsky
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Radiology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Todd Hankinson
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Neurosurgery, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jean Mulcahy Levy
- University of Colorado and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, CO, USA
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
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16
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Vijmasi T, Prince E, Whelan R, Griesinger A, Donson A, Staulcup S, Hoffman L, Foreman N, Handler M, Hankinson T. IMMU-11. RESPONSE OF T-CELLS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA CYST FLUID. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz036.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Trinka Vijmasi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric Prince
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ros Whelan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrea Griesinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Donson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan Staulcup
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lindsay Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Foreman
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael Handler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Todd Hankinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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17
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Prince E, Whelan R, Vijmasi T, Donson A, Staulcup S, Lillehei K, Foreman N, Johnston J, Massimi L, Handler M, Hankinson T. BIOL-03. TRANSCRIPTIONAL ANALYSIS OF ADULT AND PEDIATRIC CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA REVEALS SIMILAR EXPRESSION SIGNATURES REGARDING POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz036.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Prince
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ros Whelan
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Lillehei
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Luca Massimi
- Institute of Neurosurgery, A, Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
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18
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Khoury L, Chang E, Hill D, Shams S, Sim V, Panzo M, Vijmasi T, Cohn S. Management of Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Fractures: Is MRI Necessary in Patients without Neurological Deficits? Am Surg 2019; 85:306-311. [PMID: 30947780 DOI: 10.1177/000313481908500338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
MRI after a CT scan for thoracolumbar spine (TLS) trauma has become commonplace because of the concerns for detection of posterior ligamentous complex injuries in the absence of substantial scientific evidence to support its use. We hypothesized that MRI scans were not necessary in the clinical management of TLS fractures. A prospective study was conducted at our Level I trauma center. A total of 39 neurologically intact patients with TLS fracture on CT were enrolled. The patients' CT scan and neurological examination were reviewed by a senior neurosurgeon, who determined clinical management based on these data. Assessment was repeated after an MRI of the spine was performed, and a second clinical plan was devised. The two treatment schemes were then compared. MRI resulted in a change in clinical management in 15 per cent of patients. Ten per cent of patients changed from requiring a brace to no brace and merely observation alone. In no patient planned for nonoperative care was surgery deemed necessary after completion of MRI. Among five patients with initial plans for operative intervention, two avoided surgery after the MRI. MRI has little impact on the management of patients with CT-proven thoracic and lumbar spine fractures. Only when surgery is planned based on CT studies does an MRI seem to assist with determining optimal care.
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Vijmasi T, Chen FYT, Balasubbu S, Gallup M, McKown RL, Laurie GW, McNamara NA. Topical administration of lacritin is a novel therapy for aqueous-deficient dry eye disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55:5401-9. [PMID: 25034600 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Lacritin is a tear glycoprotein with prosecretory, prosurvival, and mitogenic properties. We examined lacritin levels in the tears of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients and explored the therapeutic potential of topical lacritin for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. METHODS Tears from healthy controls (n = 14) and SS patients (n = 15) were assayed for lacritin using a C-terminal antibody. In a paired-eye study, autoimmune regulator (Aire) knockout (KO) mice (n = 7) were treated three times daily for 21 days with 10 μL of 4 μM lacritin (left eye) or vehicle (PBS) control (right eye). Tear secretion and ocular surface integrity were assessed at baseline and after treatment. Immunohistochemical staining of CD4+ T cells, cytokeratin-10 (K10), and cytokeratin-12 (K12) expression in the cornea and CD4+ T cell infiltration in the lacrimal glands were assessed. RESULTS Lacritin monomer (421.8 ± 65.3 ng [SS] vs. 655.8 ± 118.9 ng [controls]; P = 0.05) and C-terminal fragment protein (125 ± 34.1 ng [SS] vs. 399.5 ± 84.3 ng [controls]; P = 0.008) per 100 μL of tear eluate were significantly lower in SS patients. In Aire KO mice treated with lacritin, tear secretion increased by 46% (13.0 ± 3.5 mm vs. 8.9 ± 2.9 mm; P = 0.01) and lissamine green staining score significantly decreased relative to baseline (-0.417 ± 0.06 vs. 0.125 ± 0.07; P = 0.02). Expression of K10 but not K12 in the cornea was significantly decreased in lacritin-treated eyes. Focal CD4+ T cell infiltration of the lacrimal glands was significantly reduced on the lacritin-treated side versus the untreated side. CONCLUSIONS Lacritin is significantly reduced in the tears of SS patients. Topically administered lacritin has therapeutic potential for the treatment of aqueous-deficient dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinka Vijmasi
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Feeling Y T Chen
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Suganthalakshmi Balasubbu
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Marianne Gallup
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Robert L McKown
- Department of Integrated Science and Technology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Gordon W Laurie
- Departments of Cell Biology and Ophthalmology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Nancy A McNamara
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States Departments of Anatomy and Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States School of Optometry and Vision Science Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States
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Chen YT, Chen FYT, Vijmasi T, Stephens DN, Gallup M, McNamara NA. Pax6 downregulation mediates abnormal lineage commitment of the ocular surface epithelium in aqueous-deficient dry eye disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77286. [PMID: 24143217 PMCID: PMC3797128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinizing squamous metaplasia (SQM) of the ocular surface is a blinding consequence of systemic autoimmune disease and there is no cure. Ocular SQM is traditionally viewed as an adaptive tissue response during chronic keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) that provokes pathological keratinization of the corneal epithelium and fibrosis of the corneal stroma. Recently, we established the autoimmune regulator-knockout (Aire KO) mouse as a model of autoimmune KCS and identified an essential role for autoreactive CD4+ T cells in SQM pathogenesis. In subsequent studies, we noted the down-regulation of paired box gene 6 (Pax6) in both human patients with chronic KCS associated with Sjögren’s syndrome and Aire KO mice. Pax6 encodes a pleiotropic transcription factor guiding eye morphogenesis during development. While the postnatal function of Pax6 is largely unknown, we hypothesized that its role in maintaining ocular surface homeostasis was disrupted in the inflamed eye and that loss of Pax6 played a functional role in the initiation and progression of SQM. Adoptive transfer of autoreactive T cells from Aire KO mice to immunodeficient recipients confirmed CD4+ T cells as the principal downstream effectors promoting Pax6 downregulation in Aire KO mice. CD4+ T cells required local signaling via Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R1) to provoke Pax6 loss, which prompted a switch from corneal-specific cytokeratin, CK12, to epidermal-specific CK10. The functional role of Pax6 loss in SQM pathogenesis was indicated by the reversal of SQM and restoration of ocular surface homeostasis following forced expression of Pax6 in corneal epithelial cells using adenovirus. Thus, tissue-restricted restoration of Pax6 prevented aberrant epidermal-lineage commitment suggesting adjuvant Pax6 gene therapy may represent a novel therapeutic approach to prevent SQM in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ting Chen
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Feeling Y. T. Chen
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Denise N. Stephens
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Marianne Gallup
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Nancy A. McNamara
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Departments of Anatomy and Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- School of Optometry and Vision Science Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Vijmasi T, Chen FYT, Chen YT, Gallup M, McNamara N. Topical administration of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist as a therapy for aqueous-deficient dry eye in autoimmune disease. Mol Vis 2013; 19:1957-65. [PMID: 24068863 PMCID: PMC3782366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dry eye is commonly associated with autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome (SS), in which exocrinopathy of the lacrimal gland leads to aqueous tear deficiency and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). KCS is among the most common and debilitating clinical manifestations of SS that is often recalcitrant to therapy. We established mice deficient in the autoimmune regulator (Aire) gene as a model for autoimmune-mediated aqueous-deficient dry eye. In Aire-deficient mice, CD4+ T cells represent the main effector cells and local signaling via the interleukin-1 (IL-1/IL-1R1) pathway provides an essential link between autoreactive CD4+ T cells and ocular surface disease. In the current study, we evaluated the efficacy of topical administration of IL-1R1 antagonist (IL-1RA) anakinra in alleviating ocular surface damage resulting from aqueous-deficient dry eye in the setting of autoimmune disease. METHODS We compared the effect of commercially available IL-1R1 antagonist, anakinra (50 μg/mL concentration) to that of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) vehicle control as a treatment for dry eye. Age-matched, Aire-deficient mice were treated three times daily with anakinra or CMC vehicle for 14 days using side-by-side (n = 4 mice/group) and paired-eye (n = 5) comparisons. We assessed (1) ocular surface damage with lissamine green staining; (2) tear secretion with wetting of phenol-red threads; (3) goblet cell (GC) mucin glycosylation with lectin histochemistry; (4) immune cell infiltration using anti-F4/80, CD11c, and CD4 T cell antibodies; and (5) gene expression of cornified envelope protein, Small Proline-Rich Protein-1B (SPRR1B) with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Aire-deficient mice treated with anakinra experienced significant improvements in ocular surface integrity and tear secretion. After 7 days of treatment, lissamine green staining decreased in eyes treated with anakinra compared to an equivalent increase in staining following treatment with CMC vehicle alone. By day 14, lissamine green staining in anakinra-treated eyes remained stable while eyes treated with CMC vehicle continued to worsen. Accordingly, there was a progressive decline in tear secretion in eyes treated with the CMC vehicle compared to a progressive increase in the anakinra-treated eyes over the 2-week treatment period. Aberrant acidification of GC mucins and pathological keratinization of the ocular surface were significantly reduced in anakinra-treated eyes. Significantly fewer Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin positive goblet cells were noted in the conjunctiva of anakinra-treated eyes with a corresponding decrease in the expression of the pathological keratinization marker, SPRR1B. Finally, there was a downward trend in the infiltration of each immune cell type following anakinra treatment, but the cell counts compared to eyes treated with the vehicle alone were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS IL-1R antagonist, anakinra, demonstrates therapeutic benefits as a topical treatment for aqueous-deficient dry eye in a spontaneous mouse model of autoimmune KCS that mimics the clinical characteristics of SS. Targeting the IL-1/IL-1R1 signaling pathway through topical administration of IL-1RA may provide a novel option to improve ocular surface integrity, increase tear secretion, and restore the normal glycosylation pattern of GC mucins in patients with SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinka Vijmasi
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Rm. 1349, San Francisco, CA
| | - Feeling YT Chen
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Rm. 1349, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ying Ting Chen
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Rm. 1349, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marianne Gallup
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Rm. 1349, San Francisco, CA
| | - Nancy McNamara
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Rm. 1349, San Francisco, CA,Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
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Chen Y, Chen F, Lazarev S, Bahrami AF, Noble LB, Vijmasi T, McNamara N. CD4+ T cells remodel inflammatory ocular surface by disrupting stem cell quiescency and oscillating rhythm. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Masilamani V, Alsalhi MS, Vijmasi T, Govindarajan K, Rathan Rai R, Atif M, Prasad S, Aldwayyan AS. Fluorescence spectra of blood and urine for cervical cancer detection. J Biomed Opt 2012; 17:98001-1. [PMID: 23085927 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.9.098001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, the fluorescence emission spectra (FES) and Stokes shift spectra (SSS) of blood and urine samples of cervical cancer patients were obtained and compared to those of normal controls. Both spectra showed that the relative intensity of biomolecules such as porphyrin, collagen, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and flavin were quite out of proportion in cervical cancer patients. The biochemical mechanism for the elevation of these fluorophores is not yet definitive; nevertheless, these biomolecules could serve as tumor markers for diagnosis, screening, and follow-up of cervical cancers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on FES and SSS of blood and urine of cervical cancer patients to give a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 78%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadivel Masilamani
- King Saud University, College Of Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Zhou D, Chen YT, Chen F, Gallup M, Vijmasi T, Bahrami AF, Noble LB, van Rooijen N, McNamara NA. Critical involvement of macrophage infiltration in the development of Sjögren's syndrome-associated dry eye. Am J Pathol 2012; 181:753-60. [PMID: 22770665 PMCID: PMC3432423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocytic infiltration of the lacrimal gland and ocular surface in autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome (SS) causes an aqueous-deficient dry eye that is associated with significant morbidity. Previous studies from our laboratory and others have established autoimmune regulator (Aire)-deficient mice as a useful model to examine exocrinopathy and ocular surface disease associated with SS. Consistent with human SS, autoreactive CD4(+) T cells play an indispensible role in the development of exocrine and ocular surface disease in Aire knockout mice. We report that in addition to CD4(+) T cells, a large number of macrophages infiltrate the corneal stroma, limbus, and lacrimal glands of diseased mice. Adoptive transfer of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells from Aire knockout mice led to local infiltration of macrophages and ocular surface damage in immunodeficient recipients. Depletion of local macrophages, through subconjunctival injection of clodronate liposome, attenuated lissamine green staining and improved ocular phenotype. Alternatively, systemic depletion of macrophages had no effect on ocular phenotype but led to significant improvements in lacrimal gland exocrinopathy and tear secretion. Our results suggested that autoreactive CD4(+) T cells provoked macrophage infiltration to the eye and lacrimal gland, where they played a functional role in directing the development of autoimmune dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delu Zhou
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ying-Ting Chen
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Feeling Chen
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Marianne Gallup
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ahmad F. Bahrami
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Lisa B. Noble
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Nico van Rooijen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nancy A. McNamara
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco
- Departments of Anatomy and Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco
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Chen YT, Chen FY, Vijmasi T, Lazarev S, Gallup M, McNamara NA. Immunopathogenesis of stem cells in autoimmune‐mediated keratinizing squamous metaplasia of the ocular surface mucosa. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1034.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Al-Salhi M, Masilamani V, Vijmasi T, Al-Nachawati H, VijayaRaghavan AP. Lung cancer detection by native fluorescence spectra of body fluids--a preliminary study. J Fluoresc 2010; 21:637-45. [PMID: 20957416 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-010-0751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer takes a heavy toll every year, since the survival rate is not more than 15%. In this paper, we present results of a novel technique based on the autofluorescence of body fluids like blood plasma, acetone extract of cellular components, sputa and urine of lung cancer patients (N=27). A set of ratio parameters based on the fluorescence peaks of tryptophan and elastin, in plasma and sputum; flavin, NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and porphyrin in urine; porphyrin alone in acetone extract of formed elements, were all evaluated. Similar sets of ratios were obtained for age adjusted normal controls (N=27) and all these ratios were given as inputs to multivariate (principle component and discriminant) analyses, which showed that the two groups could be classified with an accuracy of about 90%. Since the instrumentation involved was an ordinary steady state Xe lamp based spectrofluorometer, the technique is of significant advantage in screening and early detection of lung cancer in high risk population such as heavy smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al-Salhi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Masilamani V, Vijmasi T, Al Salhi M, Govindaraj K, Vijaya-Raghavan AP, Antonisamy B. Cancer detection by native fluorescence of urine. J Biomed Opt 2010; 15:057003. [PMID: 21054119 DOI: 10.1117/1.3486553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Because cancer is a dreaded disease, a number of techniques such as biomarker evaluation, mammograms, colposcopy, and computed tomography scan are currently employed for early diagnosis. Many of these are specific to a particular site, invasive, and often expensive. Hence, there is a definite need for a simple, generic, noninvasive protocol for cancer detection, comparable to blood and urine tests for diabetes. Our objective is to show the results of a novel study in the diagnosis of several cancer types from the native or intrinsic fluorescence of urine. We use fluorescence emission spectra (FES) and stokes shift spectra (SSS) to analyze the native fluorescence of the first voided urine samples of healthy controls (N=100) and those of cancer patients (N=50) of different etiology. We show that flavoproteins and porphyrins released into urine can act as generic biomarkers of cancer with a specificity of 92%, a sensitivity of 76%, and an overall accuracy of 86.7%. We employ FES and SSS for rapid and cost-effective quantification of certain intrinsic biomarkers in urine for screening and diagnosis of most common cancer types with an overall accuracy of 86.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadivel Masilamani
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Physics, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 11451.
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