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Perrett T, Johnson DL, Song J, van de Pol S, Dahlman DA, Rademacher RD, Hannon SJ, Booker CW. A retrospective analysis of feedlot morbidity and mortality outcomes in calves born to dams with known viral vaccination history. Can Vet J 2018; 59:779-782. [PMID: 30026627 PMCID: PMC6005078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This retrospective analysis aimed to determine the effects of a maternal viral vaccination program (MVVP; Express Verified) on calf health during the feeding period. In low- and high-risk populations, calves born to dams vaccinated pre-breeding with program products had improved morbidity and mortality outcomes compared with non-program animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tye Perrett
- Feedlot Health Management Services, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2
| | | | - Jiming Song
- Feedlot Health Management Services, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2
| | | | - Devin A Dahlman
- Feedlot Health Management Services, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2
| | | | - Sherry J Hannon
- Feedlot Health Management Services, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2
| | - Calvin W Booker
- Feedlot Health Management Services, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2
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Paetsch C, Fenton K, Perrett T, Janzen E, Clark T, Shearer J, Jelinski M. Prospective case-control study of toe tip necrosis syndrome (TTNS) in western Canadian feedlot cattle. Can Vet J 2017; 58:247-254. [PMID: 28246411 PMCID: PMC5302198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A case-control study was conducted to investigate potential risk factors for toe tip necrosis syndrome (TTNS) in western Canadian feedlot cattle. Feedlot veterinarians provided hooves from 222 animals that died of either TTNS ("cases") or from all other causes ("controls"). The claws were sectioned by researchers to confirm the diagnoses; there was very good agreement between the practitioners' field diagnosis and that of the researchers (Cohen's kappa = 0.81; P < 0.001). The sole thickness of the apical white line region was thinner (P < 0.001) in the cases (3.74 mm) than the controls (4.72 mm). Claws from cases were 5.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5 to 8.6; P < 0.001] and 7.3 times (95% CI: 1.5 to 69.3; P < 0.01) more likely than those of controls to yield a heavy growth of Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes, respectively. Cases were 4.4 times (95% CI: 4.4 to 22.9; P < 0.001) more likely to be acutely/transiently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus than were controls. The findings support the hypothesis that TTNS is initiated by excessive wear along the white line, leading to separation and bacterial colonization of the 3rd phalangeal bone (P3) and associated soft tissues.
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Portakal Z, Phillips J, Shermer S, Richards C, Spezi E, Garcia L, Perrett T, Lewis D, Tuncel N. Creating a tissue mimicking phantom appropriate for relaxometry, diffusion imaging and ultrasound elastography. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Jelinski M, Fenton K, Perrett T, Paetsch C. Epidemiology of toe tip necrosis syndrome (TTNS) of North American feedlot cattle. Can Vet J 2016; 57:829-834. [PMID: 27493280 PMCID: PMC4944558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toe Tip Necrosis Syndrome (TTNS) is predominantly a hind limb lameness of feedlot cattle that develops early in the feeding period. Retrospective analyses of feedlot health records were conducted in order to describe the epidemiology of the disease at the level of the individual animal, lot, and feedyard. Analysis of 1904 lots (cohorts of > 100 head) of cattle, from 48 feedyards, found that TTNS occurred sporadically, but clustered by both lots and feedyards. Only 3.8% of lots had ≥ 1 case of TTNS; however, 26.4% of these lots were associated with 1 feedyard. Analysis of 702 cases of TTNS found that the disease clusters early in the feeding period; the mean (median; range) number of days on feed at death was 42.3 d (27.0 d; 4 to 302 d). The disease occurred in all months of the year and affected calves, yearlings, steers, and heifers. It was equivocal as to whether the source of the animals was associated with how quickly they died of TTNS in the feedyard.
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Portakal Z, Phillips J, Richards C, Spezi E, Perrett T, Lewis D, Yegingil Z. EP-1878: Feasibility of gel phantoms in MRI for the assessment of kurtosis for prostate brachytherapy. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)33129-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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White BJ, Goehl DR, Amrine DE, Booker C, Wildman B, Perrett T. Bayesian evaluation of clinical diagnostic test characteristics of visual observations and remote monitoring to diagnose bovine respiratory disease in beef calves. Prev Vet Med 2016; 126:74-80. [PMID: 26879058 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in beef cattle is a critical facet of therapeutic programs through promotion of prompt treatment of diseased calves in concert with judicious use of antimicrobials. Despite the known inaccuracies, visual observation (VO) of clinical signs is the conventional diagnostic modality for BRD diagnosis. Objective methods of remotely monitoring cattle wellness could improve diagnostic accuracy; however, little information exists describing the accuracy of this method compared to traditional techniques. The objective of this research is to employ Bayesian methodology to elicit diagnostic characteristics of conventional VO compared to remote early disease identification (REDI) to diagnose BRD. Data from previous literature on the accuracy of VO were combined with trial data consisting of direct comparison between VO and REDI for BRD in two populations. No true gold standard diagnostic test exists for BRD; therefore, estimates of diagnostic characteristics of each test were generated using Bayesian latent class analysis. Results indicate a 90.0% probability that the sensitivity of REDI (median 81.3%; 95% probability interval [PI]: 55.5, 95.8) was higher than VO sensitivity (64.5%; PI: 57.9, 70.8). The specificity of REDI (median 92.9%; PI: 88.2, 96.9) was also higher compared to VO (median 69.1%; PI: 66.3, 71.8). The differences in sensitivity and specificity resulted in REDI exhibiting higher positive and negative predictive values in both high (41.3%) and low (2.6%) prevalence situations. This research illustrates the potential of remote cattle monitoring to augment conventional methods of BRD diagnosis resulting in more accurate identification of diseased cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad J White
- Precision Animal Solutions, Manhattan, KS 66503, United States; Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
| | - Dan R Goehl
- Precision Animal Solutions, Manhattan, KS 66503, United States
| | - David E Amrine
- Adams Land and Cattle Company, Broken Bow, NE 68822, United States
| | - Calvin Booker
- Feedlot Health Management Services, Okotoks, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brian Wildman
- Feedlot Health Management Services, Okotoks, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tye Perrett
- Feedlot Health Management Services, Okotoks, Alberta, Canada
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Abutarbush SM, Pollock CM, Wildman BK, Perrett T, Schunicht OC, Fenton RK, Hannon SJ, Vogstad AR, Jim GK, Booker CW. Evaluation of the diagnostic and prognostic utility of ultrasonography at first diagnosis of presumptive bovine respiratory disease. Can J Vet Res 2012; 76:23-32. [PMID: 22754091 PMCID: PMC3244284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This project investigated the use of ultrasonography at first diagnosis of presumptive early bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in feedlot cattle from western Canada. One hundred seventy-four cattle (116 cases and 58 controls) at high risk of developing BRD were enrolled in a prospective longitudinal study over 2 y (2006-2007). Cattle with clinical signs relating to the respiratory system and assessed as sick at the time of feedlot arrival (arrival fever cases) or assessed as sick in the pen 3 to 30 d post-arrival (post-arrival fever cases, post-arrival no fevers cases) were eligible for enrollment. Control animals were identified at the time of case enrollments. Ultrasonography was done using a 3.5 sector transducer at enrollment and at 2, 4, and 6 wk post-enrollment. Lung lesions were identified at least 1 time over the course of the trial in 32/116 (28%) cases and 9/58 (16%) controls. At enrollment, lung lesions were identified in 20/115 (17%) cases and 2/55 (4%) controls (data unreadable n = 4). Post-arrival fever cases (14/48) were the most likely to have a lesion identified using ultrasound. In arrival fever cases, average daily gain (enrollment to last ultrasound, average 34 d) was improved (P = 0.007) in cattle identified with a lesion at enrollment using ultrasound compared with those not identified with a lesion at that time, potentially demonstrating the effects of gut fill at arrival weighing, as these sicker animals may have eaten less prior to arrival and, therefore, had more room for improvement in weight over time due to restoration of normal gut fill. None of the ultrasound time points explored (enrollment, 2, 4, or 6 wk post-enrollment) were associated with the animal health outcomes of interest (subsequent treatment, chronicity, wastage, or mortality) for cattle enrolled at arrival or post-arrival.Ultrasonography using a 3.5 sector transducer was not particularly effective as a prognostic/diagnostic tool for early detection of BRD, but may be useful in targeted populations of animals with respiratory disease of longer duration (such as chronic pens).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameeh M Abutarbush
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
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Stephens T, Stanford K, Rode L, Booker C, Vogstad A, Schunicht O, Jim G, Wildman B, Perrett T, McAllister T. Effect of a direct-fed microbial on animal performance, carcass characteristics and the shedding of Escherichia coli O157 by feedlot cattle. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hannon SJ, Perrett T, Wildman BK, Schunicht OC, Vogstad AR, Fenton RK, Borciaga-Robles LO, Pollock CM, Jim GK, Berg J, Booker CW. Efficacy of a florfenicol-flunixin meglumine combination product versus tulathromycin or ceftiofur crystalline free acid for the treatment of undifferentiated fever in feedlot calves. Vet Ther 2009; 10:E1-E18. [PMID: 20425733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this field trial, a new combination product containing florfenicol and flunixin meglumine (FLOR-FM) was compared with commercially available products that contained only tulathromycin (TULA) or ceftiofur crystalline free acid (CCFA) for the treatment of undifferentiated fever (UF; rectal temperature >/=105.0 degrees F) in beef calves that received long-acting oxytetracycline at feedlot arrival. The overall mortality rate of the FLOR FM group (2.0%) was significantly (P less than .050) lower than the rates in the TULA and CCFA groups (10.0% and 20.0%, respectively; 50 animals/group), even though the first UF relapse rate of the FLOR FM group was significantly (P less than .050) higher than that of the TULA group. In the FLOR FM group, this resulted in per-animal economic advantages of Can$46.23 (versus TULA) and Can$108.77 (versus CCFA) based on equal costs for initial UF therapy. These results demonstrate that it is more cost-effective to administer FLOR FM than TULA or CCFA for initial UF therapy in feedlot calves at high risk for bovine respiratory disease that receive metaphylactic long-acting oxytetracycline at feedlot arrival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry J Hannon
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., Okotoks, Alberta, Canada
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Wildman BK, Perrett T, Abutarbush SM, Guichon PT, Pittman TJ, Booker CW, Schunicht OC, Fenton RK, Jim GK. A comparison of 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever/bovine respiratory disease. Can Vet J 2008; 49:463-72. [PMID: 18512457 PMCID: PMC2359490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever (UF)/bovine respiratory disease (BRD). At feedlot arrival, 3882 calves were enrolled in the study and randomly allocated to 2 groups, which were housed by group in 12 pens. At the time of allocation, 1 group (MLV3-BT2) received a multivalent, modified-live viral vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) and types I and II bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), as well as a Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) and Pasteurella multocida bacterin-toxoid. The other group (MLV4-BT1) received a vaccine containing IIBRV, type I BVDV, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza-3 virus, as well as a MH bacterin-toxoid. At an average of 69 days post arrival, the groups received their respective viral vaccines. The initial UF treatment, overall chronicity, overall wastage, overall mortality, and BRD mortality rates were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the MLV3-BT2 group than in the MLV4-BT1 group. Average daily gain and the proportions of yield grade Canada 3 and quality grade E carcasses were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the MLV3-BT2 group than in the MLV4-BT1 group. No significant (P > or = 0.05) difference in the dry matter intake to gain ratio was detected between the 2 groups. In economic terms, there was a net advantage of $20.86 CDN/animal in the MLV3-BT2 group. This study demonstrates that it is more cost effective to use an MLV3-BT2 vaccination program than a MLV4-BT1 vaccination program in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing UF/BRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian K. Wildman
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
| | - Tye Perrett
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
| | - Sameeh M. Abutarbush
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
| | - P. Timothy Guichon
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
| | - Tom J. Pittman
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
| | - Calvin W. Booker
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
| | - Oliver C. Schunicht
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
| | - R. Kent Fenton
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
| | - G. Kee Jim
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2 (Wildman, Perrett, Guichon, Pittman, Booker, Schunicht, Fenton, Jim); Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan, 22110 (Abutarbush)
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Booker CW, Abutarbush SM, Morley PS, Jim GK, Pittman TJ, Schunicht OC, Perrett T, Wildman BK, Fenton RK, Guichon PT, Janzen ED. Microbiological and histopathological findings in cases of fatal bovine respiratory disease of feedlot cattle in Western Canada. Can Vet J 2008; 49:473-481. [PMID: 18512458 PMCID: PMC2359492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the microbiologic agents and pathologic processes in fatal bovine respiratory disease (BRD) of feedlot cattle and to investigate associations between agents and pathologic processes. Ninety feedlot calves diagnosed at necropsy with BRD and 9 control calves without BRD were examined, using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and histopathologic studies. Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) (peracute, acute, and subacute cases) and Mycoplasma bovis (MB) (subacute, bronchiolar, and chronic cases) were the most common agents identified in fatal BRD cases. Significant associations (P < 0.10) were detected between microbiologic agents and between agents and pathologic processes. When IHC staining was used, 25/26 (96%) of animals that were positive for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) were also positive for MH; 12/15 (80 %) of animals that were positive for Histophilus somni (HS) were also positive for MB; and all of the animals that were positive for HS were negative for MH and BVDV. This quantitative pathological study demonstrates that several etiologic agents and pathologic processes are involved in fatal BRD of feedlot cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin W Booker
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., PO Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2.
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Booker CW, Abutarbush SM, Morley PS, Guichon PT, Wildman BK, Jim GK, Schunicht OC, Pittman TJ, Perrett T, Ellis JA, Appleyard G, Haines DM. The effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus infections on health and performance of feedlot cattle. Can Vet J 2008; 49:253-260. [PMID: 18390097 PMCID: PMC2249716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections (unapparent acute infections and persistent infections) on the overall health and performance of feedlot cattle. Calves from 25 pens (7132 calves) were enrolled in the study. Overall and infectious disease mortality rates were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in pens categorized at arrival as positive for type I BVDV and lower in pens that were positive for type II BVDV than in negative pens. Mortality attributed to BVDV infection or enteritis was significantly more common (P < 0.05) in the pens containing persistently infected (PI) calves than in pens not containing PI calves (non-PI pens). There were no statistically detectable (P > or = 0.05) differences in morbidity, overall mortality, average daily gain, or the dry matter intake to gain ratio between PI and non-PI pens. Although type-I BVDV infections in feedlots appear to contribute to higher mortality rates, the presence of PI calves alone does not appear to have a strong impact on pen-level animal health and feedlot performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin W Booker
- Feedlot Health Management Services, P.O. Box 140, Okotoks, Alberta.
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Perrett T, Wildman BK, Jim GK, Vogstad AR, Fenton RK, Hannon SJ, Schunicht OC, Abutarbush SM, Booker CW. Evaluation of the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of melengestrol acetate in feedlot heifer calves in western Canada. Vet Ther 2008; 9:223-240. [PMID: 19003783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative efficacy and cost-effectiveness of feeding melengestrol acetate (MGA) to feedlot heifer calves in western Canada. Heifers fed MGA had significantly (P less than .05) improved average daily gain, feed conversion, and carcass quality grade and lower rates of initial undifferentiated fever treatment and bovine respiratory disease mortality. However, heifers fed MGA had less desirable (P less than .05) carcass yield grade. There was a net economic advantage of Can $11.31/animal in favor of heifers fed MGA. Based on these results, it is efficacious and cost-effective to feed MGA to heifer calves raised in standard large-pen commercial feedlots in western Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tye Perrett
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., Okotoks, Alberta, Canada
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Perrett T, Abutarbush SM, Wildman BK, Fuchs MT, Schunicht OC, Pollock CM, Fenton RK, Jim GK, Guichon PT, Booker CW, Berg J, Roder J, Spire M. A comparison of florfenicol and tulathromycine for the treatment of undifferentiated fever in feedlot calves. Vet Ther 2008; 9:128-140. [PMID: 18597251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the relative cost-effectiveness of florfenicol with that of tulathromycin for treatment of undifferentiated fever (UF) in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing UF that receive metaphylactic tulathromycin on arrival at the feedlot. Calves that received therapeutic florfenicol had lower overall mortality (P=.045) and bovine respiratory disease mortality (P=.050) compared with calves that received therapeutic tulathromycin, but no significant differences were detected in feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, or other animal health variables. There was a net advantage of Can$41.19/treated animal in the florfenicol group versus the tulathromycin group. This study demonstrates that it is more cost-effective to use florfenicol than tulathromycin for the initial treatment of UF in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing UF that receive on-arrival metaphylactic tulathromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tye Perrett
- Feedlot Health Management Services Ltd., Okotoks, Alberta, Canada
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Schunicht OC, Booker CW, Guichon PT, Jim GK, Wildman BK, Pittman TJ, Perrett T. An evaluation of the relative efficacy of tulathromycin for the treatment of undifferentiated fever in feedlot calves in Nebraska. Can Vet J 2007; 48:600-6. [PMID: 17616056 PMCID: PMC1876186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A field trial was performed under commercial feedlot conditions in central Nebraska to assess the relative efficacy of tulathromycin (TULA) to florfenicol (FLOR) for the treatment of undifferentiated fever (UF) in feedlot calves that did not receive a metaphylactic antimicrobial or vaccines/bacterins containing Mannheimia haemolytica or Histophilus somni at feedlot arrival by comparing animal health, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristic variables. Two hundred recently weaned, auction market derived, crossbred beef calves that met the study-specific case definition of UF were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to 1 of 2 experimental groups as follows: TULA, which received tulathromycin administered subcutaneously at the rate of 2.5 mg/kg body weight (BW) once at the time of allocation; or FLOR, which received florfenicol administered subcutaneously at the rate of 40 mg/kg BW once at the time of allocation. In terms of animal health, the first UF relapse (RR = 0.65), overall mortality (RR = 0.33), and BRD mortality (RR = 0.29) rates in the TULA group were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than in the FLOR group. There were no significant (P > or = 0.05) differences between the TULA and FLOR groups for the other animal health variables measured. There was no significant (P > or = 0.05) difference in average daily gain between the TULA and FLOR groups. There were no significant (P > or = 0.05) differences in the overall distributions of quality grade and yield grade between the experimental groups; however, a significantly (P < 0.05) higher proportion of carcasses in the TULA group graded yield grade USDA-4 as compared with the FLOR group. In the economic analysis, the benefits observed resulted in an economic advantage of $52.50 USD/animal in the TULA group due to lower first UF relapse and overall mortality rates, even though the occurrence of yield grade USDA-4 carcasses increased and the initial UF treatment cost was higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C Schunicht
- Feedlot Health Management Services, PO Box 140, Bay 7-87 Elizabeth Street, Okotoks, Alberta T1S 2A2.
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Booker CW, Abutarbush SM, Schunicht OC, Jim GK, Perrett T, Wildman BK, Guichon PT, Pittman TJ, Jones C, Pollock CM. Evaluation of the efficacy of tulathromycin as a metaphylactic antimicrobial in feedlot calves. Vet Ther 2007; 8:183-200. [PMID: 17926304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of tulathromycin (DRAX) versus tilmicosin (MIC) or oxytetracycline (TET) as a metaphylactic antimicrobial in feedlot calves. Calves that received DRAX had significantly (P<.05) lower initial undifferentiated fever (UF) treatment and relapse rates; lower overall chronicity, overall mortality, and cause-specific mortality rates; higher average daily gains; and improved quality grades. However, calves that received DRAX also had poorer (P<.05) yield grades compared with calves that received MIC or TET and worse feed conversion compared with calves that received MIC. Net advantages in the DRAX group were 3.79CanDollars/animal and 16.96CanDollars/animal compared with the MIC and TET groups, respectively. Based on these results, DRAX is a more efficacious and cost-effective metaphylactic antimicrobial than MIC or TET in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing UF. In addition, this study presents a comparison between two methods ("deads out" and "deads in") of calculating feedlot performance variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin W Booker
- Feelot Health Management Services Ltd., Okotoks, Alberta, Canada.
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Booker CW, Schunicht OC, Guichon PT, Jim GK, Wildman BK, Pittman TJ, Perrett T. An evaluation of the metaphylactic effect of ceftiofur crystalline free Acid in feedlot calves. Vet Ther 2006; 7:257-74. [PMID: 17039449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The relative effect of metaphylactic ceftiofur crystalline free acid (CCFA) versus metaphylactic tilmicosin was evaluated in beef calves under commercial feedlot conditions in Nebraska. At feedlot arrival, 11,605 animals at ultrahigh risk of developing bovine respiratory disease (BRD) were allocated to one of three experimental groups: CCFA-3 (6.6 mg/kg SC), CCFA-7 (6.6 mg/kg), or TILM-3 (tilmicosin, 10 mg/kg SC). Animals were eligible for subsequent BRD treatment 3 (CCFA-3 and TILM-3 groups) or 7 (CCFA-7 group) days later. Compared with the TILM-3 group, overall chronicity, overall mortality, BRD mortality, and metabolic mortality rates were significantly (P < .05) lower in the CCFA-3 and CCFA-7 groups; average daily gain was significantly (P < .05) higher in the CCFA-3 group; the proportion of quality grade No Roll carcasses was significantly (P < .05) lower in the CCFA-3 and CCFA-7 groups; and there were per-animal advantages of 22.05 dollars and 18.98 dollars in the CCFA-3 and CCFA-7 groups, respectively. In beef calves at ultrahigh risk of developing BRD, it is more cost effective to administer metaphylactic CCFA than tilmicosin at feedlot arrival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin W Booker
- Feedlot Health Management Services, PO Box 140, Bay 7, 87 Elizabeth Street, Okotoks, Alberta, Canada, T1S 2A2
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Perrett T. Accidental irradiation of electronics used for TBI monitoring. Br J Radiol 1997; 70:661. [PMID: 9227266 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.70.834.9227266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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