CHAOS: Prenatal imaging findings with post mortem contrast radiographic correlation

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome is a rare fetal anomaly with characteristic constellation of prenatal findings on ultrasound and MRI. The typical triad of imaging features are enlarged and echogenic lungs, flattening or inversion of diaphragm and fetal hydrops. Early prenatal recognition of congenital high airway obstruction syndrome by ultrasound and/or MRI is mandatory for the appropriate perinatal management. We report a case of a male fetus with typical imaging findings of congenital high airway obstruction syndrome on ultrasound and MRI at 19 weeks of gestation. The role of contrast radiographs of fetal airways, including retrograde laryngogram, in confirming the postnatal diagnosis of this fetal condition is demonstrated. The prenatal imaging findings were correlated with contrast radiographs of upper airways, sonography of aborted fetus and fetal autopsy findings.

Case series of skin adnexal tumours

BACKGROUND

Skin adnexal tumours (SATs) are a large and diverse group of benign and malignant neoplasms. They are uncommon. They can be single or multiple, sporadic or familial and they might be markers for syndromes associated with internal malignancies. Benign adnexal tumours are more common and malignant SATs are rare and are locally aggressive and have the potential for nodal involvement and distant metastasis with a poor clinical outcome.Therefore recognition of SATs and establishing a diagnosis of malignancy in SATs is important for therapeutic and prognostic reasons.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

SATs are rare benign and malignant neoplasms. They are not commonly encountered in the routine surgical pathology practice.Hence this study aims at finding the frequency, clinical presentation and the histopathological appearances of SATS, and the differentiating features between benign and malignant tumours.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This is partly a retrospective and partly a prospective study done in a tertiary care hospital over a period of four years .All the SATs reported during this period are analysed for their clinical features, age, sex incidence and their gross and histopathological features.

RESULTS

In the four years period 1,64,220 patients attended the hospital. The total number of SATS reported during this period were 21 cases (0.0128 %) Benign tumours were 19 (90.48%). Malignant tumours were 2(9.52%) The mean age for males 36.9 years and for females 35. Two years. There were 11 male patients and 10 female patients. Tumours of hair follicular differentiation were 7 (33.33%). Tumour like lesion of sebaceous origin was 1 (4.76%). Tumours of sweat gland origin were 11 (52.38%). Malignant tumours of eccrine origin were 2 (9.52%).

CONCLUSION

SATs are not common. Their incidence in our study is only 0.0128 % of all cases. Eventhough benign SATs are more common than the malignant tumours, malignant SATs can occur both in young and elderly patients and they are aggressive and the SATs should be excised with wide tumour free margins.

Extraskeletal chondroma of the foot-a case report

Extraskeletal Chondroma (ESC) is uncommon which occurs predominantly in hands and feet. It has a variable histology, with two thirds of the ESCs showing mature hyaline cartilage which is arranged in distinct lobules with fibrosis, or ossification, or myxoid areas and few showing immature patterns, with chondroblasts mimicking extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas (ESMCSs). ESCs can recur but they never metastasize, whereas ESMCSs can metastasize, which require aggressive treatment. We are reporting a case of ESC which was located in the distal phalanx of right foot great toe in a 58-year-old male patient. The histopathology in our case showed features of ESC, with some foci showing myxoid stroma and few chondroblasts with atypical pleomorphic nuclei mimicking ESMCS. Hence, the case had to be carefully evaluated to exclude ESMCS and to make the diagnosis of ESC. The treatment was limited to simple excision of the tumour and extensive surgery and post operative radiotherapy were avoided.

OA02.12. Poly herbal ayurvedic formulation for the development of anti‑miliaria cotton fabrics

Purpose:

Miliaria is also known as Sweat rash or Prickly heat, common aliment of the eccrine sweat glands that often occurs in conditions of increased heat and humidity. It is especially prevalent in babies and infants. Miliaria crystalline is the one which cause multiple tiny blisters resulting in rapidly evolving noninflammatory vesicles. The present study was mainly carried out to explore the use of herbal plants primarily Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Mint (Mentha arvensis) leaves for the development of AntiMiliaria cotton fabrics using AATCC methods.

Method:

Methanolic extracts of the poly herb were prepared. Microorganisms were isolated, microbiologic and histological features of the samples were evaluated. The preliminary antimicrobial activity of different extracts was performed by agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts was evaluated using standard procedures. After evaluation, the crude poly herbal extracts were coated on to the cotton fabrics using pad dry cure method. The antimicrobial assessment of poly herb treated cotton fabrics assessed using AATCC standard methods.

Result:

The organisms isolated from the Miliaria samples are Staphylococcus epidermis. The preliminary results showed that Neem (Azadirachta indica) and mint (Mentha arvensis) leaves having better antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermis. The Poly herbal treated fabrics were further characterized chemically. The Antimicrobial assessment of poly herb treated cotton fabrics showed increased antimicrobial activity than control fabric. It showed 100% bacterial reduction in poly herb treated fabrics until 10 washes.

Conclusion:

The use of medicinal plants is a worldwide phenomenon. Every part of the world prefers medicinal herbs to treat disease than commercially available antibiotics. Further in vivo studies will help to understand the mechanism of action of antimicrobial fabrics on the Miliaria infection.

Cytomorphology of fibromatosis colli

Fibromatosis colli is a peculiar, benign fibrous growth of the sternocleidomastoid that usually appears during the first few weeks of life and is often associated with muscular torticollis. Fibromatosis colli (FC) is seen in children born after difficult, prolonged labor, assisted delivery, and breech deliveries. Clinically, FC has to be differentiated from congenital lesions, inflammatory lesions, and neoplastic conditions-both benign and malignant-that may occur at that site. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple technique that will help in excluding the above conditions and also in avoiding surgical procedures. Fibromatosis colli also resembles other forms of infantile fibromatosis, but its behavior, microscopic appearance, and its treatment distinguish it from other forms of infantile fibromatosis. In contrast to other forms of fibromatosis, a noninvasive, conservative management is usually the line of treatment for FC in most of the cases. FNAC is a noninvasive method of diagnosis of FC that is thus useful in its management. We report here a case of Fibromatosis colli diagnosed by FNAC.

Metanephric stromal tumor: a novel pediatric renal neoplasm

Metanephric stromal tumor of kidney is a novel pediatric benign stromal specific renal neoplasm. A few cases have been reported in adults also. This tumor is usually centered in the renal medulla with a characteristic microscopic appearance which differentiates this lesion from congenital mesoblastic nephroma and clear cell sarcoma of the kidney. In most cases complete excision alone is curative. The differentiation of metanephric stromal tumor from clear cell sarcoma of the kidney will spare the child from the ill effects of adjuvant chemotherapy. In this communication we describe the gross and microscopic features of metanephric stromal tumor in a one-month-old child with good prognosis.

Novel Michael addition products of bis(amino acidato)metal(II) complexes: synthesis, characterization, dye degradation, and oxidation properties

Michael addition reactions of bis(amino acidato)metal(II) complexes (metal = copper, nickel, zinc; amino acid = glycine, dl-alanine, l-alanine) with acrylonitrile have been carried out under various experimental conditions in the absence of a base, resulting in mono- and disubstituted products in high yield, including partially hydrolyzed products. A reaction mechanism for the Michael addition on the nitrogen atom of the coordinated amino acid moiety, replacing the amino hydrogen atom(s), is proposed. All of the products have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectra, and elemental and electrochemical analyses. The single-crystal structures of bis( N-cyanoethylglycinato)copper(II) monohydrate ( 1a), diaquabis( N-cyanoethylglycinato)nickel(II), aquabis( N, N-dicyanoethylglycinato)copper(II) ( 2a), and bis[( N-propionamido- N-cyanoethyl)glycinato]copper(II) dihydrate ( 4a) have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction techniques. The products 1a, 2a, 4a, and bis( N-propionamidoglycinato)copper(II) monohydrate ( 3a) have been used as catalysts for the degradation of a phenol red dye and mild oxidation of various organic substrates in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The monosubstituted complexes have been found to catalyze the reactions to a greater extent than the disubstituted complexes.