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Cutillas V, Johnston CA. Mud binds the kinesin-14 Ncd in Drosophila. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:101016. [PMID: 34027137 PMCID: PMC8134030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of proper mitotic spindle structure is necessary for error-free chromosome segregation and cell division. Spindle assembly is controlled by force-generating kinesin motors that contribute to its geometry and bipolarity, and balancing motor-dependent forces between opposing kinesins is critical to the integrity of this process. Non-claret dysjunctional (Ncd), a Drosophila kinesin-14 member, crosslinks and slides microtubule minus-ends to focus spindle poles and sustain bipolarity. However, mechanisms that regulate Ncd activity during mitosis are underappreciated. Here, we identify Mushroom body defect (Mud), the fly ortholog of human NuMA, as a direct Ncd binding partner. We demonstrate this interaction involves a short coiled-coil domain within Mud (MudCC) binding the N-terminal, non-motor microtubule-binding domain of Ncd (NcdnMBD). We further show that the C-terminal ATPase motor domain of Ncd (NcdCTm) directly interacts with NcdnMBD as well. Mud binding competes against this self-association and also increases NcdnMBD microtubule binding in vitro. Our results describe an interaction between two spindle-associated proteins and suggest a potentially new mode of minus-end motor protein regulation at mitotic spindle poles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Cutillas
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Flores JM, Gámiz V, Gil-Lebrero S, Rodríguez I, Navas FJ, García-Valcárcel AI, Cutillas V, Fernández-Alba AR, Hernando MD. A three-year large scale study on the risk of honey bee colony exposure to blooming sunflowers grown from seeds treated with thiamethoxam and clothianidin neonicotinoids. Chemosphere 2021; 262:127735. [PMID: 32777610 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the restriction of the use of neonicotinoids in the EU, including thiamethoxam and clothianidin, the debate over their risk on honey bees has not been fully settled. This study presents results of a three-year study working with 180 honey bee colonies in ten replicates. Colonies were sorted into three treatments (60 colonies per treatment) exposed to sunflower blooms grown from seeds treated with thiamethoxam, clothianidin and a non-treated control. Each colony was assessed at six moments: one before to exposition to sunflower, two during the exposition (short-time risk), two after exposition (medium-time risk) and one after wintering (long-time risk). The health and development of the colonies were assessed by monitoring adult bee population, brood development, status of the queen, food reserves and survival. No significant difference among treatments when raw data was considered. However, when evolution from initial status of the colony was evaluated, a significant difference was observed from the first week of exposure to sunflower blooms. In this period, the number of adult bees and the amount of brood were slightly lower in the bee hives exposed to neonicotinoids, although such differences disappeared in subsequent evaluations. The concentration of residues in samples of beebread and adult bees was at the level of ng·g-1. Magnitude of the effect of the treatment factor on the variability of colony health and development related parameters was low. The most important factor was the hive, followed by the replicate and year, and to a lesser extent the initial strength of the colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Flores
- Department of Zoology, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Victoria Gámiz
- Department of Zoology, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sergio Gil-Lebrero
- Department of Zoology, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco J Navas
- Department of Genetic, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana I García-Valcárcel
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Cutillas
- Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almeria, European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Amadeo R Fernández-Alba
- Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almeria, European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - M Dolores Hernando
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Hernando MD, Gámiz V, Gil-Lebrero S, Rodríguez I, García-Valcárcel AI, Cutillas V, Fernández-Alba AR, Flores JM. Viability of honeybee colonies exposed to sunflowers grown from seeds treated with the neonicotinoids thiamethoxam and clothianidin. Chemosphere 2018; 202:609-617. [PMID: 29597178 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, honeybee colonies were monitored in a field study conducted on sunflowers grown from seeds treated with the systemic neonicotinoids thiamethoxam or clothianidin. This field trial was carried out in different representative growing areas in Spain over a beekeeping season. The health and development of the colonies was assessed by measuring factors that have a significant influence on their strength and overwintering ability. The parameters assessed were: colony strength (adult bees), brood development, amount of pollen and honey stores and presence and status of the queen. The concentration of residues (clothianidin and thiamethoxam) in samples of beebread and in adult bees was at the level of ng.g-1; in the ranges of 0.10-2.89 ng g-1 and 0.05-0.12 ng g-1; 0.10-0.37 ng g-1 and 0.01-0.05 ng g-1, respectively. Multivariate models were applied to evaluate the interaction among factors. No significant differences were found between the honeybee colonies of the different treatment groups, either exposed or not to the neonicotinoids. The seasonal development of the colonies was affected by the environmental conditions which, together with the initial strength of the bee colonies and the characteristics of the plots, had a significant effect on the different variables studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dolores Hernando
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Victoria Gámiz
- Department of Zoology, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sergio Gil-Lebrero
- Department of Zoology, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana I García-Valcárcel
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Cutillas
- Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almeria. European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Amadeo R Fernández-Alba
- Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almeria. European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - José M Flores
- Department of Zoology, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
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Parrilla Vázquez P, Hakme E, Uclés S, Cutillas V, Martínez Galera M, Mughari A, Fernández-Alba A. Large multiresidue analysis of pesticides in edible vegetable oils by using efficient solid-phase extraction sorbents based on quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe methodology followed by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1463:20-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Anstett K, Cutillas V, Fusco R, Mesplède T, Wainberg MA. Polymorphic substitution E157Q in HIV-1 integrase increases R263K-mediated dolutegravir resistance and decreases DNA binding activity. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:2083-8. [PMID: 27084918 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The E157Q substitution in HIV-1 integrase (IN) is a relatively common natural polymorphism associated with HIV resistance to IN strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs). Although R263K is the most common resistance substitution for the INSTI dolutegravir, an INSTI treatment-experienced individual recently failed dolutegravir-based therapy, with E157Q being the only resistance-associated change reported. Given that different resistance pathways can sometimes synergize to confer high levels of resistance to antiretroviral drugs, we studied the effects of E157Q in association with R263K. Because Glu157 is thought to lie within the binding site of HIV IN DNA binding inhibitors such as FZ41, we also evaluated DNA binding activity and resistance to IN inhibitors in the presence of E157Q. METHODS Purified recombinant IN proteins were assessed in cell-free assays for their strand transfer and DNA binding activities. NL4.3 viral stocks harbouring IN mutations were generated and characterized in the presence and absence of IN inhibitors in tissue culture. RESULTS E157Q alone had little if any effect on the biochemical activity of IN, and partially restored the activity of R263K-containing IN. The E157Q/R263K double viral mutant displayed infectiousness in culture equivalent to WT, while increasing resistance to dolutegravir by 10-fold compared with lower-level resistance associated with R263K alone. None of the mutations tested showed significant resistance to either raltegravir or FZ41. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that E157Q may act as a compensatory mutation for R263K. Since E157Q is a natural polymorphism present in 1%-10% of HIV-positive individuals, it may be of particular importance for patients receiving INSTI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Anstett
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Cutillas
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Fusco
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thibault Mesplède
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark A Wainberg
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
HIV remains a global public health issue and new therapies are actively being developed. Traditional treatments such as small-molecule inhibitors are being investigated; however, newer modalities are also being pursued, including the use of transdominant-negative proteins. A transdominant negative is a mutant of a protein designed to interfere with the normal activity of its wild-type counterpart. Transdominant negatives designed to block HIV replication are based on viral proteins; however, recent approaches show that transdominant negatives of cellular proteins have therapeutic potential. Recent discoveries have revealed that treatments based on transdominant negatives can greatly disrupt the replication cycle of the virus. This article aims to review viral and cellular protein-based transdominant negatives, the recent elucidation of their modes of action and their potential use in HIV gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haran Sivakumaran
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Molecular Virology Laboratory, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Vincent Cutillas
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Molecular Virology Laboratory, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - David Harrich
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Molecular Virology Laboratory, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
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Sivakumaran H, Lin MH, Apolloni A, Cutillas V, Jin H, Li D, Wei T, Harrich D. Overexpression of PRMT6 does not suppress HIV-1 Tat transactivation in cells naturally lacking PRMT6. Virol J 2013; 10:207. [PMID: 23800116 PMCID: PMC3695826 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) can methylate the HIV-1 Tat, Rev and nucleocapsid proteins in a manner that diminishes each of their functions in in vitro assays, and increases the stability of Tat in human cells. In this study, we explored the relationship between PRMT6 and HIV-1 Tat by determining the domains in each protein required for interaction. Methods Through domain mapping and immunoprecipitation experiments, we determined that both the amino and carboxyl termini of PRMT6, and the activation domain within Tat are essential for interaction. Mutation of the basic domain of Tat did not affect the ability of PRMT6 to interact with Tat. Results We next used the A549 human alveolar adenocarcinoma cell line, which naturally expresses undetectable levels of PRMT6, as a model for testing the effects of PRMT6 on Tat stability, transactivation, and HIV-1 replication. As previously observed, steady state levels and the protein half-life of Tat were increased by the ectopic expression of PRMT6. However, no down regulation of Tat transactivation function was observed, even with over 300-fold molar excess of PRMT6 plasmid. We also observed no negative effect on HIV-1 infectivity when A549 producer cells overexpressed PRMT6. Conclusions We show that PRMT6 requires the activation domain, but surprisingly not the basic domain, of Tat for protein interaction. This interaction between Tat and PRMT6 may impact upon pathogenic effects attributed to Tat during HIV-1 infection other than its function during transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haran Sivakumaran
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Molecular Virology Laboratory, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane 4006, Australia
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Li D, Cutillas V, Wei T. Novel viral evasion tactic found from influenza virus H3N2. Future Virol 2012. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.12.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of: Marazzi I, Ho JSY, Kim J et al. Suppression of the antiviral response by an influenza histone mimic. Nature 483 (7390), 428–433 (2012). It is well known that to survive in cells, viruses have developed a variety of means to avoid host antiviral responses. Recently, Marazzi et al. reported a novel evasion tactic contributed by the NS1 of influenza virus H3N2. In contrast to other influenza subtypes such as H1N1 or H5N1, H3N2 contains a unique amino acid sequence of ARSK at the C-terminus of NS1, which is chemically similar to a functional domain ARTK at the N-terminus of histone H3 protein (histone tail) that has roles in regulating gene expression. This NS1 ARSK domain can mimic the histone tail to serve as a substrate for a variety of histone-modifying enzymes both in vitro and in vivo. The authors further showed that the NS1 histone mimic could bind directly to the human PAF1 transcription elongation complex (hPAF1C) to negatively regulate the ability of hPAF1C to drive the transcription of cellular antiviral genes. Disruption of hPAF1C and NS1 binding using mutagenesis either on the PAF1 subunit of hPAF1C or on NS1 resulted in reduction of virus replication. This novel evasion mechanism of NS1 to suppress the host antiviral response by acting as a histone mimic is interesting and has potential implications for the future development of novel antiviral strategies. However, this response appears to be limited to H3N2 virus, so the relevance to limiting future pandemics of other extremely pathogenic strains such as H1N1 or H5N1 remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Li
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Vincent Cutillas
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
- School of Biomolecular & Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
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