Impact of selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility testing results for urinary tract infections in the outpatient setting: A prospective controlled before-after intervention study.
Clin Microbiol Infect 2023:S1198-743X(23)00126-X. [PMID:
36921718 DOI:
10.1016/j.cmi.2023.03.012]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The use of selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) results is a recommended antimicrobial stewardship strategy to improve the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions. We conducted a large, pragmatic, prospective, multicentre, controlled (selective reporting versus complete reporting) before-after intervention study to assess the impact of selective reporting of AST results for Escherichia coli-positive urine cultures on the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics carrying a higher risk of selection of resistance (i.e., amoxicillin-clavulanate, third-generation cephalosporins, and quinolones) in the outpatient setting. We also looked for possible unintended clinical consequences of the intervention leading to consultations and/or hospitalisations.
METHODS
We compared two groups of laboratories located in a French region. We collected data from the health insurance databases before (2017) and after the implementation of the intervention (2019). The primary outcome was the prescription proportions of broad-spectrum antibiotics.
RESULTS
We included 42,956 Escherichia coli-positive urine cultures with AST. The decrease of the proportion of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescriptions between 2017 and 2019 was significantly higher for selective reporting of AST, attributable to a decrease in the prescription proportion of third-generation cephalosporins (- 8.5% for selective reporting versus - 0.1% for complete reporting, p < 0.001). This impact was more marked for targeted therapy and female patients. Requests from clinicians for the complete reporting of AST results were infrequent (1.2% of all the selective AST results reported in 2019). No unintended consequences were observed.
CONCLUSION
The results showed a positive impact of the selective reporting of AST results, but room for improvement is still important.
REGISTRATION AT CLINICAL TRIALS
NCT03612297.
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