Design, synthesis, and preliminary biological evaluation of 6-O-glucose-azomycin adducts for diagnosis and therapy of hypoxic tumors

Several 2-nitroimidazole-based molecules (NIs) are used as clinical hypoxic tumor radiodiagnostics, but they are not effective as radiosensitizers/radiochemotherapeutics. These NIs permeate tumor cells nonselectively via diffusion, and in therapy, where high doses are required, their dose limiting toxicities preclude success. The synthesis and preliminary in vitro evaluations of three glucoazomycins, members of a novel class of C6-O-glucose-linked-azomycin conjugates that are putative substrates of glucose transport proteins (GLUTs) and possess hypoxia-selective radiosensitization features, are now reported. The hypoxia-dependent upregulation of several GLUTs provides a rational basis to develop these glucoazomycins because more selective uptake in hypoxic cells would decrease systemic toxicities at effective doses. Calculated partition coefficients (ClogP, -1.70 to -2.99) predict rapid in vivo clearance for low systemic toxicity. In vitro experimental data show that glucoazomycins are radiosensitizers and that they competitively inhibit glucose uptake.

Synthesis and SAR of novel conformationally-restricted oxazolidinones possessing Gram-positive and fastidious Gram-negative antibacterial activity. Part 1: Substituted pyrazoles

A novel series of conformationally-restricted oxazolidinones was synthesized which possess a fused pyrazole ring substituted with various alkyl, aryl and heteroaryl substituents. A number of analogs exhibited potent activity against both gram-positive and fastidious gram-negative organisms.

Aminomethylation of BINOL with methyleneiminium salts

A new method for synthesizing chiral 3,3′-bis(N,N-dialkylaminomethyl)-1,1′-bi-2-naphthols with high enantiomeric excess is described. The procedure consists of bis-lithiation of diprotected (S)- or (R)-1,1′-bis(2-naphthol) followed by treatment of the intermediate with methyleneiminium salts. Mild reaction conditions prevent racemization and provide 3,3′-bis(N,N-dialkylaminomethyl)-1,1′-bi-2-naphthols or 3-(N,N-dialkylaminomethyl)-1,1′-bi-2-naphthols with an enantiomeric excess >99%.