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Feng WM, Liu P, Yan H, Yu G, Zhang S, Jiang S, Shang EX, Qian DW, Duan JA. Investigation of Enzymes in the Phthalide Biosynthetic Pathway in Angelica sinensis Using Integrative Metabolite Profiles and Transcriptome Analysis. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:928760. [PMID: 35845641 PMCID: PMC9286521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.928760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels are well known for their efficacy in promoting blood circulation. Although many studies have indicated that phthalides are the main chemical components responsible for the pharmacological properties of A. sinensis, the phthalide biosynthetic pathway and enzymes that transform different phthalides are still poorly understood. We identified 108 potential candidate isoforms for phthalide accumulation using transcriptome and metabolite profile analyses. Then, six enzymes, including phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxyheptonate aldolase 2, shikimate dehydrogenase, primary amine oxidase, polyphenol oxidase, tyrosine decarboxylase, and shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase, were identified and proven to be involved in phthalide accumulation by heterologously expressing these proteins in Escherichia coli. We proposed a possible mechanism underlying phthalide transformation and biosynthetic pathways in A. sinensis based on our findings. The results of our study can provide valuable information for understanding the mechanisms underlying phthalide accumulation and transformation and enable further development of quality control during the cultivation of A. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Meng Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Feng WM, Liu P, Yan H, Zhang S, Shang EX, Yu G, Jiang S, Qian DW, Ma JW, Duan JA. Impact of Bacillus on Phthalides Accumulation in Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) by Stoichiometry and Microbial Diversity Analysis. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:611143. [PMID: 33488552 PMCID: PMC7819887 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.611143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-microorganism interaction in the rhizosphere is thought to play an important role in the formation of soil fertility, transformation and absorption of nutrients, growth and development of medicinal plants, and accumulation of medicinal ingredients. Yet, the role that they play in the phthalides accumulation of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels remains unclear. In the present study, we report a correlative analysis between rhizosphere microorganisms and phthalides accumulation in A. sinensis from Gansu, China where was the major production areas. Meanwhile, Bacillus was explored the potential functions in the plant growth and phthalide accumulation. Results revealed that the common bacterial species detected in six samples comprised 1150 OTUs which were involved in 368 genera, and predominant taxa include Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The average contents of the six phthalides were 4.0329 mg/g. The correlation analysis indicated that 20 high abundance strains showed positive or negative correlations with phthalides accumulation. Flavobacterium, Nitrospira, Gaiella, Bradyrhizobium, Mycobacterium, Bacillus, RB41, Blastococcus, Nocardioides, and Solirubrobacter may be the key strains that affect phthalides accumulation on the genus level. By the plant-bacterial co-culture and fermentation, Bacillus which were isolated from rhizosphere soils can promote the plant growth, biomass accumulation and increased the contents of the butylidenephthalide (36∼415%) while the ligustilide (12∼67%) was decreased. Altogether, there is an interaction between rhizosphere microorganisms and phthalides accumulation in A. sinensis, Bacillus could promote butylidenephthalide accumulation while inhibiting ligustilide accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Meng Feng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Wei Ma
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Li HW, Liu P, Zhang HQ, Feng WM, Yan H, Guo S, Qian DW, Duan JA. Determination of bioactive compounds in the nonmedicinal parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and chemometric analysis. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:4191-4201. [PMID: 32975375 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although Scrophulariae Radix (root of Scrophularia ningpoensis) has received much attention, little is known about the nonmedicinal parts of S. ningpoensis. A comprehensive evaluation of the multibioactive constituents in the flowers, rhizomes, leaves, and stems of S. ningpoensis during different growth stages would be of value to fully understand the potential medicinal properties of all parts of the plant. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was performed for accurately determining nine compounds in S. ningpoensis. The results indicated the content of total analytes in S. ningpoensis was in the order of flowers (81.82 mg/g) > roots (31.95 mg/g) > rhizomes (26.68 mg/g) > leaves (16.86 mg/g) > stems (14.35 mg/g). The chemometric analysis showed that these plant parts were rich in iridoids and should not be discarded during the processing of medicinal materials. Dynamic accumulation analysis suggested that the early flowering stage was the optimum time for harvesting flowers and appropriate amounts of stems and leaves. Moreover, considering the accumulation of constituents and biomass of medicinal materials, the medicinal parts should be harvested around December with the rhizomes attached. This research provides a theoretical basis and scientific evidence for comprehensive development and utilization of S. ningpoensis resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wei Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Huang-Qin Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Meng Feng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Feng WM, Liu P, Yan H, Yu G, Guo ZX, Zhu L, Ma JW, Qian DW, Duan JA. [Transcriptomic data analyses of wild and cultivated Angelica sinensis root by high-throughput sequencing technology]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2020; 45:1879-1886. [PMID: 32489073 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200208.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The root of Angelica sinensis is known throughout Asia for its traditional efficacy in invigorating and promoting blood circulation. The wild germplasm resources of A. sinensis was in short supply, and most of the commercial medicinal materials come from cultivation. To obtain the differences in the transcriptional levels of wild and cultivated of A. sinensis, the full-length transcriptome of A. sinensis was analyzed using PacBio SMRT three-generation high-throughput sequencing technology. Using the high-throughput sequencing platform Illumina HiSeq X Ten PE150, a root transcriptome dataset of wild and cultivated A.sinensis was obtained. The transcriptome sequencing analyses obtained 16.5 Gb database in wild and cultivated A.sinensis, after assembly steps, we obtain 113 906 transcript sequences(insfroms) with an average length of 1 466 nt. BLAST analysis indicated that 109 113(accounting for 95.79% of the total insfroms), 93 276(81.89%),60 638(53.24%),48 928(42.95%),42 876(37.64%)isofroms were successfully annotated in the NR, Swiss-port, GO, KO and KOG databases, respectively. The annotation information can be classified into three categories of biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions of GO classification, involving 128 KEGG standard metabolic pathways. Analysis of 25 463 differential insfroms, 15 090 higher expression in wild A. sinensis, and 10 373 higher in cultivated A. sinensis. In the enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG, differential insfroms were concentrated on the pathway of plant-pathogen interaction, MAPK signaling pathway-plant and plant hormone signal transduction. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to obtain the full-length transcription information of A. sinensis, and the overall characteristics of A. sinensis genetic information were clarified. By comparing the differential expression of wild and cultivated A. sinensis at the genetic level, it provides basic information for further screening and breeding of A. sinensis germplasm resources, resistance research and secondary metabolic pathway analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Meng Feng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guang Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zeng-Xiang Guo
- Gansu Province Min County Chinese Herbal Medicine Production Technical Guidance Station Dingxi 748400, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun-Wei Ma
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023, China
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Zhang T, Cui G, Feng WM, Shi QL, Cui J, Li XN, Wang QC, Shen H. [Correlation analysis between glycolipids metabolism and clinicopathologic features in patients with gastric cancer]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:2545-7. [PMID: 27596548 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.32.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation between glycolipids metabolism and clinicopathologic features in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS Glycolipids metabolism and clinicopathologic features of 443 gastric cancer patients were collected, and their correlation was analyzed. RESULTS Compared to gastric cancer patients with normal levels of glycolipids metabolism, there were less male patients who were with low level of total cholesterol (TCH)(χ(2)=7.676, P<0.05), and the number of male patients with low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (χ(2)=7.520) and apoA1 (χ(2)=6.253) was higher (both P<0.05). Serum TCH level showed a negative correlation with age of patients (r=-0.116), tumor size (r=-0.117) and TNM stage (r=-0.111) (P<0.05); serum HDL level was negatively correlated with tumor diameter (r=-0.094), the number of metastatic lymph nodes (r=-0.106), primary tumor invasion depth (r=-0.112), metastatic lymph nodes stage (r=-0.102) and TNM stage (r=-0.107) (P<0.05); serum LDL was negatively correlated with age of patients (r=-0.116) (P<0.05); serum LPa was positively correlated with tumor size (r=0.170), the number of metastatic lymph nodes (r=0.151), primary tumor invasion depth (r=0.160), metastatic lymph nodes stage (r=0.153) and TNM stage (r=0.115) (P<0.05); apoA1 was negatively correlated with distant metastasis (r=-0.168) and TNM stage (r=-0.120) (P<0.05); and apoB was negatively correlated with distant metastases (r=-0.132, P<0.05). Levels of blood glucose and TG had no significant association with clinicopathological features of gastric cancer patients (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low lipid metabolism but high level of LPa may be the metabolic characteristics of gastric cancer progression. Monitoring the changes of serum lipids levels could be valuable for the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
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