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Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Materials as Selective Recognition Sorbents for Explosives: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050888. [PMID: 31096617 PMCID: PMC6572358 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Explosives are of significant interest to homeland security departments and forensic investigations. Fast, sensitive and selective detection of these chemicals is of great concern for security purposes as well as for triage and decontamination in contaminated areas. To this end, selective sorbents with fast binding kinetics and high binding capacity, either in combination with a sensor transducer or a sampling/sample-preparation method, are required. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) show promise as cost-effective and rugged artificial selective sorbents, which have a wide variety of applications. This manuscript reviews the innovative strategies developed in 57 manuscripts (published from 2006 to 2019) to use MIP materials for explosives. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no commercially available MIP-modified sensors or sample preparation methods for explosives in the market. We believe that this review provides information to give insight into the future prospects and potential commercialization of such materials. We warn the readers of the hazards of working with explosives.
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Elements of the rabbit uteroglobin promoter mediating its transcription in epithelial cells from the endometrium and lung. Gene Expr 2018; 2:339-52. [PMID: 1472869 PMCID: PMC6057368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The rabbit uteroglobin gene is specifically expressed in certain epithelial cells of ontogenetically unrelated origin. In the endometrium, expression is restricted to the glandular and luminal epithelium and is inducible by progesterone and estradiol. In the lung, Clara cells lining the bronchiolar epithelium show constitutive expression of uteroglobin, which is modulated by glucocorticoids. To explore the molecular basis for this cell type specificity, we have transiently transfected the uteroglobin promoter region fused to the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene (CAT gene) in the endometrial cell line Ishikawa; in the human lung cell line NCI-H441, which shows morphological Clara cell characteristics; in HeLa cells; and in three fibroblast cell lines. The uteroglobin promoter efficiently drives expression of the CAT gene in Ishikawa and NCI-H441 cells, but not in HeLa and fibroblast cells. To identify the responsible elements we have analyzed progressive promoter 5'-deletion mutants and randomly generated linker scanning mutants spanning the sequence from -258 to -14 of the uteroglobin promoter. Transfection experiments reveal seven mutation-sensitive regions located around -30, -70, -95, -130, -190, -230, and -255. Several mutants display strong cell type-specific phenotypes. Most significantly, the integrity of the region around -190 is essential for full CAT gene expression in Ishikawa cells, but not in NCI-H441 cells.
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Stationäre und ambulante Thromboembolieprophylaxe in der Chirurgie und der perioperativen Medizin. PHLEBOLOGIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1639002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Präambel: Alle aufgeführten medizinischen Fachgesellschaften haben sich zusammengefunden, um die früheren verschiedenen Empfehlungen zur Thromboembolieprophylaxe zu aktualisieren und in einer gemeinsamen »Leitlinie zur stationären und ambulanten Thromboembolieprophylaxe in der perioperativen Medizin« zusammenzufassen. Dazu wurden in einem ersten Schritt durch eine Konsensuskonferenz mit nominalem Gruppenprozess die früheren Empfehlungen (Fassung vom Juni 2000) überarbeitet (S2-Leitlinie). Dies erschien notwendig, um neue Therapieprinzipien und neu zugelassene Medikamente zu berücksichtigen. Als nächster Schritt erfolgt die Weiterentwicklung der vorliegenden Leitlinie nach der Vorgaben der 3. Stufe der Leitlinienentwicklung der AWMF (S3-Leitlinie).
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Bayes Theorem and Conditional Dependence of Symptoms: Different Models Applied to Data of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1635519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary:In computer-aided prognosis theoretical arguments in favour of a sophisticated model often do not result in a markedly better performance. In this study, straightforward extensions of the simple and comprehensive independent Bayes model, taking interactions between variables into consideration, are investigated, using a clinical data set of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, four sets of variables and different measures of performance (discriminatory ability, sharpness, reliability). For all criteria of performance, the differences between the models were small in the sets with few variables. In the sets with many variables there were marked differences between the models; however, no model was superior in all aspects of performance. Incorporation of interactions in models based upon Bayes’ theorem are worthwhile if many variables are used and the discriminatory ability is considered.
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A Note on Returns to Human Capital in the Eighties: Evidence from Twelve Countries/Ertragsraten des Humankapitals in den achtziger Jahren: Eine vergleichende Untersuchung mit Individualdaten aus zwölf Ländern. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/jbnst-1993-1-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Retrospektive Analyse transfusionspflichtiger peripartaler Blutungen und Festlegung eines klinikinternen Standards zur Bereitstellung von Blutprodukten. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Beitrag zur Untersuchung elektrochemischer Adsorptionszustände mit periodischen Dreieckspannungsimpulsen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1975-25608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zar Anwendung der GIBBSschen Adsorptionsthermodynamik auf Adsorptionsreaktionen mit partiellem Ladungsübergang. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1962-21940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ansätze zur Doppelschichtstruktur bei Phasengrenzreaktionen mit partiellem Ladongsübergang (Phänomenologische Theorie). Z PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1971-24822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Adsorptiooskinetik und Ladungsäbergangskoeffizienten von Jodid- and Bromidionen an Quecksflberelektroden. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1963-22412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Anionen-Adsorptionsreaktionen an Quecksilberelektroden. Abhängigkeit partieller Ladungsübergangskoeffizienten vom Lösungsmittel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1966-23217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dunkel- und Photostromspannungskurven an n-GaP in wäßrigen und aprotischen Lösungen. Bestimmung der Kinetik anodischer Prozesse mit Elektronen und Löchern. Z PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1982-263159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Macroscopic-dynamical model of membrane charge transfer. Z PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1981-262131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zur Reaktionsimpedanz der Hydrochinon/Chinon-Reaktion an Quecksilberelektroden in gepufferten wäßrigen Lösungen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1969-24137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lipid and fatty acid profiles of Pseudomonas aurantiaca DNA-bound lipids determined by mass spectrometry. Microbiology (Reading) 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261714060228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Development of a material with reproducible emission of selected volatile organic compounds - μ-Chamber study. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 107:224-229. [PMID: 24418066 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) found indoors have the potential to affect human health. Typical sources include building materials, furnishings, cleaning agents, etc. To address this risk, chemical emission testing is used to assess the potential of different materials to pollute indoor air. One objective of the European Joint Research Project "MACPoll" (Metrology for Chemical Pollutants in Air) aims at developing and testing a reference material for the quality control of the emission testing procedure. Furthermore, it would enable comparison of measurement results between test laboratories. The heterogeneity of the majority of materials makes it difficult to find a suitable reference sample. In the present study, styrene, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, N-methyl-α-pyrrolidone, lindane, n-hexadecane, 1,2-dimethyl- and 1,2-di-n-butyl-phthalate were added to 12 commercially available lacquers (6 alkyd and 6 acrylic polymer based lacquers) serving as carrier substrate. After homogenization, the mixtures were loaded into a Markes Micro-Chamber/Thermal Extractor (μ-CTE™) for curing and investigation of the emission behavior for each compound. For almost all of the investigated chemicals, the preferred glossy acrylic lacquer showed emissions that were reproducible with a variation of less than 20% RSD. Such lacquer systems have therefore been shown to be good candidates for use as reference materials in inter-laboratory studies.
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Patientenwohl. Lebensqualität bei Brustkrebs-Patientinnen – Implementierung und Umsetzung in die Routineversorgung. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1368626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Identification of plant metabolites of environmental contaminants by UPLC-QToF-MS: the in vitro metabolism of triclosan in horseradish. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1001-1009. [PMID: 24456336 DOI: 10.1021/jf404784q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants can extensively transform contaminants after uptake through phase I and phase II metabolism to a large diversity of products. UPLC-QToF-MS was used to detect and identify metabolites of the bacteriostatic agent triclosan in a horseradish hairy root culture. Thirty-three metabolites of triclosan were recognized by a stepwise approach of mass defect filtering, multivariate data analysis, and isotope pattern filtering from a data set of several thousands of signals in the exposed culture. Structure proposals were elaborated for 23 triclosan metabolites on the basis of their MS data. The majority were identified as conjugates (phase II metabolites) such as saccharides or sulfosaccharides. Additionally, a disulfosaccharide was identified as a plant metabolite for the first time. Besides that, also conjugates of a phase I metabolite, hydroxytriclosan, were determined in horseradish tissue extracts. Dehalogenation products of triclosan were not observed. The large number of metabolites detected and identified in this study emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive analytical approach in studies on the uptake and fate of organic contaminants in plants.
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Metabolization of the bacteriostatic agent triclosan in edible plants and its consequences for plant uptake assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:10797-10804. [PMID: 22989227 DOI: 10.1021/es3028378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Persistent environmental contaminants may enter agricultural fields via the application of sewage sludge, by irrigation with treated municipal wastewater or by manuring. It has been shown that such contaminants can be incorporated into crop plants. The metabolism of the bacteriostatic agents triclocarban, triclosan, and its transformation product methyl triclosan was investigated after their uptake into carrot cell cultures. A fast metabolization of triclosan was observed and eight so far unknown phase II metabolites, conjugates with saccharides, disaccharides, malonic acid, and sulfate, were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Triclocarban and methyl triclosan lack a phenolic group and remained unaltered in the cell cultures. Phase I metabolization was not observed for any of the compounds. All eight triclosan conjugates identified in the cell cultures were also detected in extracts of intact carrot plants cultivated on triclosan contaminated soils. Their total amount in the plants was assessed to exceed the amount of the triclosan itself by a factor of 5. This study shows that a disregard of conjugates in studies on plant uptake of environmental contaminants may severely underestimates the extent of uptake into plants and, eventually, the potential human exposure to contaminants via food of plant origin.
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Considerable differences in the evaluation of global quality of life in primary breast cancer patients – Results in the control group of a randomized controlled trial. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1323358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Direct improvement of quality of life using a tailored quality of life diagnosis and therapy pathway: randomised trial in 200 women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:826-38. [PMID: 22315052 PMCID: PMC3305975 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite thousands of papers, the value of quality of life (QoL) in curing disease remains uncertain. Until now, we lacked tools for the diagnosis and specific treatment of diseased QoL. We approached this problem stepwise by theory building, modelling, an exploratory trial and now a definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT) in breast cancer, whose results we report here. METHODS In all, 200 representative Bavarian primary breast cancer patients were recruited by five hospitals and treated by 146 care professionals. Patients were randomised to either (1) a novel care pathway including diagnosis of 'diseased' QoL (any QoL measure below 50 points) using a QoL profile and expert report sent to the patient's coordinating practitioner, who arranged QoL therapy consisting of up to five standardised treatments for specific QoL defects or (2) standard postoperative care adhering to the German national guideline for breast cancer. The primary end point was the proportion of patients in each group with diseased QoL 6 months after surgery. Patients were blinded to their allocated group. RESULTS At 0 and 3 months after surgery, diseased QoL was diagnosed in 70% of patients. The QoL pathway reduced rates of diseased QoL to 56% at 6 months, especially in emotion and coping, compared with 71% in controls (P=0.048). Relative risk reduction was 21% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0-37), absolute risk reduction 15% (95% CI: 0.3-29), number needed to treat (NNT)=7 (95% CI: 3-37). When QoL therapy finished after successful treatment, diseased QoL often returned again, indicating good responsiveness of the QoL pathway. CONCLUSION A three-component outcome system including clinician-derived objective, patient-reported subjective end points and qualitative analysis of clinical relevance was developed in the last 10 years for cancer as a complex intervention. A separate QoL pathway was implemented for the diagnosis and treatment of diseased QoL and its effectiveness tested in a community-based, pragmatic, definitive RCT. While the pathway was active, it was effective with an NNT of 7.
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Analysis of brominated flame retardants in house dust. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 85:1657-1663. [PMID: 21724229 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to create a robust analytical method to analyse the flame retardants decabromodiphenylether (BDE-209), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) in house dust in order to estimate the degree of contamination of indoor environment. A liquid chromatography method equipped with a UV-detector and electro spray-tandem mass spectrometry was used to achieve this result. Applying an external calibration for BDE-209, an internal calibration for TBBPA, and a standard addition method for HBCD low limits of quantification were obtained. The analytical procedure was carried out under exclusion of UV-light as the target compounds potentially degrade when being exposed to UV-light. Empirical data were obtained in addition to the dust samples to estimate potential influences of apartment characteristics. A weak correlation between the number of electric devices and TBBPA was found.
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Sorption of aqueous antimony and arsenic species onto akaganeite. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 357:460-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Analysis of pesticides and PCBs in waste wood and house dust. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 81:488-493. [PMID: 20709354 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Revised: 07/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of the pesticides - DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane) and lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane) - and of PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) has been limited or forbidden for several decades. Nevertheless, due to their persistence and bioaccumulative potentials they are still ubiquitous in the environment. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine analytical methods to analyse the pesticides lindane and DDT, its metabolites DDD (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane) and DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene), and PCBs in waste wood and house dust. An ultrasonic extraction was performed followed by a sample clean up by filtration or silica gel column. The prepared samples were measured by GC/MS. Quantification through internal standard calibration delivered low limits of detection. Specific amounts of the target compounds were detected in all analysed dust samples. The comparison of the contamination between dust samples of eastern Germany (former German Democratic Republic - GDR) and western Germany partly revealed significant differences of the contamination levels. Furthermore, it was examined whether older wooden material might cause a constant volatilisation of pesticides in apartments. Waste wood samples of different contamination categories were analysed. Apparently, these samples are potentially responsible for a constant DDX (Σ(DDT, DDD, DDE)) and lindane volatilisation, but not for PCBs.
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Partielle Ladungsübergangskoeffizienten elektrochemischer Reaktionen aus Stromimpulsmessungen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19640680215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Development and application of dynamic air chambers for measurement of volatilization fluxes of benzene and MTBE from constructed wetlands planted with common reed. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 79:162-168. [PMID: 20132961 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation of industrially contaminated groundwater has been a proven technique for several decades. However, mass balances of contaminants are often focused in laboratory investigations. The evaluation of the transfer of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under field conditions from the saturated and vadose soil zone into the atmosphere, directly or via plants, is rarely part of the research scope. This can provoke problems--particularly with regard to legal issues--if large-scale phytoremediation sites are situated near residential areas. In this study volatilization of VOCs was quantified in a horizontal-flow constructed wetland planted with reed grass. For this purpose, a specially designed air chamber was constructed, validated, and routine sampling campaigns were performed over the course of one year. Results indicate that the overall volatilization of the observed contaminants benzene and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) depended on seasonal variations with the highest volatilization fluxes measured in summer, when the detected volatilization fluxes of 846+/-116 and 252+/-11 microg m(-2) h(-1) for MTBE and benzene, respectively, accounted for 2.4% and 5.6% of the respective overall contaminant mass loss in the planted wetland. Furthermore, chamber data give strong evidence for the increased volatilization of VOCs through vegetation by direct comparison of planted and unplanted wetlands.
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Die Erfassung von Lebensqualität in der Versorgungsforschung – konzeptuelle, methodische und strukturelle Voraussetzungen. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2009; 71:864-72. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Messungen zur Integraldosis bei Röntgenuntersuchungen des Thorax und Abdomens Erwachsener im Hinblick auf das Leukämieproblem. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1226623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Phthalates in house dust. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2009; 35:965-70. [PMID: 19446334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2009.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to generate a fast analytical method to determine the five phthalates benzylbutylphthalate (BBP), dibutylphthalate (DBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP), di-isodecylphthalate (DIDP), and di-isononylphthalate (DINP) in house dust. To achieve this liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was used for measurement. The risk of lab- and cross-contamination was nearly eliminated completely as a very short and fast sample preparation including a sieving step and an ultrasonic extraction for the analytes from the dust samples was used. Quantification through internal standard calibration resulted in low limits of determination (DEHP 4 mg kg(-1) to DBP 14 mg kg(-1)). A potential interaction between the analytes DIDP and DINP during chromatographic measurement could be excluded while performing a two level factorial design. Furthermore it was examined to what extend carpet and plastic materials respectively have influence on the total amount of phthalates in dust. It could be shown that apartments in which a minimum of both of these sources appeared revealed the lowest total amount of sum of phthalates in dust (median 362 mg kg(-1)).
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Diagnostik und Therapie krankheitsbezogener Lebensqualität bei Brustkrebspatientinnen. Eine randomisierte klinische Studie. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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