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Jiang SQ, Xu C, Li XG, Deng CZ, Yan S, Zhu XN. Mixed crushing and competitive leaching of all electrode material components and metal collector fluid in the spent lithium battery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120818. [PMID: 38599086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Hydrometallurgy is a primary method for recovering cathode electrode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Most of the current research materials are pure cathode electrode materials obtained through manual disassembly. However, the spent LIBs are typically broken as a whole during the actual industrial recycling which makes the electrode materials combined with the collector fluid. Therefore, the competitive leaching between metal collector fluid and electrode material was examined. The pyrolysis characteristics of the electrode materials were analyzed to determine the pyrolysis temperature. The electrode sheet was pyrolyzed and then crushed for competitive leaching. The effect of pyrolysis was analyzed by XPS. The competitive leaching behavior was studied based on leaching agent concentration, leaching time and leaching temperature. The composition and morphology of the residue were determined to prove the competitive leaching results by XRD-SEM. TG results showed that 500 °C was the suitable pyrolysis temperature. XPS analysis demonstrated that pyrolysis can completely remove PVDF. Li and Co were preferentially leached during the competitive leaching while the leaching rates were 90.10% and 93.40% with 50 min leaching at 70 °C. The Al and Cu had weak competitive leachability and the leaching rate was 29.10% and 0.00%. XRD-SEM analysis showed that Li and Co can be fully leached with residual Al and Cu remaining. The results showed that the mixed leaching of electrode materials is feasible based on its excellent selective leaching properties.
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Li XG, Gao Q, Jiang SQ, Nie CC, Zhu XN, Jiao TT. Review on the gentle hydrometallurgical treatment of WPCBs: Sustainable and selective gradient process for multiple valuable metals recovery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119288. [PMID: 37864943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The metal resource crisis and the inherent need for a low-carbon circular economy have driven the rapid development of e-waste recycling technology. High-value waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are an essential component of e-waste. However, WPCBs are considered hazardous to the ecosystem due to the presence of heavy metals and brominated organic polymers. Therefore, achieving the recycling of metals in WPCBs is not only a strategic requirement for building a green ecological civilization but also an essential guarantee for achieving a safe supply of mineral resources. This review systematically analyzes the hydrometallurgical technology of metals in WPCBs in recent years. Firstly, the different unit operations of pretreatment in the hydrometallurgical process, which contain disassembly, crushing, and pre-enrichment, were analyzed. Secondly, environmentally friendly hydrometallurgical leaching systems and high-value product regeneration technologies used in recent years to recover metals from WPCBs were evaluated. The leaching techniques, including cyanidation, halide, thiourea, and thiosulfate for precious metals, and inorganic acid, organic acid, and other leaching methods for base metals such as copper and nickel in WPCBs, were outlined, and the leaching performance and greenness of each leaching system were summarized and analyzed. Eventually, based on the advantages of each leaching system and the differences in chemical properties of metals in WPCBs, an integrated and multi-gradient green process for the recovery of WPCBs was proposed, which provides a sustainable pathway for the recovery of metals in WPCBs. This paper provides a reference for realizing the gradient hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from WPCBs to promote the recycling metal resources.
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Nie CC, Jiang SQ, Li XG, Wang XR, Li ZH, Zhu XN, Lyu XJ, You XF, Li L. Eco-friendly approach for enhancing the floatability of non-metallic components in waste printed circuit boards: Adding gutter oil during dry grinding. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 172:71-79. [PMID: 37717464 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are an attractive secondary resource that is challenging to dispose of due to its complexity. Reverse flotation is an effective method to remove non-metallic particles (NMPs) to obtain metals from WPCBs. Nevertheless, the removal of NMPs is usually inadequate in the present flotation practice. Thus, to provide a clean approach to improve the removal efficiency of NMPs, the method of adding gutter oil during dry grinding process was adopted to enhance the hydrophobic sites on the surface of NMPs to improve the floatability. The surface morphology of NMPs was analyzed by SEM, the results show that the rough morphology inhibited the adhesion of bubbles, while water occupied the cracks and pores, making it challenging for collector adsorption, which result in unstable particle-bubble adhesion. The results of FTIR indicate that both NMPs and gutter oil have -CH3, -CH2, -C = O, -C-O functional groups, which promotes the adsorption of gutter oil on the surface of NMPs. The contact angle (CA) results show that the adsorption of gutter oil on the particle surface is conducive to the formation of enhanced CA. Furthermore, the flotation enhancement effect was verified by flotation kinetic experiments. The accumulated floats yield of NMPs conditioned by gutter oil during grinding is increased from 67.05% (NMPs without conditioning) to 95.02%, and the resin recovery is increased by 31.10%. It is demonstrated that dry grinding with gutter oil can strengthen the floatability of NMPs, which provides a potential approach to increase the flotation efficiency of WPCBs.
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Zhu XN, He TY, Luo SL, Huang YY, Xu YB, Liu SL, Yang J. [Refractory macrophage activation syndrome in children with systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis treated with canakinumab]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:842-844. [PMID: 37650168 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230220-00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Nie CC, Shi SX, Zhu XN, Jiang SQ, Gao WH, Su HL, Li CM, Lyu XJ. Enhanced cleaner flotation behavior of non-metallic particles in waste printed circuit boards: From the perspective of particle size. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 153:167-177. [PMID: 36099727 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flotation is an attractive method for separating the different components of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) due to its cleanliness and efficiency. Non-metallic particles (NMPs) with good floatability usually need to be floated, however, it is difficult to achieve complete removal. The effect of particle size on the flotation behavior of NMPs, which is usually ignored in previous studies, is concerned in this paper. Flotation tests and kinetic analysis were carried out to reveal the effect of reagent dosage on flotation characteristics of particles in narrow size fractions. As the fineness decreases, the particles are more likely to be floated. Equally, the finer the particle size, the lower the reagent dosage required to achieve the maximum recovery. For 1-0.5 mm and -0.045 mm, the maximum recovery increased from 42.16% (1500 g/t MIBC) to 97.31% (100 g/t MIBC). Therefore, the feasibility of reducing particle size by grinding to improve floatability was verified. The results show that the reduction of particle size can significantly promote its efficiency of being floated. After grinding treatment, -0.045 mm yields in each size fraction (1-0.5, 0.5-0.25, 0.25-0.125, 0.125-0.074, 0.074-0.045 mm) increased by 22.10%, 28.42%, 30.90%, 64.56%, 89.32%, resulting in an increase of 37.71%, 13.12%, 2.82%, 7.82% and 2.00% in maximum recovery, respectively. It is also proved that the particle size, rather than the resin content, has a more significant effect on the floatability of NMPs.
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Shi SX, Jiang SQ, Nie CC, Li B, Chang HH, Zhu XN. Innovative method for removing bromine in waste printed circuit boards: Ultrafine milling and porous media loaded debromination agent. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhu XN, Nie CC, Ni Y, Zhang T, Li B, Wang DZ, Qu SJ, Qiao FM, Lyu XJ, Qiu J, Li L, Ren YG, Wu P. Advanced utilization of copper in waste printed circuit boards: Synthesis of nano-copper assisted by physical enrichment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123294. [PMID: 32629354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The copper in the waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) is cleanly recycled by physical methods and presented in the form of nano copper particles by hydrometallurgical, which provides environmental approach to the advanced utilization of metal copper. Copper in WPCBs was first pre-concentrated by gradient enrichment process including gravity separation, mechanical grinding and flotation. The leaching method was then used to dissolve copper from the flotation concentrate in ammoniacal/ammonium salt solutions. Subsequently, reduction treatment was conducted to synthesize nano-copper from leaching solution. The enrichment results of the clean physical separation process show that the grade of copper increased from 16.22% to -38.05% by gravity separation, and the grade of copper further increased to 72.62 % by flotation after dissociation, which avoids overgrinding of low value components. Copper nanoparticles can be prepared effectively, and the recovery of copper in the leaching process reaches 99 %. The particle size of copper nanoparticles obtained by ascorbic acid reduction is tens of nanometers, and the surface of copper nanoparticles is smooth and nearly spherical. The present study proposes an environmentally friendly process of preparing nano-copper from the copper in WPCBs.
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Zhu XN, Zhang YK, Zhang YQ, Yan ZQ, Nie CC, Lyu XJ, Tao YJ, Qiu J, Li L. Flotation dynamics of metal and non-metal components in waste printed circuit boards. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122322. [PMID: 32097856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Flotation is an effective and clean separation technology to realize the recovery of metal in waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). The flotation kinetic of metal and non-metal components was concerned in this study. In addition, the loading of bubbles, the collision and shedding of particles and bubbles were used to assist in proving the particle dynamics results. By analyzing the force on the particles, the load of bubbles on particles was analyzed, and the appropriate volume ratio of bubbles to particles was 1.5-8.0, depending on the particle density. Moreover, Clift model and Schiller-Naumann model has high fitting accuracy for the final bubble velocity. In addition, metal particles have greater settling velocity, which results in shorter collision time with bubbles. In the process of bubble-particle rising, the shedding probability gradually decreases, and the shedding probability of metal particles is much higher than that of non-metal particles. The results of flotation kinetics show that the removal of impurity particles represented by silicon mainly occurs in the initial stage of flotation process. The loss of copper increases with flotation time and collector dosage. This study reveals the flotation kinetics of particles from the perspectives of bubble loading, bubble-particle collision and shedding.
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Zhu XN, Zhang LY, Dong SL, Kou WJ, Nie CC, Lyu XJ, Qiu J, Li L, Liu ZX, Wu P. Mechanical activation to enhance the natural floatability of waste printed circuit boards. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 109:222-230. [PMID: 32416564 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The metal in the waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) is an excellent secondary metal resource. WPCBs were ground to dissociate, and impurities in the dissociated product were removed by gradient flotation to recover valuable metals in this study. The effects of crushing methods on size composition and dissociation state of the crushed products were studied. Then the gradient flotation experiment was designed to verify the natural floatability of ground materials. Grinding test shows that impact crushing has greater grinding fineness (-0.074 mm) than shear crushing, which is 42.14% and 26.18% respectively with 5 min grinding. The flotation test results illustrate that the natural floatability of impurities increases with the grinding fineness, that is, the yield of floats increases without flotation reagents. For impact crushing and shear crushing, the floats yields are 38.48% and 31.75% respectively, accompanied by 70.53% and 65.46% impurity removal for ground materials with 5 min grinding. Subsequently, 21.61% and 26.35% of impurities can be further removed with the aid of collector. Finally, the recovery of Cu in concentrate reaches 67.84% and 65.75%, respectively. FT-IR proves that the excellent floatability of particles is caused by the significant hydrophobic group. Mechanical grinding has been proved to have double effects of improving dissociation and natural floatability.
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Zhu XN, Nie CC, Zhang H, Lyu XJ, Qiu J, Li L. Recovery of metals in waste printed circuit boards by flotation technology with soap collector prepared by waste oil through saponification. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 89:21-26. [PMID: 31079733 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recycling metal from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) through green flotation technology has been concerned in this paper. For the sake of environmentally friendly of flotation process, a renewable collector was prepared from waste oil by saponification reaction. The collector composition was analyzed by GC-MS, and results show that the main compositions are n-Hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid and octadecanoic acid. XRD and XRF results show that copper is the main valuable element for recovery. Effects of collector dosage and pH on flotation behavior were analyzed. In addition, the feasibility of improving copper recovery by multiple sorting test processes was also verified. Flotation results show that the concentrate yield and metal recovery decreases with the increase of collector dosage, accompanied by the increase of copper grade. When the dosage of collector is 3 kg/t, concentrate with 22% yield, 66% copper grade, and 47% copper recovery is obtained. Furthermore, concentrate yield and metal recovery rate first decrease and then increase with the increase of pH, while copper content first increase and then decrease. The suitable pH of the separation process is neutral environment (pH = 6-8). The study provides an alternative process for the recovery of metals in WPCBs.
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Wang J, Zhu XN, Zhang YR, Gao YQ, Yang YP. [Current status and prospects of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for treatment of portal hypertension]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2018; 26:249-253. [PMID: 29996333 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Portal hypertension refers to a series of clinical manifestations caused by elevated pressure of the portal vein system, which can cause portal hypertension by causing portal venous obstruction and / or increased blood flow. A typical clinical manifestation in patients with decompensated cirrhosis is portal hypertension. A severe complication of portal hypertension is esophagogastric varices bleeding, refractory ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. The effective reduction of portal pressure can reduce the incidence of complications, improve the prognosis and reduce the mortality. At present, the commonly used clinical methods for reducing portal hypertension include drug therapy, minimally invasive interventions, surgical treatment, and liver transplantation. This article reviews the current status of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for portal hypertension.
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Li HZ, Zhang L, Chen JX, Zheng Y, Zhu XN. Silver-containing dressing for surgical site infection in clean and clean-contaminated operations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Surg Res 2017; 215:98-107. [PMID: 28688669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver-containing dressings for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs) remained controversial, and accumulating evidence was lacking, so a meta-analysis was conducted to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of silver-containing dressings for clean and clean-contaminated surgical incisions. METHODS Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from the inception to February 2016 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which explored silver-containing dressings for the prevention of SSIs in clean and clean-contaminated operations. Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was pooled using random effects model. Predefined subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and influence analyses were further undertaken. RESULTS Nine RCTs totaling 2196 patients (1141 in silver-containing group and 1055 in control group) were included. Silver-containing dressings did not effectively prevent the incidence of SSIs (9 RCTs; RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.66-1.29; I2 = 40%), superficial SSIs (5 RCTs; RR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.36-1.24; I2 = 36%), and deep SSIs (5 RCTs; RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.41-1.49; I2 = 0). Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and influence analyses confirmed the robustness of the pooled estimate. CONCLUSIONS The current available evidence indicated that silver-containing dressing as compared with silver-free dressing was not associated with lower incidence of SSIs. Considering the quality of evidence ranking very low, further studies with higher quality should be warranted.
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Wang FP, Zhu XN, Zhang ZB, Chen LP, Fan JL, Li QY, Chen S, Chen W. [The relationship between histone H3Ser10 phosphorylation and DNA damage in periphery blood lymphocytes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposed workers]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2017; 51:421-426. [PMID: 28464593 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure on the level of histone H3Ser10 phosphorylation (p-H3S10) and DNA damage degree in peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBLCs). Method: 75 coke oven workers from Benxi steel plant in Liaoning Province of China (PAHs-exposed group) and local 50 hot rolling workers (control group) were recruited in this study with age, working years, labor intensity and high temperature for matching factors using cluster sampling method in 2014. HPLC-fluorescence was performed to determine the level of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), DNA damage and specific histone modification were measured in PBLCs of the subjects through comet assay and ELISA assay, respectively. Linear regression model analysis was used to analyze the differences among PAHs exposure, DNA damage and p-H3S10 level in two groups. The Mediation analysis was used to analyze the regulated relationships between urinary 1-OHP, DNA damage and histone modification through the bootstrap method. Results: Age of the control and the exposed group were (45.32±8.32) and (43.87±5.67) years old (P=0.284). The concentration of urinary 1-OHP, OTM value, Tail DNA% and p-H3S10 level in exposure group were higher than that in control group, while the M (P(5)-P(95)) of p-H3S10 levels in control and exposed group were 2.21 (0.68-4.71), 4.54 (1.85-23.91) (P<0.001). The degree p-H3S10 level was increased after the subgroups which were (2.59±1.19)%, (3.24±2.81)%, (5.55±3.25)%, (8.77±7.84)%, respectively, divided by quantitated 1-OHP concentration as P(0)-P(25), P(26)-P(50), P(51)-P(75) and P(76)-P(100) (P<0.001). We also found the correlations between urinary 1-OHP and p-H3S10 level or OTM value or Tail DNA%, β (95%CI) were 0.264 (0.167-0.360), 0.500 (0.299-0.702), and 0.510 (0.384-0.671), respectively (P<0.001). Similar result was also observed between p-H3S10 level and OTM value or Tail DNA%, β (95%CI) were 0.149 (0.073-0.226) and 0.220 (0.132-0.308) (P<0.001). Moreover, the mediation effect value of DNA damage on PAHs induced p-H3S10 alteration was 0.054(P=0.040). Conclusion: The results suggested that PAHs exposure could induce DNA damage and an increase in histone H3Ser10 phosphorylation in PBLCs. Particularly, the alteration of H3S10 phosphorylation may play an important role in regulating cell DNA damage repair.
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Wang JW, Chen P, Qian XK, Li YH, Cui J, Zhu XN, Wang Y, Wang SM, Wang JS. [miR-34b-3p regulates the angiogenesis of senescent endothelial cell]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2016; 96:1293-7. [PMID: 27122465 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.16.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of miR-34b-3p on the proliferation, migration and tube formation of senescent endothelial cell. METHODS Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in vitro, and population doubling levels (PDLs) were calculated by passage. The young endothelial cell was defined as PDL8. The senescent endothelial cell was defined as PDL44. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was applied to detect the expression of miR-34b-3p in PDL8 and PDL44 HUVECs. miR-34b-3p mimic and inhibitor were transfected into PDL8 and PDL44 HUVECs. Then, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell and tube formation assays were used to determine the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs, respectively. RESULTS miR-34b-3p was significantly up-regulated approximately 4.3 times in PDL44 HUVECs than that in PDL44 HUVECs (t=-4.528, P<0.05). The proliferation, migration, total tube length and branch points of miR-34b-3p in PDL8 HUVECs group were significantly higher approximately 1.2 (0.67/0.57), 1.2 (106/86), 1.4 (10 605/7 735) and 1.3 (41/31) times than that in PDL44 HUVECs group, respectively (t=3.237, 3.564, 5.165, 3.487, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Overexpression of miR-34b-3p had significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, total tube length and branch points approximately 2.2 (0.67/0.30), 2.3 (106/46), 1.6 (10 605/6 652) and 1.9 (41/22) times in PDL8 HUVECs, respectively (F=145.898, 53.026, 41.997, 36.341, all P<0.01). Repression of miR-34b-3p had significantly increased proliferation, migration, total tube length and branch points approximately 1.4 (0.77/0.57), 2.3 (198/86), 1.7 (13 073/7 735) and 2.3 (71/31) times in PDL44 HUVECs, respectively (F=14.815, 42.970, 167.063, 258.340, all P<0.01). CONCLUSION The high expression of miR-34b-3p in senescent HUVECs could impair the proliferation, migration and tube formation of senescent endothelial cell.
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Li HZ, Chen JX, Zheng Y, Zhu XN. Laparoscopic-assisted versus open radical gastrectomy for resectable gastric cancer: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Surg Oncol 2016; 113:756-67. [PMID: 27076039 DOI: 10.1002/jso.24243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies comparing laparoscopic-assisted to open gastrectomy (OG) for resectable gastric cancer were inexhaustive, so an updated meta-analysis was performed to clarify quality of life, patient satisfaction, safety and effectiveness associated with laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy (LAG). METHODS Pubmed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library were searched from inception to December 2015 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LAG with OG for resectable gastric cancer. Relative risk (RR) and weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled with random-effects model. Furthermore, trial sequential analysis (TSA) was employed to indicate the credibility of pooled estimate. RESULTS Fourteen RCTs totaling 2,307 gastric cancer patients (1,163 in laparoscopic and 1,144 in open) were included. Compared with OG, LAG showed higher patient satisfaction and quality of life, less blood loss, hospital stay and overall postoperative morbidity, and longer operating time, which were confirmed by TSA. LAG also accelerated time to first flatus, first walking and first intake and reduced frequency of analgesic administration and days of fever. There were no significant difference between the two groups in number of retrieved lymph nodes, mortality, recurrence, long-term overall survival and disease-free survival. CONCLUSION For patients with resectable gastric cancer, LAG decreased blood loss, length of hospital stay and overall postoperative morbidity and improved postsurgical recovery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:756-767. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Jin GQ, Su DK, Xie D, Zhao W, Liu LD, Zhu XN. Distinguishing benign from malignant parotid gland tumours: low-dose multi-phasic CT protocol with 5-minute delay. Eur Radiol 2011; 21:1692-8. [PMID: 21547526 PMCID: PMC3128264 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-011-2101-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To explore the percentage enhancement wash-out ratio (PEW) and relative PEW (RPEW) of low-dose multi-phasic computed tomography (CT) in distinguishing benign from malignant parotid gland tumours. Methods This study was approved by the ethics committee, and informed patient consent was obtained. 51 patients with parotid tumours proven by histopathology received CT, including 18 with pleomorphic adenomas, 14 with Warthin’s tumours and 19 with malignant tumours. Size and attenuation of parotid tumours were measured. Compared with 5-min attenuation, the 30-s and 90-s PEW (PEW30, PEW90) and RPEW (RPEW30, RPEW90) were calculated. Results There was a significant difference in PEW30, RPEW30, PEW90 and RPEW90 in the parotid neoplasms groups (P < 0.01), and statistical significance existed simultaneously in pleomorphic adenomas vs malignant tumours and Warthin’s tumours vs malignant tumours according to SNK-q test. The optimal diagnosis results of malignancy with 100% specificity (32/32) was obtained by using a combination of the following criteria: −70% > PEW30 < 36%, −30% > PEW30 < 19%, PEW90 > 12%, and the sensitivity (74%) for diagnosis of malignancy was yield. Conclusions Wash-out ratio may assist in differentiating the benign from malignant parotid gland tumours. Combining the percentage of enhanced wash-out ratios of CT protocols can yield diagnostic results for malignancy.
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Xu ZJ, Liu W, Zhang N, Wang MW, Zhu XN. Effect of intensity clamping on laser ablation by intense femtosecond laser pulses. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:3604-3609. [PMID: 18542453 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.003604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have experimentally demonstrated that because of intensity clamping, when the laser peak power is higher than the critical power for self-focusing, further increase of the laser power cannot result in corresponding increase of the laser ablation rate of a metallic sample placed in gases. The ablation rate will finally approach a stabilized value. Also, the experimental technique implemented in our work could be potentially used to measure the self-focusing critical power and the nonlinear refractive index.
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Wang J, Chen YB, Zhu XN, Chen RZ. Activation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in long-term potentiation induced by nicotine in hippocampal CA1 region in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2001; 22:685-90. [PMID: 11749838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between activation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and hippocampal long term potentiation (LTP) induced by nicotine in area CA 1. METHODS Extracellular recording of population spike (PS) was performed within the pyramidal cell layer of hippocampal area CA1 in vitro; Western blot analysis was employed to detect the active phosphorylated state and the total protein expression of p42/44 MAPK. RESULTS PD98059 concentration-dependently (25 micromol/L, 50 micromol/L) attenuated the induction of LTP induced by nicotine 10 micromol/L; both p42 and p44 MAPK were activated with their total protein expression increasing in CA1 subregion in response to LTP induced by nicotine. CONCLUSION Activation of p42/44 MAPK pathway is required for hippocampal LTP induced by nicotine.
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Guo YM, Zhu XN, Pan JY. [Nitric oxide changes aortic function in rats with renal hypertension]. SHENG LI XUE BAO : [ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SINICA] 2000; 52:243-6. [PMID: 11956573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
This work was undertaken to investigate the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on aortic function of two-kidney and one-clip (2K1C) rats with renal hypertension. Animals were divided into 5 groups: the sham operation, 2K1C, captopril, L-arginine and L-NAME groups. The results are as follows. At the 4th week after constriction of the left renal artery, the mean arterial pressure was significantly elevated. In isolated aortic rings, acetylcholine-induced dilation was attenuated, and phenylephrine induced contractile response was markedly enhanced. The level of aorta cGMP content was significantly lowered. These changes were abolished in 2K1C rats treated with captopril. L-arginine partially reversed the aortic vascular reactivity of 2K1C rats, and elevated aortic cGMP content. In 2K1C rats treated with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME, blood pressure was increased further, acetylcholine-induced aorta diastolic response was attenuated further and cGMP content reduced, while phenylephrine-induced contractile response was unaffected. These results suggest that deficiency of nitric oxide production and increase in renin-angiotensin system activity may contribute to vascular endothelial dysfunction of 2K1C rats, and these factors may be involved in development and maintenance of 2K1C renal hypertension.
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He J, Deng CY, Chen RZ, Zhu XN, Yu JP. Long-term potentiation induced by nicotine in CA1 region of hippocampal slice is Ca(2+)-dependent. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2000; 21:429-32. [PMID: 11324441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To observe the effects of Ca2+ on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by nicotine in CA1 region of rat hippocampal slice. METHODS Extracellularly recorded population spikes (PS) of the pyramidal cell layer in the hippocampal CA1 region in vitro. RESULTS Nicotine 1 mumol.L-1 induced LTP in the hippocampal CA1 region. It did not induce LTP in CA1 region when CA2+ was removed from artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF). Nifedipine 1 and 10 mumol.L-1 partly inhibited LTP induced by nicotine, and thapsigargin 1 and 10 mumol.L-1 completely inhibited LTP induced by nicotine. CONCLUSION LTP induced by nicotine in hippocampal CA1 region is Ca(2+)-dependent. Both Ca2+ influx and Ca2+ release participate in the induction of LTP.
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Tan SJ, Pan JY, Zhan CY, Zhu XN. [Effect of angiotensin II on c-fos expression and protein synthesis in cultured rat myocardial cells]. SHENG LI XUE BAO : [ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SINICA] 1999; 51:521-6. [PMID: 11498949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study was to investigate the effects of angiotensin II on c-fos mRNA expression and protein synthesis in cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells. The results showed that angiotensin II induced c-fos mRNA expression, increased protein content in a dose-dependent manner and stimulated 3H-leucine incorporation rate. All these effects were blocked by angiotensin II receptor antagonist saralasin. The angiotensin II-induced expression of c-fos gene was also blocked by Ca2+ channel antagonist nicardipine.
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Wang TH, Wu B, Zhu XN, Pan JY. [Effect of ET-1 on intracellular free calcium in cultured neonatal myocardial cells]. SHENG LI XUE BAO : [ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SINICA] 1999; 51:391-6. [PMID: 11498966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
In this present study, the effects of ET-1 on intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and the underlying mechanisms were investigated in cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells loaded with fura-2/AM. The results are as follows. ET-1 induced an increase of [Ca2+]i in a dose-dependent manner, which consisted of a transient and sustained phase. BQ123, a selective ETA receptor antagonist, blocked the ET-1 induced [Ca2+]i responses, suggesting that these responses were mediated by ETA receptors. After removal of extracellular Ca2+, ET-1 induced the transient increase of [Ca2+]i without the sustained change. Protein kinase C (PKC) agonist PMA attenuated the ET-1 induced transient [Ca2+]i increase. Amiloride and nifedipine did not block the [Ca2+]i change induced by ET-1. After pretreatment of myocardial cells with pertussis toxin, ET-1 also induced the transient increase of [Ca2+]i but did not affect the sustained increase. These results suggest that the transient [Ca2+]i increase may involve pertussis toxin-insensitive G protein and the sustained one may be caused by extracellular calcium influx, in which pertussis toxin sensitive G protein is involved. Furthermore, PKC, but not Na+/H+ exchange, plays an important role in these effects.
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Wu B, Wang TH, Zhu XN, Pan JY. [ET-1 induces the expression of prooncogene c-fos in cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells]. SHENG LI XUE BAO : [ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SINICA] 1999; 51:19-24. [PMID: 11972170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos in cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells was investigated. The results are as follows: ET-1 induced c-fos expression in a dose-dependent manner. Selective ET(A) receptor antagonist blocked ET-1-induced responses. Protein kinase C(PKC) agonist PMA induced c-fos expression.PKC inhibitor staurosporine blocked ET-1 induced c-fos expression. Calcium channel blocker, nifedipine did not significantly affect the expression of c-fos induced by ET-1. These results suggest that in cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes, ET-1 induced c-fos gene expression is mediated by ET(A) receptor with the participation of protein kinase C, while the voltage-dependent L-type Ca(2+) channel is not involved.
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Wu B, Wang TH, Pan JY, Zhu XN, Zhan CY. [The role of G protein, protein kinase C and Na(+)-H+ exchanger in endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophic responses]. SHENG LI XUE BAO : [ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SINICA] 1998; 50:87-93. [PMID: 11324523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been shown to be a potent growth factor and to induce cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, we examined the role of G protein, protein kinase C (PKC) and Na(+)-H+ exchanger in ET-1-induced cardiac hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. ET-1 (10(-10)-10(-7) mol/L) induced promotion of 3H-leucine incorporation, increase in cell protein content and cell surface area in a dose-dependent manner with EC50 value of 5.2 x 10(-10), 5.2 x 10(-10) and 7.3 x 10(-10) mol/L respectively. All of these ET-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophic responses were completely blocked by pretreatment with staurosporine (2 nmol/L), a protein kinase C inhibitor, and stimulated by 4-phorbol, 12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA) (10(-8)-10(-6) mol/L), a protein kinase C activator, in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of amiloride (10(-4) mol/L), a Na(+)-H+ exchange inhibitor completely inhibited the ET-1-induced, but not PMA-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophic responses. The ET-1-induced increase in cardiomyocyte protein synthesis and cell surface area was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with pertussis toxin (150 ng/ml). These results suggest that ET-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was linked with pertussis toxin sensitive G protein, and PKC and Na(+)-H+ exchange may be an important intracellular signaling transduction pathway during ET-1-induced cardiac hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes.
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Zhang M, Pan JY, Zhu XN, Zhan CY. [Reduction of incidence of ischemia-reperfusion induced ventricular fibrillation by captopril]. SHENG LI XUE BAO : [ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SINICA] 1995; 47:559-64. [PMID: 8762446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of catecholamine and prostacyclin in ischemia reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation, experiments were performed in rat hearts using methods of radioimmunoassay and fluorohistochemistry. Regional myocardial ischemia was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery followed by reperfusion. In the ischemia reperfusion group, ventricular fibrillation during reperfusion took place in 78% of the hearts. In the group pretreated with captopril, the incidence of ventricular fibrillation decreased significantly (65.5%). In comparison with the ischemia reperfusion group, myocardial catecholamine content and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha of the captopril group were significantly increased (P < 0.01) while thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and TxB2/6-keto-PGF1 alpha were decreased (P < 0.01). In Ang II group, infusion of angiotensin II reversed the protective effect of captopril and restored the incidence of ventricular fibrillation (85%), while myocardial catecholamine content was not different from the ischemia reperfusion group (P > 0.05). Above results suggest that reduction of the incidence of ischemia reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation by captopril may be due to its inhibition on angiotensin II production with consequent reduction of the release of myocardial catecholamine, suppression of TxB2 and promotion of PGI2 synthesis.
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