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Heralded Three-Photon Entanglement from a Single-Photon Source on a Photonic Chip. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:130603. [PMID: 38613293 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.130603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In the quest to build general-purpose photonic quantum computers, fusion-based quantum computation has risen to prominence as a promising strategy. This model allows a ballistic construction of large cluster states which are universal for quantum computation, in a scalable and loss-tolerant way without feed forward, by fusing many small n-photon entangled resource states. However, a key obstacle to this architecture lies in efficiently generating the required essential resource states on photonic chips. One such critical seed state that has not yet been achieved is the heralded three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (3-GHZ) state. Here, we address this elementary resource gap, by reporting the first experimental realization of a heralded 3-GHZ state. Our implementation employs a low-loss and fully programmable photonic chip that manipulates six indistinguishable single photons of wavelengths in the telecommunication regime. Conditional on the heralding detection, we obtain the desired 3-GHZ state with a fidelity 0.573±0.024. Our Letter marks an important step for the future fault-tolerant photonic quantum computing, leading to the acceleration of building a large-scale optical quantum computer.
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A215 EVALUATING THE COMPARABILITY OF CARE FOR PERSONS ADMITTED TO TORONTO AREA HOSPITALS WITH ACUTE SEVERE ULCERATIVE COLITIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991339 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 20% of patients with ulcerative colitis will experience an acute severe exacerbation requiring hospitalization. Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a medical emergency associated with significant morbidity and a mortality rate of 1%. Timely initiation of treatment and assessment of clinical response is critical in the management of ASUC. With an aim to reduce treatment variability and improve outcomes, multiple gastrointestinal societies have published guidelines highlighting recommendations for optimal care in ASUC. It remains unclear how closely these guidelines are implemented in clinical practice. Measuring adherence to these recommended processes of care may act as a surrogate measure for quality of care and a way to indirectly evaluate outcomes in the management of patients with ASUC. Studies have shown that even amongst experienced providers practice pattern variability exists. Identifying significant variations in the management of patients with ASUC will highlight where improvement in guideline dissemination and greater adherence is required. Purpose We sought to evaluate how quality of care indicators varied across 7 hospital sites for patients admitted ASUC in the Greater Toronto Area. Method Using GEMINI, a research collaborative that collects and analyses data from inpatient admissions at 7 Toronto area hospitals, we identified patients admitted to hospital with ASUC from June 2016-December 2019. Hospital sites were further categorized into 3 hospital types; 1 IBD specialty centre (ISC), 3 other academic centres (AC) and 3 community centres (CC). Process measures assessed included proportion tested for C-reactive protein at baseline and following treatment initiation, duration of corticosteroid use, timing and initiation of biologic agents, rates of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and opioid use. Outcome measures included hospital length of stay, rates of colectomy and mortality. Result(s) 765 hospitalizations were included in the study; 320 occurring at ISC, 308 at AC and 137 at CC. Corticosteroid use on admission were highest at the ISC at 78% compared to 64% at AC and 63% at CC (p <0.001). Among those who received steroids on admission, 47% of patients remained on intravenous corticosteroids for at least 5 days in the ISC compared to 39% in AC and 75% in CC (p< 0.001). Initiation of biologic rescue therapy was highest at the ISC occurring in 37% of hospitalizations compared to 22% in AC and 23% in CC (p<0.001). In addition, VTE prophylaxis rates were highest at the ISC at 83% followed by 60% in AC and 45% in CC (p<0.001). Rates of colectomy were highest at ISC (12% of hospitalizations vs. 7% in AC). Conclusion(s) Greater adherence to indicators of quality of care were seen at the ISC compared to ACs and CCs, although patient outcomes assessed were not clearly different between sites. Further strategies are required to improve adherence to markers of quality care for patients admitted with ASUC. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below None Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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Magnetic Phase Diagram of the Mn xFe 2-xP 1-ySi y System. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 24:2. [PMID: 35052028 PMCID: PMC8774509 DOI: 10.3390/e24010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The phase diagram of the magnetocaloric MnxFe2-xP1-ySiy quaternary compounds was established by characterising the structure, thermal and magnetic properties in a wide range of compositions (for a Mn fraction of 0.3 ≤ x < 2.0 and a Si fraction of 0.33 ≤ y ≤ 0.60). The highest ferromagnetic transition temperature (Mn0.3Fe1.7P0.6Si0.4, TC = 470 K) is found for low Mn and high Si contents, while the lowest is found for low Fe and Si contents (Mn1.7Fe0.3P0.6Si0.4, TC = 65 K) in the MnxFe2-xP1-ySiy phase diagram. The largest hysteresis (91 K) was observed for a metal ratio close to Fe:Mn = 1:1 (corresponding to x = 0.9, y = 0.33). Both Mn-rich with high Si and Fe-rich samples with low Si concentration were found to show low hysteresis (≤2 K). These compositions with a low hysteresis form promising candidate materials for thermomagnetic applications.
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Cloning, genome structure and expression analysis of MHC class I gene in Korean quail. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:291-297. [PMID: 34649479 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1991885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a highly polymorphic region of the genome essential to immune responses and animal health. However, avian MHC genetic structure is different from that of mammals. In this study, the structure and expression of Korean quail MHC class I gene was analysed.2. The quail MHC gene consisted of eight exons and seven introns. The open reading frame of the cDNA was 353 amino acids, and the molecular weight was about 38.91 kDa. Exons 1 and 2 coded for leading peptides and alpha 1 regions, respectively. Exons 3 and 4 encoded alpha 2 and alpha 3 regions. Exons 5 to 8 coded for connecting peptides and transmembrane regions/cytoplasmic regions (TM/CY). The Korean quail MHC class I amino acid sequence shared 87% to 99% homology with Japanese quail and 71% to 75% with chicken. The amino acid shared 40% and 43% homology with humans and mice, respectively.3. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that MHC-I was highly expressed in immune tissues such as the bursa of Fabricius. Moreover, the constructed evolutionary tree was consistent with accepted evolutionary pathways.4. MHC-I is closely related to the host's immune system, and these findings may help to better understand the role of Korean quail MHC-I in the immune system.
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Vitamin D3 supplementation in controlling metabolic changes associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 35:263-266. [PMID: 33596631 DOI: 10.23812/20-639-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Knockdown of LINC00461 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer by targeting LSD1. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:10769-10775. [PMID: 31858544 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201912_19779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To uncover the function of LINC00461 in regulating cellular behaviors of gastric cancer (GC) via targeting LSD1. PATIENTS AND METHODS LINC00461 level in GC tissues with different tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging and lymphatic metastasis statues was determined by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). In vitro influences of LINC00461 on proliferative and apoptotic rates were evaluated in AGS and SGC-7901 cells. The interaction between LINC00461 and LSD1 was explored by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and qRT-PCR. Finally, the potential role of LSD1 in the proliferative ability of GC cells mediated by LINC00461 was assessed. RESULTS LINC00461 level was higher in GC tissues relative to matched control ones. It was positively correlated to TNM staging and lymphatic metastasis of GC. Knockdown of LINC00461 markedly attenuated viability and the proliferative ability of AGS and SGC-7901 cells, but induced apoptosis. RIP assay demonstrated the interaction between LINC00461 and LSD1. Moreover, LSD1 could reverse the regulatory effect of LINC00461 on the proliferative ability of GC cells. CONCLUSIONS LINC00461 is upregulated in GC, which is positively related to TNM staging and lymphatic metastasis. LINC00461 mediates proliferation and apoptosis of GC cells, thereafter aggravating the progression of GC.
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LncRNA PAPAS aggravates the progression of gastric cancer through regulating miRNA-188-5p. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:10761-10768. [PMID: 31858543 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201912_19778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To uncover the biological effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PAPAS on the progression of gastric cancer (GC) by mediating microRNA-188-5p (miRNA-188-5p) level. PATIENTS AND METHODS The relative level of PAPAS was determined in GC tissues and cell lines by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The Kaplan-Meier method was introduced to assess the prognostic potential of PAPAS in the overall survival of GC patients. Regulatory effects of PAPAS on proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of HGC-27 and AGS cells were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell, and wound closure assay, respectively. Subsequently, the binding relation between PAPAS and miRNA-188-5p was verified by the Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Correlation between expression levels of PAPAS and miRNA-188-5p in GC tissues was explored. Finally, rescue experiments were conducted to uncover the role of PAPAS/miRNA-188-5p axis in the progression of GC. RESULTS PAPAS was upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines compared to controls. GC patients expressing a high level of PAPAS suffered worse prognosis relative to those with low level. The silence of PAPAS remarkably attenuated proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of HGC-27 cells. Overexpression of PAPAS in AGS cells obtained the opposite trends. MiRNA-188-5p was the direct target of PAPAS, which was negatively regulated by PAPAS. MiRNA-188-5p was able to reverse the regulatory effects of PA-PAS on proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of GC cells. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA PAPAS is upregulated in GC and closely related to lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis of GC patients. PAPAS aggravate the malignant progression of GC by negatively regulating the miRNA-188-5p level.
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae lipids license TLR-4 for activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy to evoke a proinflammatory response. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 203:66-79. [PMID: 32894580 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an obligate pathogen that causes pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, pharyngitis and asthma in humans. It is well recognized that membrane lipoproteins are immunostimulants exerting as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory responses upon M. pneumoniae infection. Here, we report that the M. pneumoniae-derived lipids are another proinflammatory agents. Using an antibody-neutralizing assay, RNA interference or specific inhibitors, we found that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) is essential for M. pneumoniae lipid-induced tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β production. We also demonstrate that NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome (NLRP3) inflammasome, autophagy and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-dependent pathways are critical for the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, while inhibition of TLR-4 significantly abrogates these events. Further characterization revealed that autophagy-mediated inflammatory responses involved the activation of NF-κB. In addition, the activation of NF-κB promoted lipid-induced autophagosome formation, as revealed by assays using pharmacological inhibitors, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and Bay 11-7082, or silencing of atg5 and beclin-1. These findings suggest that, unlike the response to lipoprotein stimulation, the inflammation in response to M. pneumoniae lipids is mediated by the TLR-4 pathway, which subsequently initiates the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and formation of a positive feedback loop between autophagy and NF-κB signalling cascade, ultimately promoting TNF-α and Il-1β production in macrophages.
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Author Correction: Proteomic and Transcriptomic Changes in Hibernating Grizzly Bears Reveal Metabolic and Signaling Pathways that Protect against Muscle Atrophy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4381. [PMID: 32127597 PMCID: PMC7054357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61340-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Proteomic and Transcriptomic Changes in Hibernating Grizzly Bears Reveal Metabolic and Signaling Pathways that Protect against Muscle Atrophy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19976. [PMID: 31882638 PMCID: PMC6934745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy is a physiological response to disuse and malnutrition, but hibernating bears are largely resistant to this phenomenon. Unlike other mammals, they efficiently reabsorb amino acids from urine, periodically activate muscle contraction, and their adipocytes differentially responds to insulin. The contribution of myocytes to the reduced atrophy remains largely unknown. Here we show how metabolism and atrophy signaling are regulated in skeletal muscle of hibernating grizzly bear. Metabolic modeling of proteomic changes suggests an autonomous increase of non-essential amino acids (NEAA) in muscle and treatment of differentiated myoblasts with NEAA is sufficient to induce hypertrophy. Our comparison of gene expression in hibernation versus muscle atrophy identified several genes differentially regulated during hibernation, including Pdk4 and Serpinf1. Their trophic effects extend to myoblasts from non-hibernating species (including C. elegans), as documented by a knockdown approach. Together, these changes reflect evolutionary favored adaptations that, once translated to the clinics, could help improve atrophy treatment.
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Stroke in pregnancy. THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF MALAYSIA 2019; 74:246-249. [PMID: 31256185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is uncommon among young adults. However, the incidence of stroke among young women increases with pregnancy during peripartum and postpartum periods. The relative risk of suffering from haemorrhagic stroke was three times higher than ischemic stroke during these periods when compared with antenatal period. Neuroimaging should be prioritized in order to establish diagnosis and to facilitate treatment in a patient with suspected acute stroke. Prophylaxic anticoagulants should be used in high risk patients. Treatments of acute stroke in pregnant women include anti-platelet and thrombolytic agents. Further studies should be carried as there is lack of high level of evidences to formulate clear guideline for the management of stroke during pregnancy.
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Self-healing polyelectrolyte multilayered coating for anticorrosion on carbon paper. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 493:342-348. [PMID: 28119245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ideally, if the corrosion resistance coating on carbon paper (CP) can be endowed with the self-healing property, the service life and the reliability of the carbon paper will be greatly increased as the gas diffusion layer. In this paper, different cycles of s branched poly (ethyleneimine) (bPEI) and poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) were modified on the surface of the carbon paper via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technology. The prepared polyelectrolyte multilayered coatings can not only protect the carbon fiber from corrosion, but also take advantages of the surrounding water to quickly repair themselves after damaged. The effects of the assembly cycles on morphology, resistance, air permeability and the contact angle of carbon papers were investigated, then the differences of the carbon papers in electrolysis process were explored. The results reveal that all the prepared coatings can protect carbon papers from corrosion, while when the assembly cycles was 10, the coatings are most efficient.
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First Direct-Detection Constraints on eV-Scale Hidden-Photon Dark Matter with DAMIC at SNOLAB. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:141803. [PMID: 28430473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.141803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present direct detection constraints on the absorption of hidden-photon dark matter with particle masses in the range 1.2-30 eV c^{-2} with the DAMIC experiment at SNOLAB. Under the assumption that the local dark matter is entirely constituted of hidden photons, the sensitivity to the kinetic mixing parameter κ is competitive with constraints from solar emission, reaching a minimum value of 2.2×10^{-14} at 17 eV c^{-2}. These results are the most stringent direct detection constraints on hidden-photon dark matter in the galactic halo with masses 3-12 eV c^{-2} and the first demonstration of direct experimental sensitivity to ionization signals <12 eV from dark matter interactions.
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The α-β circular scanning with large range and low noise. J Microsc 2017; 266:107-114. [PMID: 28295322 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A circular-route scanning method called α-β circular scanning is proposed and realized using sinusoidal signals with a constant phase difference of π/2. Experiments show that the circular scanning range of α-β circular scanning is 57% greater than the rectangular scanning range of raster scanning within an effective optical field of view. Moreover, the scanning speed is improved by 7.8% over raster scanning because the whole sine signal is utilized in α-β circular scanning whereas the flyback area of the saw-tooth signal needs to be discarded in raster scanning. The maximum scanning acceleration decreases by a factor of 44, drastically decreasing the high noise, which should considerably elongate the lifetime of the galvanometers while inhibiting internal vibration. The proposed α-β circular scanning technique could be used in scanning imaging, optical tweezers and laser-beam fabrication.
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Study on the abuse of amantadine in tissues of broiler chickens by HPLC-MS/MS. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 40:539-544. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Diagnostic value of recombinant Tp0821 protein in serodiagnosis for syphilis. Lett Appl Microbiol 2016; 62:336-43. [PMID: 26853900 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Syphilis is a multistage sexually transmitted disease that remains a serious public health concern worldwide. The coexistence of Treponema pallidum with other closely related members of spirochaeta, such as Leptospira spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi, has complicated the serodiagnosis due to cross-reactive antigens. In this study, recombinant Tp0821 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by metal affinity chromatography. Then enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) based on Tp0821 for the detection of specific antibodies were established. The relative positive rates of the IgM ELISA and the IgG ELISA were found to be 91·0 and 98·3%, respectively, when screening 578 syphilis specimens. The specificities were 94·3 and 100%, respectively, when cross-checking with serum samples obtained from 30 patients with Lyme disease, five patients with leptospirosis, and 52 uninfected controls. In addition, relative positive rates and specificities of Tp0821 for human sera were all 100% in Western blotting. When compared to the syphilis diagnostic tests commonly used in clinical settings, we found that the results of Tp0821-based ELISAs correlated well with the results of the treponemal tests, specifically the T. pallidum particle agglutination (TP-PA) test and the chemiluminescent immunoassay (CIA). Thus, these findings identify Tp0821 as a novel serodiagnostic candidate for syphilis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY In this study, we expressed and purified the Treponema pallidum protein Tp0821 and developed Tp0821-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the detection of specific antibodies. The serodiagnostic performance of the recombinant protein was then evaluated. When compared to the results of syphilis diagnostic tests commonly used in clinical settings, we found that the reactivities of syphilitic sera with the recombinant antigen correlated well with the results of the treponemal tests, specifically the T. pallidum particle agglutination (TP-PA) test and the chemiluminescent immunoassay (CIA). Thus, the recombinant protein shows promise as a new diagnostic antigen in the ELISAs.
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Daclizumab high-yield process reduced the evolution of new gadolinium-enhancing lesions to T1 black holes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:412-5. [PMID: 26806217 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In the SELECT study, treatment with daclizumab high-yield process (DAC HYP) versus placebo reduced the frequency of gadolinium-enhancing (Gd(+) ) lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The objective of this post hoc analysis of SELECT was to evaluate the effect of DAC HYP on the evolution of new Gd(+) lesions to T1 hypointense lesions (T1 black holes). METHODS SELECT was a randomized double-blind study of subcutaneous DAC HYP 150 or 300 mg or placebo every 4 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed at baseline and weeks 24, 36 and 52 in all patients and monthly between weeks 4 and 20 in a subset of patients. MRI scans were evaluated for new Gd(+) lesions that evolved to T1 black holes at week 52. Data for the DAC HYP groups were pooled for analysis. RESULTS Daclizumab high-yield process reduced the number of new Gd(+) lesions present at week 24 (P = 0.005) or between weeks 4 and 20 (P = 0.014) that evolved into T1 black holes at week 52 versus placebo. DAC HYP treatment also reduced the percentage of patients with Gd(+) lesions evolving to T1 black holes versus placebo. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with DAC HYP reduced the evolution of Gd(+) lesions to T1 black holes versus placebo, suggesting that inflammatory lesions that evolved during DAC HYP treatment are less destructive than those evolving during placebo treatment.
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The ability of endogenous Nras oncogenes to initiate leukemia is codon-dependent. Leukemia 2016; 30:1935-8. [PMID: 27109513 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Isolation and characterization of a chalcone isomerase gene promoter from potato cultivars. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:18872-85. [PMID: 26782538 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.28.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chalcone isomerase (CHI) is a key enzyme involved in anthocyanin metabolism. Previous research on CHI has mainly focused on cDNA cloning and gene expression. In the current study, the 1425-bp potato CHI promoter (PCP) was isolated from four potato cultivars (Heijingang, Zhongshu 7, Désirée, and Favorita) using PCR and DNA sequencing. The PCP contained many cis-regulatory elements (CREs) related to anthocyanin metabolism, tissue specificity, light response, stress, and hormone induction. Of the PCP CREs identified, 19 were common to those found in the higher plants examined, based on plant CRE databases. Multiple sequence alignment showed six single nucleotide variation sites in PCP among the potato cultivars examined, resulting in changes in the number of CREs connected with tissue specificity, anthocyanin metabolism, and light response. The 665-bp PCP fragments from Favorita and 1425-bp PCP fragments from Heijingang were used to construct plant expression vectors, which may be a useful tool for biological engineering. A transient expression assay demonstrated that the two PCP fragments from Heijingang could direct the expression of a green fluorescent protein gene in onion epidermis and a β-glucuronidase gene in all potato tuber tissues with different colors, suggesting that the single nucleotide variation in the PCP did not affect its activity, and that silencing of the CHI gene in Favorita may be attributed to other regulatory factors.
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Effects of switching from placebo to peginterferon beta-1A in the advance study in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Literature update on intramuscular interferon beta-1a outcomes from four recent phase 3 trials. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effect of intramuscular interferon beta-1a on gray matter atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A retrospective analysis. Mult Scler 2015; 22:668-76. [PMID: 26238463 DOI: 10.1177/1352458515599072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in gray matter (GM) volume may be a useful measure of tissue loss in multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVES To investigate the rate, patterns, and disability correlates of GM volume change in an MS treatment clinical trial. METHODS Patients (n=140) with relapsing-remitting MS were randomized to intramuscular (IM) interferon (IFN) beta-1a or placebo. Treatment effects on GM fraction (GMF) and white matter (WM) fraction (WMF) changes, differences in rates of GMF and WMF change in year one and two on treatment, and differences in atrophy rates by disease progression status were assessed retrospectively. RESULTS Significantly less GM atrophy (during year two), but not WM atrophy (at any point), was observed with IM IFN beta-1a compared with placebo. Pseudoatrophy effects were more apparent in WM than in GM; in year one, greater WM volume loss was observed with IM IFN beta-1a than with placebo, whereas GM volume loss was similar between groups. Risk of sustained disability progression was significantly associated with GM, but not WM, atrophy. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GMF change is more meaningful than WMF as a marker of tissue loss and may be useful to augment whole brain atrophy measurements in MS clinical trials.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The Phase III ADVANCE study has shown clinical benefits for peginterferon beta-1a 125 µg dosed every 2 weeks versus placebo at 1 year in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). This study assessed the impact of peginterferon beta-1a and disease factors on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using data from ADVANCE. METHODS HRQoL was assessed at baseline and 12, 24, and 48 weeks using the 29-item Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) and other generic HRQoL measures. Changes in scores from baseline within each group and differences in mean change from baseline between groups were evaluated. Post-hoc mixed-effects repeated measures analyses were performed to assess the impact of confirmed disability progression and relapses, and the interactions of treatment and these MS events on HRQoL. Predictors with p≥0.1 were excluded from the final models, unless they were clinically meaningful. RESULTS Relapses and confirmed disability progression were major drivers of HRQoL. When comparing week 48 to baseline, in placebo-treated patients (n=500), confirmed disability progression was associated with a 6.0-point worsening (p<0.0001) of MSIS-29 physical scores, relative to a 1.9-point worsening (p=0.044) with peginterferon beta-1a every 2 weeks (n=512). Such findings were observed consistently with other generic HRQoL measures. Additionally, having a recent relapse (≤29 days before the HRQoL assessment) was associated with a 10.0-point worsening (p<0.0001) of MSIS-29 psychological scores in placebo-treated patients, compared with a 3.5-point (p=0.031) worsening with peginterferon beta-1a every 2 weeks. CONCLUSION Treatment with peginterferon beta-1a could help to improve or maintain HRQoL in addition to clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00906399.
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A role of 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation in rats with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis induced by choline-deficient diet. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:556-561. [PMID: 25843661 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It has been reported that 1,25(OH)2D3 (1,25-VD3) ameliorates the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, it is unclear whether 1,25-VD3 plays a role in NASH induced by a choline-deficient (CD) diet. In this study, we investigated the roles of 1,25-VD3 in the development and progression of NASH in rats induced by a CD diet. METHODS AND RESULTS Wistar rats with NASH induced by a CD diet were subjected to intraperitoneal injections of 1, 5, or 10 μg/kg of 1,25-VD3 twice weekly for 12 weeks. The administration of 1,25-VD3 decreased free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides (TGs), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), the number of apoptotic cells, and the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the liver, and it improved liver histology, but it did not change the total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) in the liver. Interestingly, the level of CK18-M30 was decreased in the liver of model animals. Treatment with 1,25-VD3 may restrain the downregulation of CK18-M30 in the liver and its release into the bloodstream, thus decreasing the level of serum CK18-M30. 1,25-VD3 supplementation elevated the serum level of 25(OH)D3 and the expression of VDR in the liver. The dose-effect relationship of 1,25-VD3 indicated that 1,25-VD3 slows down the development and progression of NASH induced by a CD diet, but higher doses of 1,25-VD3 may lead to adverse effects. CONCLUSION The results suggest the presence of both antagonistic and adverse dose-dependent effects of the long-term supplementation of 1,25-VD3 on NASH induced by a CD diet.
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In vitro subminimum inhibitory concentrations of macrolide antibiotics induce macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Hippokratia 2015; 19:57-62. [PMID: 26435649 PMCID: PMC4574589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to investigate the inducing effect of subminimum inhibitory concentrations of macrolide antibiotics on Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) resistance to drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS One M. pneumoniae reference strain M129 (ATCC 29342) and 104 clinical isolates were incubated at 37C for 6-8 days. Genomic DNA of M. pneumoniae was extracted using TIANamp Bacteria DNA kit and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Ten sensitive isolates obtained from 104 M. pneumoniae clinical isolates were induced by subminimum inhibitory concentrations of macrolide antibiotics. Among them, three were found to possess mutations in L4 and L22 ribosomal proteins. Two cases carried simultaneously the C162A and A430G mutations of L4 and the T279C mutation of L22. In addition, one case had only the A209T mutation of L4. CONCLUSIONS Repeated in vitro exposure to subminimum inhibitory concentrations of macrolide antibiotics could induce selective mutations in ribosomal genes of M. pneumoniae clinical isolates that cause resistance to macrolide antibiotics. Hippokratia 2015, 19 (1): 57-62.
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A prospective, open, non-randomized study on the safety and efficacy of natalizumab (tisabri) in the Russian population of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2015. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20151158225-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Natalizumab improves ambulation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results from the prospective TIMER study and a retrospective analysis of AFFIRM. Eur J Neurol 2014; 22:570-7. [PMID: 25511792 PMCID: PMC4365753 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background and purpose Impaired ambulation is a prominent disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis and can lead to reduced quality of life. Whether natalizumab, a monoclonal antibody shown to reduce disease activity in relapsing−remitting multiple sclerosis, could impact ambulation performance was examined. Methods A prospective open-label study, TIMER, was conducted in natalizumab-naive patients (n = 215). The timed 25-foot walk (T25FW) and timed 100-m walk (T100MW) were assessed at baseline and at weeks 24 and 48 of natalizumab therapy, together with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores. The effects of natalizumab on T25FW performance were also examined in a retrospective analysis of natalizumab-treated patients (n = 627) and placebo control patients (n = 315) from the AFFIRM study. Results In TIMER, a significant increase from baseline in T25FW speed was seen at week 24 (P = 0.0074) and in T100MW speed at weeks 24 and 48 (both P < 0.001). A greater proportion of patients showed clinically meaningful increases (≥20%) in walking speed on the T100MW (25%) than on the T25FW (13%) at week 48 (P = 0.032). In AFFIRM, natalizumab increased the proportion of patients with ≥20% confirmed improvement in T25FW speed at year 2 by 78% versus placebo (P = 0.0133). Conclusions Natalizumab increased walking speed in patients with relapsing−remitting multiple sclerosis. The T100MW may be more sensitive to changes in ambulation capacity than the T25FW, and both tests appear to detect clinically meaningful improvements in ambulatory function.
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The Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Two Pegylated Interferon ALFA Treatment for Chronic HCV Infection in China. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A806. [PMID: 27203040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Ten-year follow-up of the 'minimal MRI lesion' subgroup from the original CHAMPS Multiple Sclerosis Prevention Trial. Mult Scler 2014; 21:415-22. [PMID: 25344370 DOI: 10.1177/1352458514547407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions are at high risk for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, patients with a minimal MRI lesion burden (a low T2-hyperintense [low T2] lesion count) may have borderline formal diagnostic criteria, presenting a clinical management challenge. OBJECTIVE Compare the 10-year disease progression of patients with low and higher T2 lesion counts treated over most intervals. METHODS CIS patients from the original CHAMPS MS trial were retrospectively assigned to low-T2 (first quartile; 2-8 lesions) or higher-T2 (second through fourth quartiles; ≥ 9 lesions) groups using baseline T2 lesion counts. The 5- and 10-year open-label extension of CHAMPS (CHAMPIONS) evaluated conversion to clinically definite MS (CDMS), MRI activity, relapses, and disability. RESULTS The vast majority of patients showed new disease activity by MRI and/or clinical criteria at 10 years (low-T2 86%; higher-T2 98%). Fewer low-T2 than higher-T2 patients developed CDMS (40% vs. 63%; p = 0.013); low-T2 patients also had fewer new brain lesions, less brain volume loss, and less disability progression. CONCLUSION CIS patients with low T2 lesion counts show continued disease activity. However, all assessments of disease progression over 10 years indicated a significantly less severe disease course for low-T2 patients.
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Effects of micro-amounts of Porphyromonas gingivalis
lipopolysaccharide on rabbit inflammatory immune response and development of atherosclerosis. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:356-62. [PMID: 25065326 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Voltage-dependent blockade by bupivacaine of cardiac sodium channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Neurosci Bull 2014; 30:697-710. [PMID: 25008571 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-013-1449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bupivacaine ranks as the most potent and efficient drug among class I local anesthetics, but its high potential for toxic reactions severely limits its clinical use. Although bupivacaine-induced toxicity is mainly caused by substantial blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), how these hydrophobic molecules interact with the receptor sites to which they bind remains unclear. Nav1.5 is the dominant isoform of VGSCs expressed in cardiac myocytes, and its dysfunction may be the cause of bupivacaine-triggered arrhythmia. Here, we investigated the effect of bupivacaine on Nav1.5 within the clinical concentration range. The electrophysiological measurements on Nav1.5 expressed in Xenopus oocytes showed that bupivacaine induced a voltage- and concentration-dependent blockade on the peak of I Na and the half-maximal inhibitory dose was 4.51 μmol/L. Consistent with other local anesthetics, bupivacaine also induced a use-dependent blockade on Nav1.5 currents. The underlying mechanisms of this blockade may contribute to the fact that bupivacaine not only dose-dependently affected the gating kinetics of Nav1.5 but also accelerated the development of its open-state slow inactivation. These results extend our knowledge of the action of bupivacaine on cardiac sodium channels, and therefore contribute to the safer and more efficient clinical use of bupivacaine.
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Hepatocyte growth factor upregulates nexilin gene expression in cardiomyocytes via JNK pathway. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:4976-82. [PMID: 25062485 DOI: 10.4238/2014.july.4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a protective factor in myocardial injury, but its mechanisms of action have not yet been fully elucidated. Nexilin, which locates specifically to the Z-disc, is a novel Z-disc protein that enables the Z-discs to persistently withstand the extreme mechanical forces generated during muscle contraction. Therefore, we investigated the role of HGF in modulating nexilin expression in hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R)-treated cardiomyocytes. We cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes and treated them with HGF. The mRNA and protein levels of nexilin were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. H/R treatment decreased nexilin mRNA expression and nexilin protein levels in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, treatment with HGF upregulated nexilin expression and the JNK inhibitor SP600125 partly inhibited HGF-induced nexilin upregulation. In conclusion, our results suggest that ischemia-reperfusion injury may downregulate nexilin expression in cardiomyocytes, and HGF may exert its protective role during myocardial ischemic injury through upregulation of nexilin expression in cardiomyocytes.
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Clinical characteristics and therapy exploration of active human cytomegalovirus infection in 105 lupus patients. Lupus 2014; 23:889-97. [PMID: 24836584 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314532560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has protean clinical manifestations of varying severity over the course of its onset, exacerbation, remission and flare that could often pose significant challenges for clinicians in their decision making as to whether to treat aggressively or to look for concurrent conditions such as infection with opportunistic pathogens. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of those pathogens and is frequently encountered in our daily management of lupus patients. To investigate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic options of active HCMV infection in patients with SLE, we retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 105 inpatients in our department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) diagnosed with both SLE and active HCMV infection from January 2006 to January 2012. Three groups were designated that included 42 cases of HCMV triggering SLE, 31 cases of HCMV exacerbating SLE, and 32 cases of HCMV mimicking SLE flare based on the relationship of HCMV infection and SLE. 1) Hematocytopenia (81%), fever (73.3%) and liver dysfunction (54.3%) were the most common clinical manifestations. The differences among the three groups with regard to butterfly erythema, cutaneous vasculitis, arthritis, serositis, central nervous system involvement and renal involvement were statistically significant (p < 0.05). 2) Positive rate of HCMV-pp65, compared with HCMV-IgM and HCMV-DNA, was the highest (84.9%) in patients with SLE and active HCMV infection. 3) Following 14-21 days of inductive treatment with ganciclovir, a total of 26 out of 56 patients were still positive with HCMV-IgM (nine of 19, 47.6%) and pp65 (17/37, 45.9%). Among them, seven cases suffered HCMV relapses in three months with six cases of sustained HCMV-pp65 antigenemia. In conclusion, hematocytopenia, fever and liver dysfunction should remind us to consider HCMV infection. Butterfly erythema, cutaneous vasculitis, arthritis, serositis, central nervous system involvement and renal lesion were relatively characteristic symptoms of lupus activity. HCMV-pp65 is a sensitive indicator to guide antiviral therapy. Induction therapy using ganciclovir with a duration of 14∼21 days is not sufficient, and continued HCMV-pp65 positivity may require prolonged antiviral treatment in lupus patients.
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Multiscale Theory in the Molecular Simulation of Electrolyte Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:7730-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp410310m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Effects of age and size on critical swimming speed of juvenile Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis at seasonal temperatures. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2013; 82:1047-56. [PMID: 23464559 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.12015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the critical swimming speed (Ucrit , cm s(-1) ) with ontogeny of 2·5-12·5 month-old juvenile anadromous Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinesis were measured in a modified Blazka-type swimming tunnel. The absolute Ucrit increased with length, mass and age; the relative U(')crit (body lengths, s(-1) ), however, decreased. Juvenile A. sinesis did not display a parr-smolt transformation at the length or age threshold to tolerate full-strength seawater.
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Does Change in Patient-Reported QOL Correlate with Change in Other Clinical and MRI Measures in Early MS? Analysis of the 10-Year CHAMPIONS Cohort (P07.100). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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An Early Disease Activity Composite Can Predict Long-Term Disease Outcome in CHAMPIONS (PD5.010). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.pd5.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Identifying Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Who Have Aggressive Disease Characterized by Rapid Disability Progression (P05.093). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Correlation between MRI Measures and Conversion to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis in Patients Treated with Intramuscular Interferon Beta-1a (P03.036). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficacy and safety data have not previously been compiled for intramuscular interferon beta-1a (IM IFNβ-1a) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) ≥ 50 years of age. We investigated the efficacy and safety of IM IFNβ-1a in patients segregated by 50 and 40 years of age in separate meta-analyses. METHODS The MS Clinical Research Group Study, the Controlled High-Risk Subjects AVONEX(®) (IM IFNβ-1a) MS Prevention Study, the IFNβ-1a European Dose-Comparison Study, and a multicenter, open-label antigenicity and safety study of human serum albumin-free IM IFNβ-1a were analyzed. RESULTS Overall, 906 patients (68 aged ≥ 50 years and 838 aged <50 years, or 323 aged ≥ 40 years and 583 aged <40 years) received IM IFNβ-1a for ≥ 24 months. At baseline, patients ≥ 50 years had significantly higher Expanded Disability Status Scale scores than patients <50 years (3.4 vs. 2.8; P < 0.001), but fewer relapses in the three preceding years (2.6 vs. 3.4; P < 0.001); patients ≥ 40 years and <40 years exhibited similar differences. After 2 years of treatment, there were no significant differences in annualized relapse rate, sustained disability progression, time to sustained disability progression, or number of MRI-identified gadolinium-enhanced lesions between age groups in either analysis. The cumulative probability of relapse was significantly lower in patients ≥ 40 years versus patients <40 years (0.601 vs. 0.702; P < 0.001). Adverse event incidence did not differ significantly between age groups in either analysis. CONCLUSIONS IM IFNβ-1a is effective and well tolerated in patients with MS ≥ 40 and ≥ 50 years as well as younger patients.
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Functional system scores provide a window into disease activity occurring during a multiple sclerosis treatment trial. Neurol Res 2011; 33:549-552. [DOI: 10.1179/1743132810y.0000000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Change in quality of life in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis over 2 years in relation to other clinical parameters: results from a trial of intramuscular interferon {beta}-1a. Mult Scler 2011; 17:734-42. [PMID: 21300736 DOI: 10.1177/1352458510397221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of weekly intramuscular injections of interferon beta-1a (IFNβ-1a) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis included the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), a validated measure of patient-reported quality of life (QoL). OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the impact of moderate to severe SIP disability at baseline and change in QoL as measured by SIP over 2 years in relation to other study parameters. METHODS In 158 patients, SIP scores were determined at baseline and 2 years. Scores were correlated with disease progression and treatment. RESULTS Patients who experienced disability progression, as defined by Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and annualized relapse rate, during the study demonstrated significant worsening in Physical SIP scores compared with patients who did not progress (p=0.031). In patients with low SIP scores, indicating moderate or severe disability at baseline, treatment with IFNβ-1a significantly improved Physical SIP subscores. CONCLUSIONS Patients with disability progression defined using EDSS, the physician-derived primary outcome measure, had Physical SIP scores indicating worsening disability, validating the physician-derived primary outcome measure using patient self-report. Treatment with IFNβ-1a had beneficial effects on QoL in patients with worse SIP scores at baseline.
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TSLP Signaling and TH2-type Inflammation is Enhanced in Eosinophilic but not Noneosinophilic Nasal Polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a 15-year follow-up study. Mult Scler 2010; 16:588-96. [PMID: 20167591 DOI: 10.1177/1352458509360549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Disease-modifying drugs are initiated early and continued for years in patients with multiple sclerosis. Long-term tolerability and impact are not known. The objective of this study was to evaluate long-term tolerability of intramuscular interferon beta-1a and effects on disability and quality of life. Patients were evaluated an average of 15 years after randomization into a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of intramuscular interferon beta-1a for relapsing multiple sclerosis. Patient-reported Expanded Disability Status Scale, the Short Form-36, a visual analog scale of self-care independence, and a living situation questionnaire were administered. Status was ascertained in 79% (136/172) of eligible patients. Analysis focused on 122 living patients. Despite open-label, non-standardized treatment after the 2-year clinical trial, 46% (n= 56) of the patients remained on intramuscular interferon beta-1a. Expanded Disability Status Scale scores were correlated highly with Short Form-36 subcategories and visual analog scale scores. Patients currently using intramuscular interferon beta-1a had a significantly lower mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score (p= 0.011), less progression to Expanded Disability Status Scale milestones, significantly better scores on the physical component of the Short Form-36 (p< 0.0001), and reported better general health and greater independence. We conclude that patients continuing to use intramuscular interferon beta-1a had less disability and better quality of life compared with patients not currently using intramuscular interferon beta-1a 15 years after randomization into a clinical trial.
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Expression of Wnt pathway components frizzled and disheveled in colon cancer arising in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Oncol Rep 2007. [DOI: 10.3892/or.18.3.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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[The clinical application of compound induced hypotension during functional endoscopic sinus surgery]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2006; 20:1126-9. [PMID: 17357520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the clinic efficacy of compound induced hypotension during functional endoscopic sinus surgery. METHOD Sixty patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps were divided into three groups: Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) group (A), diltiazem+SNP group (B), labetalol+SNP group (C). We started induced hypotension with beginning of functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI) and ejection fraction (EF) were recorded during induced hypotension. Sugar and lactic acid in arterial and venous blood were also assayed. Then we calculate rate-pressure product (RPP), arteriovenous difference in blood glucose [D(v-a) BG], blood glucose extraction rate (BGER), arteriovenous difference in lactate [L(v-a)] and lactate produce rate (LPR). RESULT The dose of SNP applied in group B and C are fewer than group A ( P <0. 05). The cardiovascular functions and body metabolism of the patients in group B and C were stable and the anesthetic effect was satisfactory. Few adverse reaction of the drug was found in present study. CONCLUSION Induced hypotension with SNP compound of diltiazem or labetalol is an ideal way in clinical use and produce satisfied synergistic effect.
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Aesthesioneuroblastome: Identifizierung prognostisch relevanter chromosomaler Alterationen. Laryngorhinootologie 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-823606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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The clinical study of uterine malignant tumor complicated with endometriosis in 12 cases. Fertil Steril 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Present-day crustal deformation in China constrained by global positioning system measurements. Science 2001; 294:574-7. [PMID: 11641493 DOI: 10.1126/science.1063647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 845] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements in China indicate that crustal shortening accommodates most of India's penetration into Eurasia. Deformation within the Tibetan Plateau and its margins, the Himalaya, the Altyn Tagh, and the Qilian Shan, absorbs more than 90% of the relative motion between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Internal shortening of the Tibetan plateau itself accounts for more than one-third of the total convergence. However, the Tibetan plateau south of the Kunlun and Ganzi-Mani faults is moving eastward relative to both India and Eurasia. This movement is accommodated through rotation of material around the eastern Syntaxis. The North China and South China blocks, east of the Tibetan Plateau, move coherently east-southeastward at rates of 2 to 8 millimeters per year and 6 to 11 millimeters per year, respectively, with respect to the stable Eurasia.
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