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Chen JG, Johnson J, Egner P, Ng D, Zhu J, Wang JB, Xue XF, Sun Y, Zhang YH, Lu LL, Chen YS, Wu Y, Zhu YR, Carmella S, Hecht S, Jacobson L, Muñoz A, Kensler K, Rule A, Fahey J, Kensler T, Groopman J. Dose-dependent detoxication of the airborne pollutant benzene in a randomized trial of broccoli sprout beverage in Qidong, China. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:675-684. [PMID: 31268126 PMCID: PMC6736426 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airborne pollutants have collectively been classified as a known human carcinogen and, more broadly, affect the health of hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Benzene is a frequent component of air pollution, and strategies to protect individuals against unavoidable exposure to this and other airborne carcinogens could improve the public's health. Earlier clinical trials in Qidong, China, demonstrated efficacy in enhancing the detoxication of benzene using a broccoli sprout beverage. OBJECTIVES A randomized, placebo-controlled, multidose trial of a broccoli sprout beverage was designed to determine the lowest effective concentration that enhances benzene detoxication adjudged by enhanced excretion of the urinary biomarker, S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA). METHODS Following informed consent, 170 subjects were randomly assigned in 5 blocks of 34 each to drink either a placebo beverage (n = 55) or 1 of 3 graded concentrations of a broccoli sprout beverage [full (n = 25), one-half (n = 35), and one-fifth (n = 55)] for 10 consecutive days. Concentrations of SPMA arising through induced benzene conjugation with glutathione were quantified by MS in sequential 12-h overnight urine collections during the intervention. RESULTS MS was also used to quantify urinary sulforaphane metabolites in each dosing regimen that resulted in a median 24-h urinary output of 24.6, 10.3, and 4.3 µmol, respectively, confirming a dose-dependent de-escalation of the inducing principle within the beverage. A statistically significant increase in benzene mercapturic acids in urine was found for the high-dose group (+63.2%) during the 10-d period. The one-half dose (+11.3%) and one-fifth dose groups (-6.4%) were not significantly different from placebo controls. CONCLUSIONS An intervention with a broccoli sprout beverage enhanced the detoxication of benzene, an important airborne pollutant, when dosed at a concentration evoking a urinary elimination of ∼25 µmol sulforaphane metabolites per day, and it portends a practical and frugal population-based strategy to attenuate associated long-term health risks of air pollution. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02656420.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Jamie Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Egner
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Derek Ng
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Jin-Bing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Xue-Feng Xue
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Yong-Hui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Ling-Ling Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Yuan-Rong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong, China
| | - Steven Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stephen Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lisa Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alvaro Muñoz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Kensler
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Rule
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jed Fahey
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Kensler
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Groopman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA,Address correspondence to J-DG (e-mail: )
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Yang XR, Ren R, Li X, He JM, Xue XF, Zhang Y, Lei F, Tang XD, Yang LH. [Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on periodic limb movements during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1570-1573. [PMID: 29886646 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.20.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: The polysomnography (PSG) data of 828 consecutive OSA outpatients from January 2015 to January 2017 who had undergone overnight CPAP titration were analyzed retrospectively. On the basis of changes in periodic limb movements index (PLMI) values (cut off level≥15/h) from baseline PSG (BPSG) to CPAP titration PSG, patients were assigned to one of the following four groups: persistent, CPAP-emergent, CPAP-disappeared, and non-PLMS. Results: Among 828 patients, 756 (91.3%) were male and 72 (8.7%) were female. The mean age was (45.7±10.7) years old, the mean body mass index (BMI) was (27.6±3.5) kg/m(2). The rate of patients was 3.9% in the persistent group, 10.3% in the CPAP-emergent group, 7.5% in the CPAP-disappearance group, and 78.4% in the non-PLMS group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that female appeared to be associated with the persistent group (P=0.004); older age and higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) on BPSG appeared to be associated with the CPAP-emergent group (P=0.012, 0.030). On the other hand, older age was negatively associated with the non-PLMS group (P=0.006). Conclusion: Elderly patients with higher AHI at BPSG may present with CPAP-emergent PLMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Yang
- Out-patient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Chen JG, Zhang YH, Zhu J, Lu JH, Wang JB, Sun Y, Xue XF, Lu LL, Chen YS, Wu Y, Jiang XP, Ding LL, Zhang QN, Zhu YR. [Early diagnosis and early treatment for liver cancer in Qidong: survival of patients and effectiveness of screening]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2018; 39:946-951. [PMID: 29262514 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the patients' survival and effectiveness of the live cancer screening for population at high risk for liver cancer in Qidong. Methods: According to the Expert Scheme proposed the Expert Committee of Early Detection and Early Treatment, China Cancer Foundation, diagnostical screening by using combined methods of alpha-fetoprotein and B ultrasound monitoring were carried out biannually in individuals with positive HBsAg who were screened from Qidong area. The evaluation indices of the effectiveness are task completion rate of screening, detection rate of liver cancer, early diagnosis rate, and treatment rate. The deadline of the follow-up for the surviving outcome was March 31, 2016. The life-table method was used to calculate the observed survival, and to make comparison and significant tests between survival rates in Group A (those found via repeated periodic screening) and Group B (those diagnosed without periodic screening). Results: Since 2007, 38 016 target population have been screened, and 3 703(9.74%) individuals with positive HBsAg were found. Except for 29 patients with liver cancer at the initial screening, 3 674 persons in the cohort were followed up; 268 patients with liver cancer were detected from the 33 199 person-times screening, with an annual detection rate of 1.61%. Of them, 186 patients were found in Group A(1.12%), in which 149 patients were the early cases, with an early detection rate of 80.11%; 167 out of 186(89.78%) patients received treatment after diagnosis. The incidence of liver cancer in this HBsAg (+ ) cohort of 25 452 person-years was 1 052.96 per 100 000 annually, 187 cases in males(1 488.45/100 000)and 81 cases in females(628.46/100 000). The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-year survival of all patients with liver cancer were 64.55%, 40.50%, 32.54%, and 19.65%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-year survival rates were 77.16%, 49.04%, 38.53%, and 24.25% in Group A, and were 36.25%, 21.21%, 21.21%, and 0% in Group B, respectively, with significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings show that screening of individuals at high-risk of development of liver cancer, with semiannual AFP and B ultrasound, according to the Expert Scheme, is effective not only in increasing detection rate but also in detecting liver cancer at early stage, and in improving patients' survival as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Chen
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - J H Lu
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - J B Wang
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - X F Xue
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - L L Lu
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - Y S Chen
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - X P Jiang
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - L L Ding
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - Q N Zhang
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
| | - Y R Zhu
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, 226200 Qidong, China
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Xie M, Ren R, He JM, Xue XF, Li TM, Tan L, Lei F, Tang XD, Yang LH. [Gender differences of REM related obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:3763-3767. [PMID: 29325332 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.48.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the gender differences of rapid-eye-movement (REM) related obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: Consecutive patients with primary complaint of snoring from Sleep Medicine Center of West China Hospital between January 2016 and November 2016 were included in the study. All participants underwent one night polysomnography (PSG) and Epworth sleep scale (ESS) was estimated. The patients diagnosed with OSAHS were classified as REM related OSAHS (REM-OSAHS group) and non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) related OSAHS (NREM-OSAHS group) based on the PSG parameters. And the gender differences of demographic and polysomnograpic characteristics in both groups were compared. The associations between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and body mass index (BMI), neck circumference and waist circumference among patients with OSAHS were explored by multiple linear regression analysis. Results: A total of 1 258 patients were diagnosed with OSAHS. There were 997 (79.3%) male and 261 (20.7%) female among these patients, the mean age was (46.4±12.0) years old and mean BMI was (26.6±3.4) kg/m(2). There were 236 patients (18.8%) classified into REM-OSAHS group, and 1 022 patients (81.2%) classified into NREM-OSAHS group; the proportion of REM-OSAHS in female was significantly higher than that in male (34.1% vs 14.7%, P<0.001). After controlling for age, drinking, smoking, hypnotics, coffee, strong tea and sleep related parameters, in NREM-OSAHS group, AHI was positively correlated with BMI, neck circumference and waist circumference (P<0.001) both in male and female. In REM-OSAHS group, AHI was positively correlated with BMI, neck circumference and waist circumference in female (P<0.05), but only significantly correlated with BMI and waist circumference in male (P<0.05). Conclusions: REM-OSAHS is commonly seen in female OSAHS patients. Evaluation of the influences of anthropometric data on the severity of REM-OSAHS should consider the impact of gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Xie
- Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China (He Jiaming and Xue Xiaofang is working at the Department of Respiratory of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefectural People's Hospital)
| | | | | | - X F Xue
- Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China (He Jiaming and Xue Xiaofang is working at the Department of Respiratory of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefectural People's Hospital)
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Pei XJ, Xue XF, Zhu YL, Liu SJ, Han AJ, Yang QX. [Expression and clinical significance of moesin and E-cadherin in invasive carcinoma of breast, no specific type]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2016; 45:550-5. [PMID: 27510781 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation of moesin and E-cadherin with biological behavior of breast cancer and its mechanism by comparing expression of moesin and E-cadherin in breast invasive carcinoma of no specific type(BIC-NST), breast ductal carcinoma in situ(BDCIS) and normal breast tissues adjacent to carcinoma. METHODS Breast cancer cases of the Huizhou Municipal Center People Hospital were collected between Jan 2008 and Dec 2010, expression of moesin and E-cadherin in 104 cases of BIC-NST, 84 cases of BDCIS and 53 cases of normal breast tissues adjacent to carcinoma were detected by tissue-microarray and SP immunohistochemical staining. Western blot was used to detect moesin expression of 16 BIC-NST fresh tissues. RESULTS Expression rate of moesin in BIC-NST and BDCIS were significantly higher than normal tissues(P<0.01), but the expression rate of E-cadherin in BIC-NST and BDCIS were significantly lower than those of normal tissues(P<0.01). Expression rate of moesin in BIC-NST grade Ⅲ group was significantly higher than that of the grade Ⅰ group.There was a significantly positive correlation between histological grade and moesin expression(P<0.05). However, E-cadherin expression rate in BIC-NST grade Ⅲ group was significantly lower than that in grade Ⅰ group , and there was a significantly negative correlation between histological grade and E-cadherin expression(P<0.05). Moreover, no significant correlation was observed between moesin and E-cadherin expression in BDCIS tissues. Expression of moesin in clinical stage Ⅱ + Ⅲ BIC-NST was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅰ(P<0.01) . Expression of moesin was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). But no significant correlation was observed between moesin expression and age, tumor size and vascular invasion . However, expression of E-cadherin in clinical stage Ⅱ+ Ⅲ BIC-NST was significantly lower than that in stage Ⅰ(P<0.01). Expression of E-cadherin was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion (P<0.01). But no significant correlation was observed between E-cadherin expression, age and tumor size. There was a negative correlation between expression of moesin and E-cadherin in BIC-NST(P=0.021)and BDCIS(P=0.032). CONCLUSION Higher moesin and lower E-cadherin signal transduction is closely related to the recurrence and development of breast carcinoma, therefore moesin and E-cadherin might provide new targets for gene therapy in breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Pei
- Department of Pathology, the Huizhou Municipal Center People Hospital, Huizhou 516001, China
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