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Ujwal S, Sabeena S, Bhaskar R, D'Souza G, Santhosha D, Auti A, Kumar R, Ramachandran S, Hindol M, Aithal A, Bhandari Y, Jazeel A, Arunkumar G. Circulation of Asian-I and Cosmopolitan genotypes of Dengue-2 virus in northeast India, 2016-2017. J Vector Borne Dis 2020; 56:231-236. [PMID: 32655072 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.289402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Dengue is a major public health problem in northeast India where the majority of the cases go unreported and undiagnosed. Even though all four dengue serotypes are reported, there is a dearth of information on genetic diversity. The present cross-sectional study was undertaken during 2016-17 to determine the genetic variance of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) based on the envelope (E) glycoprotein gene. METHODS The serum samples collected from the northeast parts of India, as a part of hospital-based acute febrile illness surveillance, were serotyped. Viral RNA was extracted from DENV-2 serum samples using QIAquick® RNA Extraction Kit. The E gene was amplified by conventional reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the PCR products were sequenced. RESULTS The E glycoprotein gene of nine serum samples with high viral RNA concentration (Ct <25) was sequenced. The E gene sequences of eight DENV-2 strains from Assam and Meghalaya aligned with genotype IV (Cosmopolitan) and one strain from Tripura segregated with Asian-I genotype. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Ongoing laboratory-based surveillance is mandatory to understand the transmission dynamics of dengue in endemic countries. This study concluded that in northeast India, presently two distinct genotypes of DENV-2, namely genotype IVb (Cosmopolitan) and Asian-I genotype are in circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ujwal
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - S Sabeena
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - R Bhaskar
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - G D'Souza
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - D Santhosha
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - A Auti
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - R Kumar
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - S Ramachandran
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Maity Hindol
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - A Aithal
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Y Bhandari
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - A Jazeel
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - G Arunkumar
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Pal BK, Kulkarni S, Bhandari Y, Ganesh BB, Goswami K, Reddy MVR. Lymphatic filariasis: possible pathophysiological nexus with oxidative stress. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2006; 100:650-5. [PMID: 16554077 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2005] [Revised: 10/13/2005] [Accepted: 10/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wuchereria bancrofti-mediated lymphatic filariasis is widely prevalent. Diversity in immune response presumably may lead to myriad clinical presentations, such as overt chronic filariasis, occult filariasis with atypical systemic manifestation and asymptomatic microfilariae carrier state. Anticipated oxidative stress during inflammatory response to infective conditions might complicate the immune response and thus might alter the disease outcome. The present study was carried out to assess the status of oxidative stress in different clinical presentations of bancroftian filariasis. Twenty-five microfilariae carriers and 30 cases each of chronic filariasis and occult filariasis were compared to 30 endemic normal individuals. Serum malondialdehyde level and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity were measured by spectrophotometric methods and levels of filarial antigen were measured by ELISA. In the filarial cases, the levels of these parameters were assayed again after treatment with diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC). Results showed significant (P<0.05) association of oxidative stress with chronic and occult filariasis but not with microfilarial carriers. DEC therapy in both clinical cases and carriers resulted in a significant reduction of oxidative stress associated with decreased antigen level (P<0.01). These findings suggest the possible involvement of oxidative stress in filarial disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Pal
- Department of Biochemistry & JB Tropical Disease Research Centre, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra 442102, India
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Abstract
The authors report an unusual intradural subpial lipoma of the cervical spinal cord in a neurologically intact adolescent. The patient sought treatment for neck pain and had a history of previous trauma. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed the lesion. There are no reported cases of a subpial lipoma detected in the absence of any neurological deficits. A subtotal excision was performed, and pathological studies confirmed the diagnosis. Postoperatively, the patient remained neurologically intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Heary
- Section of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark
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