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Han JH, Choi SJ, Kurihara N, Koide M, Oba Y, Roodman GD. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha is an osteoclastogenic factor in myeloma that is independent of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand. Blood 2001; 97:3349-53. [PMID: 11369623 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v97.11.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A complementary DNA expression library derived from marrow samples from myeloma patients was recently screened and human macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (hMIP-1alpha) was identified as an osteoclastogenic factor expressed in these samples. hMIP-1alpha enhanced osteoclast (OCL) formation in human marrow cultures and by highly purified OCL precursors in a dose-dependent manner (5-200 pg/mL). Furthermore, hMIP-1alpha enhanced OCL formation induced by human interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is produced by marrow stromal cells when they interact with myeloma cells. hMIP-1alpha also enhanced OCL formation induced by parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL), factors also implicated in myeloma bone disease. Time-course studies revealed that the hMIP-1alpha acted during the last 2 weeks of the 3-week culture period. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the chemokine receptors for hMIP-1alpha (CCR1 and CCR5) were expressed by human bone marrow and highly purified early OCL precursors. Furthermore, hMIP-1alpha did not increase expression of RANKL. These data demonstrate that hMIP-1alpha is an osteoclastogenic factor that appears to act directly on human OCL progenitors and acts at the later stages of OCL differentiation. These data further suggest that in patients with myeloma, MIP-1alpha produced by myeloma cells, in combination with RANKL and IL-6 that are produced by marrow stromal cells in response to myeloma cells, enhances OCL formation through their combined effects on OCL precursors. (Blood. 2001;97:3349-3353)
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
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Choi SJ, Oba Y, Gazitt Y, Alsina M, Cruz J, Anderson J, Roodman GD. Antisense inhibition of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α blocks bone destruction in a model of myeloma bone disease. J Clin Invest 2001. [DOI: 10.1172/jci200113116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Oba Y, Lee JW, Ehrlich LA, Chung HY, Jelinek DF, Callander NS, Horuk R, Choi SJ, Roodman GD. MIP-1α utilizes both CCR1 and CCR5 to induce osteoclast formation and increase adhesion of myeloma cells to marrow stromal cells. Exp Hematol 2005; 33:272-8. [PMID: 15730850 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2004.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2004] [Revised: 11/09/2004] [Accepted: 11/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), an osteoclast (OCL) stimulatory factor produced by primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells, increases bone destruction and tumor burden in murine models of MM. Several chemokine receptors (CCR1, CCR5, and CCR9) mediate the effects of MIP-1alpha. In this study, we determined which of these mediates the effects of MIP-1alpha on human OCL formation and myeloma cells. METHODS We employed RT-PCR analysis, neutralizing antibodies to CCR1 and CCR5 as well as a CCR1-specific antagonist and OCL formation assays to identify the MIP-1alpha receptors involved in MIP-1alpha's effects on myeloma cells and OCL formation. RESULTS RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that both CCR1 and CCR5 were expressed by highly purified human OCL precursors, myeloma cell lines, and purified marrow plasma cells from MM patients. Neutralizing antibodies to CCR1 or CCR5 inhibited MIP-1alpha-induced OCL formation. Furthermore, monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3), which binds CCR1 but not CCR5 and the CCR1-specific antagonist, BX471, markedly inhibited OCL formation stimulated with MIP-1alpha. Anti-CCR1, anti-CCR5, or BX471 also inhibited the upregulation of beta1 integrin mRNA in myeloma cells induced by MIP-1alpha, as well as the adherence of myeloma cells to stromal cells and IL-6 production by stromal cells in response to myeloma cells. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that MIP-1alpha utilizes either CCR1 or CCR5 for its effects on OCL formation and myeloma cells, and that blocking either CCR1 or CCR5 inhibits OCL formation and myeloma cell adhesion to stromal cells.
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Watanabe M, Tanaka M, Kobayashi D, Yoshiura Y, Oba Y, Nagahama Y. Medaka (Oryzias latipes) FTZ-F1 potentially regulates the transcription of P-450 aromatase in ovarian follicles: cDNA cloning and functional characterization. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1999; 149:221-8. [PMID: 10375033 DOI: 10.1016/s0303-7207(99)00006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Our previous findings suggest the activity of cytochrome P-450 aromatase (P-450arom), the enzyme which converts testosterone to estradiol-17beta, in the ovarian follicle of medaka (Oryzias latipes) is regulated at the transcriptional level. In this study, we cloned a cDNA encoding a FTZ-F1-like protein (mdFtz-F1) from ovarian follicles of medaka. In vitro translated mdFTZ-F1, and nuclear extract from medaka ovarian follicles, formed complexes with oligonucleotide probes containing putative orphan nuclear receptor binding motifs, which are present in the promoter region of the medaka P-450arom gene. The expression pattern of mdFtz-F1 transcripts during oogenesis coincides with that of P-450arom transcripts. Transfection assays further suggest a potential transcriptional regulatory activity of mdFTZ-F1 upon the medaka P-450arom promoter. Taken together, these results suggest a potential role of mdFTZ-F1 in the transcriptional regulation of P-450arom in the ovarian follicle of medaka.
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Oba Y, Hirai T, Yoshiura Y, Yoshikuni M, Kawauchi H, Nagahama Y. Cloning, functional characterization, and expression of a gonadotropin receptor cDNA in the ovary and testis of amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 263:584-90. [PMID: 10491336 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A gonadotropin receptor was cloned from amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus) ovarian follicles. This receptor (sGTH-R) belongs to the glycoprotein hormone receptor family with a large extracellular and seven-transmembrane domains. Its sequence homology is highest with mammalian LH receptors. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that sGTH-R is grouped with mammalian and chicken FSH and LH receptors, but not with mammalian TSH receptors. sGTH-R is expressed dominantly in the ovary and testis. Functional characterization examined with transiently transfected mammalian cells revealed increased intracellular cAMP level when exposed to mammalian and fish gonadotropins; the most potent hormone was salmon GTH II. These results indicate that the cloned cDNA encodes a functional amago salmon GTH receptor protein.
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Comparative Study |
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Oba Y, Hirai T, Yoshiura Y, Yoshikuni M, Kawauchi H, Nagahama Y. The duality of fish gonadotropin receptors: cloning and functional characterization of a second gonadotropin receptor cDNA expressed in the ovary and testis of amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 265:366-71. [PMID: 10558873 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously isolated a cDNA encoding a gonadotropin receptor (sGTH-R) from amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus) ovarian follicles. In the present study, we cloned a second gonadotropin receptor (sGTH-RI) from the same RNA preparations. Overall sequence homology between sGTH-RI and sGTH-R is 44%. The highest homology occurs with mammalian FSH receptors (49%). Functional characterization examined in COS-7 cells transiently transfected with sGTH-RI showed the largest increase in cAMP production when exposed to salmon GTH I. These results provide the first evidence in any ectothermic vertebrate, the amago salmon, of the duality of gonadotropin receptors.
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de Araujo RMS, Oba Y, Moriyama K. Identification of genes related to mechanical stress in human periodontal ligament cells using microarray analysis. J Periodontal Res 2007; 42:15-22. [PMID: 17214635 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2006.00906.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Differential expression of genes in human periodontal ligament (PDL) under mechanical stress, such as orthodontic force, is thought to be involved in the remodeling of PDL cells and periodontal tissues. However, little is known about the genes expressed in PDL cells under mechanical stress. MATERIAL AND METHODS We employed microarray analysis to assess, in a comprehensive manner, the gene expression profiles in PDL cells compressed by a static force using an in vitro three-dimensional culture system. Six genes were selected and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, consistent with the microarray data. RESULTS The microarray data revealed that 108 of 30,000 genes tested were differentially expressed by mechanical force loading. Among them, 85 genes were up-regulated by mechanical stress, while 23 genes were down-regulated, judging by the thresholds of a two-fold increase/decrease compared with the controls. Thirty-two of the up-regulated and eight of the down-regulated genes, well-characterized in protein function, were involved in numerous biological processes including cell communication, cell signaling, cell cycle, stress response, and calcium release. However, several genes differentially expressed in our microarray data have not been well defined as stress-response molecules. CONCLUSION Our microarray is the first to show the gene profile in PDL cells caused by mechanical stress; however, further studies to clarify the physiological function of these molecules in PDL cells are required.
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Afanador E, Yokozeki M, Oba Y, Kitase Y, Takahashi T, Kudo A, Moriyama K. Messenger RNA expression of periostin and Twist transiently decrease by occlusal hypofunction in mouse periodontal ligament. Arch Oral Biol 2005; 50:1023-31. [PMID: 15922993 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2005.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2004] [Accepted: 04/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Periostin, which is a secreted protein that supports cell adhesion, is highly expressed in the periodontal ligament (PDL). Twist, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor and a negative regulator of osteoblast differentiation, has been found to regulate the periostin gene transcription. Since occlusal force is thought to be important in the homeostasis of the PDL, in this study we investigated the expression of periostin and Twist mRNA in the mouse periodontal tissue following removal of antagonizing teeth. Unilateral maxillary tooth extraction was performed in 3-week-old male mice to produce occlusal hypofunction of the right mandibular molars. The expressions of periostin and Twist mRNA were examined by real time-PCR and in situ hybridization at 12, 24, 72 and 168 h after the tooth extraction. The real-time PCR analysis showed that periostin and Twist mRNA significantly decreased at 24 h to 14.5 and 49.9% of those in control group, respectively. But the recovery began at 72 and 168 h, no significant difference was observed. As determined by in situ hybridization analysis, the number of periostin and Twist mRNA-expressing PDL cells showed a marked decrease at 24 h, although an increase was observed from 72 h until the distribution was almost similar to that of the control group at 168 h. These results suggested that occlusal force might have putative roles in periostin and Twist gene expression in the PDL and the changes in their expression level during hypofunction may be considered a form of adaptation to environmental changes.
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Fujihara S, Yokozeki M, Oba Y, Higashibata Y, Nomura S, Moriyama K. Function and regulation of osteopontin in response to mechanical stress. J Bone Miner Res 2006; 21:956-64. [PMID: 16753026 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.060315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Extensive histological study revealed the impairment of bone remodeling caused by mechanical stress in OPN knockout mice in a tooth movement system. Analysis of OPN promoter transgenic mice showed the mechanical stress response element(s) in the 5.5-kb upstream region. These results were also obtained with the primary cultured cells. INTRODUCTION Mechanical loading system changes the bone architecture through the stimulation of bone remodeling by the action of a numbers of molecules. Among them, we showed that osteopontin (OPN) plays an important role in response to mechanical loading in rats with an experimental system for tooth movement. The results indicate the important role of OPN in bone remodeling. However, the molecular mechanism of OPN expression in response to mechanical stress is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS OPN knockout mice and transgenic mice carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the control of the OPN promoter were used for analysis. Orthodontic closed coil springs were bonded to the maxillary first molars and incisors for the experimental tooth movement. Spatial expression of GFP and OPN was detected by in situ hybridization. RESULTS In contrast to wildtype mice, a smaller number of TRACP+ cells was detected in OPN knockout mice after treatment. In GFP-OPN5.5 mice, OPN and GFP mRNA-expressing cells were detected in bone cells after treatment, and the localization of GFP was consistent with that of endogenous OPN. An increase in the co-expression of GFP and OPN was detected when primary cultured osteoblastic cells derived from the transgenic mice were exposed to strain or pressure force. Significant increase in the number of OPN+ osteocyte was detected in the pressure side at 48 h after treatment. At 72 h, increase in the number of TRACP+ cells was detected predominantly in the pressure side. CONCLUSIONS Bone remodeling in response to mechanical stress was suppressed in OPN knockout mice. These results indicate the critical role of OPN in the process of bone remodeling. The analysis of GFP expression in the promoter transgenic mice indicated the presence of an in vivo mechanical stress response element in the 5.5-kb upstream region of the OPN gene.
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Choi SJ, Oba Y, Gazitt Y, Alsina M, Cruz J, Anderson J, Roodman GD. Antisense inhibition of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha blocks bone destruction in a model of myeloma bone disease. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:1833-41. [PMID: 11748267 PMCID: PMC209465 DOI: 10.1172/jci13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently identified macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1alpha) as a factor produced by multiple myeloma (MM) cells that may be responsible for the bone destruction in MM (1). To investigate the role of MIP-1alpha in MM bone disease in vivo, the human MM-derived cell line ARH was stably transfected with an antisense construct to MIP-1alpha (AS-ARH) and tested for its capacity to induce MM bone disease in SCID mice. Human MIP-1alpha levels in marrow plasma from AS-ARH mice were markedly decreased compared with controls treated with ARH cells transfected with empty vector (EV-ARH). Mice treated with AS-ARH cells lived longer than controls and, unlike the controls, they showed no radiologically identifiable lytic lesions. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated that osteoclasts (OCLs) per square millimeter of bone and OCLs per millimeter of bone surface of AS-ARH mice were significantly less than in EV-ARH mice, and the percentage of tumors per total bone area was also significantly decreased. AS-ARH cells demonstrated decreased adherence to marrow stromal cells, due to reduced expression of the alpha(5)beta(1) integrin and diminished homing capacity and survival. These data support an important role for MIP-1alpha in cell homing, survival, and bone destruction in MM.
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Shibata Y, Iwamatsu T, Oba Y, Kobayashi D, Tanaka M, Nagahama Y, Suzuki N, Yoshikuni M. Identification and cDNA cloning of alveolin, an extracellular metalloproteinase, which induces chorion hardening of medaka (Oryzias latipes) eggs upon fertilization. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:8349-54. [PMID: 10722665 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.12.8349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chorion hardening is triggered by the contents of cortical alveoli that are released upon fertilization of medaka (Oryzias latipes) eggs. We purified the chorion hardening-inducing activity as a single protein from the exudate of cortical alveoli of medaka eggs. This activity was co-purified with proteolytic activity of the chorion protein ZI-1,2. Based on the amino acid sequence of purified protein, we cloned the cDNA of this protein from a medaka ovarian cDNA library. Sequence analyses revealed typical sequence features, a zinc-binding motif and a methionine turn motif, of the astacin metalloproteinase family. We termed this protein "alveolin." Alveolin has a molecular mass of 21.5 kDa deduced by the amino acid sequence and neutral optimal pH range. Alveolin hydrolyzes ZI-1,2. Alveolin activity was strongly inhibited by metal-chelating agents but not by various proteinase inhibitors. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the isolation and identification of the chorion hardening-inducing factor from cortical alveoli exudate of teleost eggs.
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Oba Y, Hirai T, Yoshiura Y, Kobayashi T, Nagahama Y. Fish gonadotropin and thyrotropin receptors: the evolution of glycoprotein hormone receptors in vertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2001; 129:441-8. [PMID: 11399478 DOI: 10.1016/s1096-4959(01)00374-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We have cloned and characterized, for the first time in fish, two different gonadotropin receptors (GTHR) and a single thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) from amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Phylogenetic analyses and intron/exon structure suggest that the two GTHRs in fish are comparable to tetrapod follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone receptors. Temporal and spatial expression patterns, examined by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization, paralleled those seen in mammals and birds. Consequently, genetic and functional divergence of two GTHRs and TSHR probably occurred before the teleost and tetrapod split.
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Review |
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Miyaji T, Oba Y, Yamamoto K, Shibata S, Iuchi I, Hamilton HB. Hemoglobin Hijiyama: a new fast-moving hemoglobin in a Japanese family. Science 1968; 159:204-6. [PMID: 5634912 DOI: 10.1126/science.159.3811.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A variant of hemoglobin A, named Hb Hijiyama, found in two generations of a Japanese family living in Hiroshima, Japan, has a higher anodal electrophoretic mobility than hemoglobin A; a gain of two negative charges per molecule is indicated. Fingerprinting and amino acid analysis showed the biochemical anomaly to be in the beta chain at residue 120, where lysine is replaced by glutamic acid. In the heterozygote carriers of the abnormal hemoglobin there is no apparent association with clinical or hematologic abnormalities.
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Hayashi K, Matsutera E, Oba Y. A theoretical consideration of the abnormal behavior of histones on sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 342:185-94. [PMID: 4856861 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(74)90120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Comparative Study |
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Suda T, Kondo M, Totani R, Hashimoto N, Suzuki M, Imaki T, Oba Y, Tomori N, Yajima F, Sumitomo T. Ectopic adrenocorticotropin syndrome caused by lung cancer that responded to corticotropin-releasing hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986; 63:1047-51. [PMID: 3020074 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-63-5-1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
ACTH responses to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) were studied in three patients with the ectopic ACTH syndrome caused by lung cancer. Plasma ACTH responded to synthetic CRH in two of three patients. Tumor tissues obtained from these two patients contained CRH and ACTH. In one patient, tumor ACTH secretion was stimulated by CRH in vitro. Tumor CRH was immunologically, chromatographically, and biologically similar to hypothalamic CRH. In addition, multiple forms of immunoreactive beta-endorphin were present in plasma and the tumor extracts. From these results, we conclude that some patients with the ectopic ACTH syndrome have tumors that produce both ACTH and CRH and that CRH can stimulate ACTH secretion by such tumors. Other patients with the ectopic ACTH syndrome do not have ACTH responses to CRH. Therefore, procedures other than CRH testing are needed to differentiate patients with Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH/CRH production from those with Cushing's disease, since the latter also usually have ACTH responses to CRH.
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Case Reports |
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Oba Y, Hirai T, Yoshiura Y, Kobayashi T, Nagahama Y. Cloning, functional characterization, and expression of thyrotropin receptors in the thyroid of amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 276:258-63. [PMID: 11006115 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two thyrotropin receptor cDNAs (sTSH-Ra and sTSH-Rb) were cloned from thyroid tissue of the amago salmon, Oncorhynchus rhodurus. sTSH-Ra and sTSH-Rb showed the highest degrees of sequence homology to mammalian TSH receptors. Functional characterization in COS-7 cells transiently transfected with sTSH-Ra or sTSH-Rb showed the largest increase in cAMP when exposed to bovine TSH. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that sTSH-Ra and sTSH-Rb were expressed in the basibranchial region, but not in the ovary, testis, liver, kidney or brain. In situ hybridization revealed that sTSH-Ra and sTSH-Rb were exclusively expressed in thyroid follicular epithelial cells of amago salmon undergoing smoltification. These results indicated that the cloned cDNAs encode functional TSH receptor proteins. This is the first report of isolation of TSH receptor molecules from nonmammalian vertebrates.
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Yamamoto M, Stiegmann GV, Durham J, Berguer R, Oba Y, Fujiyama Y, McIntyre RC. Laparoscopy-guided intracorporeal ultrasound accurately delineates hepatobiliary anatomy. Surg Endosc 1993; 7:325-30. [PMID: 8351606 DOI: 10.1007/bf00725950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to develop a technique and assess the ability of a laparoscopic ultrasound probe to delineate biliary antomy and to determine the presence or absence of duct stones. METHODS Five pigs had ultrasonography of biliary structures and liver at laparoscopy followed by cholangiograms and anatomical dissection. Five patients had ultrasonography of the biliary tract at laparoscopic cholecystectomy. RESULTS All animals had adequate visualization of important hepatobiliary structure, and an optimal method of accessing these structures at laparoscopy was established. Patients had ultrasonography which used methods developed in the animal trial. All had adequate visualization of the entire common bile duct confirmed by cholangiography. Limitations in demonstrating the relationship of the cystic duct to the common duct were technical and can be corrected. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic ultrasonography has significant potential for delineation of biliary anatomy and determination of presence or absence of duct calculi. Clinical implementation could minimize the risk of iatrogenic duct injury and the need for operative cholangiography.
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Oba Y, Konishi K, Yano D, Shibata H, Kato D, Shirai T. Resurrecting the ancient glow of the fireflies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/49/eabc5705. [PMID: 33268373 PMCID: PMC7710365 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc5705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The color of firefly bioluminescence is determined by the structure of luciferase. Firefly luciferase genes have been isolated from more than 30 species, producing light ranging in color from green to orange-yellow. Here, we reconstructed seven ancestral firefly luciferase genes, characterized the enzymatic properties of the recombinant proteins, and determined the crystal structures of the gene from ancestral Lampyridae. Results showed that the synthetic luciferase for the last common firefly ancestor exhibited green light caused by a spatial constraint on the luciferin molecule in enzyme, while fatty acyl-CoA synthetic activity, an original function of firefly luciferase, was diminished in exchange. All known firefly species are bioluminescent in the larvae, with a common ancestor arising approximately 100 million years ago. Combined, our findings propose that, within the mid-Cretaceous forest, the common ancestor of fireflies evolved green light luciferase via trade-off of the original function, which was likely aposematic warning display against nocturnal predation.
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Choi SJ, Kurihara N, Oba Y, Roodman GD. Osteoclast inhibitory peptide 2 inhibits osteoclast formation via its C-terminal fragment. J Bone Miner Res 2001; 16:1804-11. [PMID: 11585344 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.10.1804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclast inhibitory peptide 2 (OIP-2) is a novel autocrine/paracrine factor produced by osteoclasts (OCLs) that inhibits bone resorption and OCL formation in vitro and in vivo. It is identical to the asparaginyl endopeptidase legumain. During maturation of OIP-2, a signal peptide and a 17-kDa C-terminal fragment (CTF) are cleaved to produce the mature enzyme. To determine if enzyme activity is required for inhibition of OCL formation or if only the CTF is responsible for these effects, we synthesized His-tagged complementary DNA (cDNA) constructs for the CTF of OIP-2, the proform of OIP-2, and the "mature enzyme" form of OIP-2. The proform or the CTF portion of OIP-2 inhibited OCL formation in a dose-dependent manner in murine bone marrow cultures stimulated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. The mature form of OIP-2, which was enzymatically active, did not inhibit OCL formation. In addition, OIP-2 inhibited OCL formation in cultures of highly purified human OCL precursor cells or RAW264.7 cells stimulated with 10 ng/ml of receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) ligand. Binding studies with His-tagged OIP-2 showed expression of a putative OIP-2 receptor on RAW264.7 cells treated with RANK ligand for 4 days and human marrow cultures treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 for 3 weeks. These data show that the CTF of OIP-2, rather than the mature enzyme, mediates the inhibitory effects of OIP-2 through a putative receptor on OCL precursors.
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Kurashina Y, Oba Y, Mizuno D. Template activity of partially dehistonized nucleohistones for DNA dependent RNA polymerase. J Biochem 1970; 67:661-5. [PMID: 5466340 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a129294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Oba Y, Sato M, Inouye S. Cloning and characterization of the homologous genes of firefly luciferase in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 15:293-9. [PMID: 16756548 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00646.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Three homologous genes of firefly luciferase were cloned from the non-luminous beetle Tenebrio molitor. Three gene products for homologues, TmLL-1, TmLL-2 and TmLL-3, showed fatty acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) synthetic activity, but not luciferase activity with firefly luciferin. The transcripts were detected through the developmental stages in T. molitor. These results suggested that firefly luciferase was evolved from a fatty acyl-coenzyme A synthetase by gene duplications in the insect.
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de Araujo RMS, Oba Y, Kuroda S, Tanaka E, Moriyama K. RhoE regulates actin cytoskeleton organization in human periodontal ligament cells under mechanical stress. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 59:187-92. [PMID: 24370190 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES RhoE and regulator of G-proteins signalling (RGS) 2 were identified as the up-regulated genes in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells under compression. RhoE belongs to the Rho GTPase family, and RGS2, a novel family of GTPase-activating proteins, turns off the G-protein signalling. Rho family proteins have recently been known to regulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics in various cell types. In this study, we investigated the involvement of RhoE and RGS2 in the regulation of actin filament organization in the PDL cells under mechanical stress. METHODS Human PDL cells were cultured and subjected to a static compressive force (3.0g/cm(2)) for 48h. To observe changes in the actin cytoskeleton and the expression of RhoE and RGS2 in response to mechanical stress, immunofluorescence analysis was performed. To examine the role of RhoE and RGS2 in actin filament organization, cells were transfected with antisense S-oligonucleotides (ODNs) to RhoE and RGS2. RESULTS Compressive force caused a loss and disassembly of actin stress fibres leading to cell spreading. Immunocytochemical study revealed that RhoE and RGS2 expressions were induced by mechanical stress and localized in the perinuclear and in the cell membrane, respectively. The impaired formation of stress fibres caused by compressive forces was recovered by treatment with antisense S-ODN to RhoE to the control levels. However, addition of antisense S-ODN to RGS2 did not affect the stress fibre formation. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the loss and disassembly of stress fibres due to mechanical stress are mediating RhoE signalling, without the exertion of RGS2.
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Oba Y, Chung HY, Choi SJ, Roodman GD. Eosinophil chemotactic factor-L (ECF-L): a novel osteoclast stimulating factor. J Bone Miner Res 2003; 18:1332-41. [PMID: 12854845 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.7.1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Screening a cDNA library enriched for genes expressed in OCLs identified ECF-L. ECF-L enhanced OCL formation without increasing RANKL levels. Anti-ECF-L inhibited RANKL-induced OCL formation. These results support a potent role of ECF-L in osteoclastogenesis. INTRODUCTION To investigate the molecular mechanisms that control osteoclastogenesis, we developed an immortalized osteoclast (OCL) precursor cell line that forms mature OCLs in the absence of stromal cells and used it to form pure populations of OCLs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) selective cDNA subtraction was used to identify genes that are highly expressed in mature OCLs compared with OCL precursors employing OCL and OCL precursors derived from this cell line. RESULTS Eosinophil chemotactic factor-L (ECF-L), a previously described chemotactic factor for eosinophils, was one of the genes identified. Conditioned media from 293 cells transfected with mECF-L cDNA, or purified ECF-L Fc protein, increased OCL formation in a dose-dependent manner in mouse bone marrow cultures treated with 10(-10) M 1,25(OH)2D3. OCLs derived from marrow cultures treated with ECF-L conditioned media formed increased pit numbers and resorption area per dentin slice compared with OCLs induced by 1,25(OH)2D3 (p < 0.01). Addition of an antisense S-oligonucleotide to mECF-L inhibited OCL formation in murine bone marrow cultures treated only with 10(-9) M 1,25(OH)2D3 compared with the sense S-oligonucleotide control. Time course studies demonstrated that ECF-L acted at the later stages of OCL formation, and chemotactic assays showed that mECF-L increased migration of OCL precursors. mECF-L mRNA was detectable in mononuclear and multinucleated cells by in situ hybridization. Interestingly, a neutralizing antibody to ECF-L blocked RANKL or 10(-9) M 1,25(OH)2D3-induced OCL formation in mouse bone marrow cultures, although ECF-L did not induce RANKL expression. CONCLUSIONS These data show ECF-L is a previously unknown factor that is a potent mediator of OCL formation, which acts at the later stages of OCL formation and enhances the effects of RANKL.
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Nakayama Y, Yamamoto T, Oba Y, Nagahama Y, Abé S. Molecular cloning, functional characterization, and gene expression of a follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in the testis of newt Cynops pyrrhogaster. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 275:121-8. [PMID: 10944452 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated in vitro that mammalian follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the proliferation of newt secondary spermatogonia and their differentiation into primary spermatocytes. In the current study, we isolated a cDNA from newt testis that encodes a FSH receptor (FSH-R). The total sequence homology in the deduced protein of the newt was approximately 70% with mammalian FSH-Rs. Mammalian cells, transiently transfected with the cloned newt FSH-R cDNA, displayed specific binding to [(125)I] human FSH and cAMP accumulation, indicating that the cloned cDNA encodes a functional newt FSH-R protein. Northern blot analysis revealed a single transcript of approximately 3.0 kb length that was synthesized in testicular somatic cells (mainly Sertoli cells) from spermatogonial to spermatid stages with the highest level expressed during the primary spermatocytes stage. These results demonstrate that FSH stimulates newt spermatogenesis through the FSH-R. This study, as far as we know, reports for the first time the cloning of an amphibian FSH-R cDNA.
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Masuta K, Oba Y, Iwata K. Linezolid Versus Vancomycin for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nosocomial Pneumonia: Controversy Continues. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55:161. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cis331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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