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Tsai YD, McGehee R, Murayama H. Resonant Self-Interacting Dark Matter from Dark QCD. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:172001. [PMID: 35570435 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.172001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present new models utilizing QCD-like dark sectors to resolve small-scale structure problems. These models of resonant self-interacting dark matter in a dark sector with QCD are based on analogies to the meson spectra in standard model QCD. We introduce a simple model that realizes resonant self-interaction (analogous to the ϕ-K-K system) and thermal freeze-out, in which dark mesons are made of two light quarks. We also consider asymmetric dark matter composed of heavy and light dark quarks to realize a resonant self-interaction (analogous to the ϒ(4S)-B-B system) and discuss the experimental probes of both setups. Finally, we comment on the possible resonant self-interactions already built into SIMP and ELDER mechanisms while using lattice results to determine feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dai Tsai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
- Fermilab, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- University of Chicago, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Robert McGehee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Hitoshi Murayama
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan
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Tsai YD, deNiverville P, Liu MX. Dark Photon and Muon g-2 Inspired Inelastic Dark Matter Models at the High-Energy Intensity Frontier. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:181801. [PMID: 34018792 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.181801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We study hidden-sector particles at past (CERN-Hamburg-Amsterdam-Rome-Moscow Collaboration and NuCal), present (NA62, SeaQuest, and DarkQuest), and future (LongQuest) experiments at the high-energy intensity frontier. We focus on exploring the minimal vector portal and the next-to-minimal models in which the productions and decays are decoupled. These next-to-minimal models have mostly been devised to explain experimental anomalies while avoiding existing constraints. We demonstrate that proton fixed-target experiments provide one of the most powerful probes for the MeV to few GeV mass range of these models, using inelastic dark matter (iDM) as an example. We consider an iDM model with a small mass splitting that yields the observed dark matter relic abundance, and a scenario with a sizable mass splitting that can also explain the muon g-2 anomaly. We set strong limits based on the CERN-Hamburg-Amsterdam-Rome-Moscow Collaboration and NuCal experiments, which come close to excluding iDM as a full-abundance thermal dark matter candidate in the MeV to GeV mass range. We also make projections based on NA62, SeaQuest, and DarkQuest and update the constraints of the minimal dark photon parameter space. We find that NuCal sets the only existing constraint in ε∼10^{-8}-10^{-4} regime, reaching ∼800 MeV in dark photon mass due to the resonant enhancement of proton bremsstrahlung production. These studies also motivate LongQuest, a three-stage retooling of the SeaQuest experiment with short (≲5 m), medium (∼5 m), and long (≳35 m) baseline tracking stations and detectors as a multipurpose machine to explore new physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dai Tsai
- Fermilab, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Patrick deNiverville
- Center for Theoretical Physics of the Universe, IBS, Daejeon 34126, Korea
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Ming Xiong Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Plestid R, Takhistov V, Tsai YD, Bringmann T, Kusenko A, Pospelov M. Constraints on millicharged particles from cosmic-ray production. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.115032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Argüelles CA, Hostert M, Tsai YD. Testing New Physics Explanations of the MiniBooNE Anomaly at Neutrino Scattering Experiments. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:261801. [PMID: 31951430 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.261801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy neutrinos with additional interactions have recently been proposed as an explanation to the MiniBooNE excess. These scenarios often rely on marginally boosted particles to explain the excess angular spectrum, thus predicting large rates at higher-energy neutrino-electron scattering experiments. We place new constraints on this class of models based on neutrino-electron scattering sideband measurements performed at MINERνA and CHARM-II. A simultaneous explanation of the angular and energy distributions of the MiniBooNE excess in terms of heavy neutrinos with light mediators is severely constrained by our analysis. In general, high-energy neutrino-electron scattering experiments provide strong constraints on explanations of the MiniBooNE observation involving light mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Matheus Hostert
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Dai Tsai
- Fermilab, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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Abstract
We set constraints and future sensitivity projections on millicharged particles (MCPs) based on electron scattering data in numerous neutrino experiments, starting with MiniBooNE and the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND). Both experiments are found to provide new (and leading) constraints in certain MCP mass windows: 5-35 MeV for LSND and 100-180 MeV for MiniBooNE. Furthermore, we provide projections for the ongoing Fermilab SBN program, the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), and the proposed Search for Hidden Particles (SHIP) experiment. In the SBN program, SBND and MicroBooNE have the capacity to provide the leading bounds in the 100-300 MeV mass regime. DUNE and SHIP are capable of probing parameter space for MCP masses in the range of 5 MeV-5 GeV that is significantly beyond the reach of existing bounds, including those from collider searches and, in the case of DUNE, the SLAC mQ experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Magill
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Ryan Plestid
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Maxim Pospelov
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yu-Dai Tsai
- Fermilab, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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Abstract
We present a novel dark matter candidate, an elastically decoupling relic, which is a cold thermal relic whose present abundance is determined by the cross section of its elastic scattering on standard model particles. The dark matter candidate is predicted to have a mass ranging from a few to a few hundred MeV, and an elastic scattering cross section with electrons, photons and/or neutrinos in the 10^{-3}-1 fb range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Kuflik
- Laboratory for Elementary Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - Maxim Perelstein
- Laboratory for Elementary Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - Nicolas Rey-Le Lorier
- Laboratory for Elementary Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - Yu-Dai Tsai
- Laboratory for Elementary Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
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Braun J, Chen JW, Deng J, Drut JE, Friman B, Ma CT, Tsai YD. Imaginary polarization as a way to surmount the sign problem in ab initio calculations of spin-imbalanced Fermi gases. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:130404. [PMID: 23581300 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.130404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
From ultracold atoms to quantum chromodynamics, reliable ab initio studies of strongly interacting fermions require numerical methods, typically in some form of quantum Monte Carlo calculation. Unfortunately, (non)relativistic systems at finite density (spin polarization) generally have a sign problem, such that those ab initio calculations are impractical. It is well-known, however, that in the relativistic case imaginary chemical potentials solve this problem, assuming the data can be analytically continued to the real axis. Is this feasible for nonrelativistic systems? Are the interesting features of the phase diagram accessible in this manner? By introducing complex chemical potentials, for real total particle number and imaginary polarization, the sign problem is avoided in the nonrelativistic case. To give a first answer to the above questions, we perform a mean-field study of the finite-temperature phase diagram of spin-1/2 fermions with imaginary polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Braun
- Institut für Kernphysik (Theoriezentrum), Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan
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Su TM, Lin YC, Lu CH, Chang WN, Liliang PP, Rau CS, Liang CL, Tsai YD, Lee TJ, Chen HJ. Streptococcal brain abscess: analysis of clinical features in 20 patients. Surg Neurol 2001; 56:189-94. [PMID: 11597651 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-3019(01)00551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the clinical features and therapeutic outcomes of brain abscess caused by streptococci. METHODS Twenty patients, 18 males and 2 females, aged 3 to 76 years, collected over a 14-year period, have been identified at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. RESULTS Among these 20 patients, 13 had viridans streptococci infection alone, one had non-A, non-B, and non-D streptococci infection alone, and the other 6 had mixed infections each including streptococci. The locations of all of the abscesses were supratentorial. Among these patients, 18 had a single abscess and 2 had multiple abscesses. Underlying conditions were common in our patients, including head trauma, heart disease, otopharyngeal infection, and medical procedures. Nineteen patients were treated surgically and 1 was treated with antibiotics alone. Nineteen survived and 1 died, with an overall mortality rate of 5%. CONCLUSION The clinical presentations and underlying conditions varied according to the different streptococcal species. Streptococcal brain abscesses accounted for 17% of our cases with brain abscesses, and 30% of our streptococcal infections had polymicrobial infections. Although streptococcal brain abscesses were commonly associated with otopharyngeal infections or infectious endocarditis, they also appeared to be often related to neurosurgical events or medical procedures in recent years. Based on our study, prognosis is favorable with early diagnosis and prompt treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University, 123 Tapei Road, Niasung Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Traumatic injury of the aorta, inferior vena cava, and iliac vessels due to penetration of the anterior anulus fibrosus and anterior longitudinal ligament is a recognized complication of lumbar disc surgery. The authors report, to the best of their knowledge, the first case of discectomy-related superior rectal artery injury treated by endovascular intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lu K, Liang CL, Cho CL, Cheng CH, Yen HL, Rau CS, Tsai YD, Chen HJ, Lee TC. Patterns of palmar skin temperature alterations during transthoracic endoscopic T2 sympathectomy for palmar hyperhidrosis. Auton Neurosci 2000; 86:99-106. [PMID: 11269931 DOI: 10.1016/s1566-0702(00)00202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transthoracic endoscopic T2 sympathectomy has been widely applied to the treatment of a variety of sympathetically mediated disorders. Palmar hyperhidrosis is probably the most common indication for thoracic sympathectomy, especially in certain subtropical areas. Which sympathetic ganglion is to be ablated and how extensive such ablation is enough to eliminate palm sweating are two important issues. Intraoperative monitoring of palmar skin temperature (PST) is the most frequently used method for assessing the accuracy as well as adequacy of ablation of the target sympathetic ganglia. With continuous monitoring of bilateral PST during the operative course of T2 sympathectomy, it was possible to depict the alterations of bilateral PST in response to specific surgical procedures in a real-time manner. For each case, a PST graph was obtained, which represented the graphical expression of intraoperatively recorded bilateral PST data plotted against time. The PST graphs of 93 consecutive cases were analysed. Three types of PST graphs existed, reflecting different responses of bilateral PST to different surgical procedures during the operation. In Type I PST graph pattern, found in 58 cases, skin incision and intercostal muscle dissection caused dramatic bilateral PST drop; and unilateral T2 sympathectomy induced synchronous bilateral PST elevation. Twenty-four cases demonstrated Type II PST graph pattern, in which unilateral T2 sympathectomy caused only ipsilateral PST elevation, although the PST-depressing effect of skin incision and muscle dissection was as significant as in Type I graph pattern. In the 11 cases who showed Type III PST graph pattern, neither skin incision nor T2 sympathectomy induced any apparent changes of PST on either side, giving rise to two rather flat PST curves on the PST graphs. These findings implicate that reciprocal interactions between bilateral sympathetic activities exist in the majority of cases, and that crossover sympathetic modulation may play a role in the neural control of the sudomotor and vasomotor activities of the palms. This study also provides information regarding how PST would possibly change following specific surgical procedures during transthoracic endoscopic T2 sympathectomy, which may be of importance to those who use intraoperative PST monitoring as a guide in determining whether or not the correct sympathetic ganglia are ablated for adequate sympathetic denervation of the palms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien 833, Taiwan, ROC
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