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Cornejo-Olivas M, Solis-Ponce L, Araujo-Aliaga I, Milla-Neyra K, Ortega O, Illanes-Manrique M, Mazzetti P, Manrique-Enciso C, Cubas-Montecino D, Saraiva-Pereira ML, Jardim LB, Sarapura-Castro E. Machado Joseph-Disease Is Rare in the Peruvian Population. Cerebellum 2023; 22:1192-1199. [PMID: 36323979 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 or Machado-Joseph disease (MJD/SCA3) is the most prevalent autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia worldwide, but its frequency varies by geographic region. We describe MJD/SCA3 patients diagnosed in a tertiary healthcare institution in Peru. In a cohort of 341 individuals (253 probands) with clinical ataxia diagnosis, seven MJD/SCA3 probands were identified and their pedigrees extended, detecting a total of 18 MJD/SCA3 cases. Out of 506 alleles from all probands from this cohort, the 23-CAG repeat was the most common ATXN3 allele (31.8%), followed by the 14-CAG repeat allele (26.1%). Normal alleles ranged from 12 to 38 repeats while pathogenic alleles ranged from 64 to 75 repeats. We identified 80 large normal (LN) alleles (15.8%). Five out of seven families declared an affected family member traced back to foreign countries (England, Japan, China, and Trinidad and Tobago). MJD/SCA3 patients showed ataxia, accompanied by pyramidal signs, dysarthria, and dysphagia as well as abnormal oculomotor movements. In conclusion, ATXN3 allelic distribution in non-MJD/SCA3 patients with ataxia is similar to the distribution in normal individuals around the world, whereas LN allele frequency reinforces no correlation with the frequency of MJD/SCA3. Evidence of any atypical MJD/SCA3 phenotype was not found. Furthermore, haplotypes are required to confirm the foreign origin of MJD/SCA3 in the Peruvian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru.
- Carrera de Medicina Humana, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
| | - Lesly Solis-Ponce
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
- Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - Ismael Araujo-Aliaga
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Karina Milla-Neyra
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Olimpio Ortega
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Maryenela Illanes-Manrique
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pilar Mazzetti
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
- Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Carla Manrique-Enciso
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Diana Cubas-Montecino
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Maria Luiza Saraiva-Pereira
- Serviço de Genética Médica e Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Deptos. de Bioquímica e Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura B Jardim
- Serviço de Genética Médica e Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Deptos. de Bioquímica e Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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