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Kim MS, Kim JH, Ahn EK, Cho YR, Han S, Lee CH, Bae GU, Oh JS, Kim KB, Seo DW. Novel functions for 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid: Inhibition of ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2688-2700. [PMID: 31958895 PMCID: PMC7028853 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of 2‐phenylbenzimidazole‐5‐sulphonic acid (PBSA), an ultraviolet B protecting agent used in sunscreen lotions and moisturizers, on ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis. PBSA treatment markedly blocked mitogen‐induced invasion through down‐regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and activity in ovarian cancer SKOV‐3 cells. In addition, PBSA inhibited mitogen‐induced cell proliferation by suppression of cyclin‐dependent kinases (Cdks), but not cyclins, leading to pRb hypophosphorylation and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. These anti‐cancer activities of PBSA in ovarian cancer cell invasion and proliferation were mediated by the inhibition of mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 3/6‐p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MKK3/6‐p38MAPK) activity and subsequent down‐regulation of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, Cdk4, Cdk2 and integrin β1, as evidenced by treatment with p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. Furthermore, PBSA suppressed the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor in SKOV‐3 cells, leading to inhibition of capillary‐like tubular structures in vitro and angiogenic sprouting ex vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate the pharmacological effects and molecular targets of PBSA on modulating ovarian cancer cell responses and tumour angiogenesis, and suggest further evaluation and development of PBSA as a promising chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Ahn
- Biocenter, Gyeonggi Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Rak Cho
- Biocenter, Gyeonggi Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon, Korea
| | - Surim Han
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Choong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Gyu-Un Bae
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joa Sub Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Kyu-Bong Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Seo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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