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Xu Y, Jiang S, Simmons CR, Narayanan RP, Zhang F, Aziz AM, Yan H, Stephanopoulos N. Tunable Nanoscale Cages from Self-Assembling DNA and Protein Building Blocks. ACS Nano 2019; 13:3545-3554. [PMID: 30835439 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cages are one of the most important targets for nanotechnology. Both proteins and DNA have been used as building blocks to create tunable nanoscale cages for a wide range of applications, but each molecular type has its own limitations. Here, we report a cage constructed from both protein and DNA building blocks through the use of covalent protein-DNA conjugates. We modified a homotrimeric protein (KDPG aldolase) with three identical single-stranded DNA handles by functionalizing a reactive cysteine residue introduced via site-directed mutagenesis. This protein-DNA building block was coassembled with a triangular DNA structure bearing three complementary arms to the handles, resulting in tetrahedral cages comprising six DNA sides capped by the protein trimer. The dimensions of the cage could be tuned through the number of turns per DNA arm (3 turns ∼ 10 nm, 4 turns ∼ 14 nm), and the hybrid structures were purified and characterized to confirm the three-dimensional structure. Cages were also modified with DNA using click chemistry and using aldolase trimers bearing the noncanonical amino acid 4-azidophenylalanine, demonstrating the generality of the method. Our approach will allow for the construction of nanomaterials that possess the advantages of both protein and DNA nanotechnology and find applications in fields such as targeted delivery, structural biology, biomedicine, and catalytic materials.
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Zhang Z, Wang H, Shi J, Xu Y, Wang L, Shihadeh S, Zhao FJ, Hao XQ, Wang P, Liu C, Wang M, Li X. Stepwise Self-Assembly and Dynamic Exchange of Supramolecular Nanocages Based on Terpridine Building Blocks. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800404. [PMID: 30062806 PMCID: PMC6345590 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Coordination-driven self-assembly as a powerful bottom-up approach has been extensively used to construct multifarious supramolecular architectures with increasing complexity and functionality. Due to the unique cavity structures and precisely controllable dimensions, 3D supramolecules display unprecedented properties and functions in catalysis, sensing, gas storage, and smart materials. Herein, we have built two 3D nanocages with different sizes by changing the length of the organic ligand arms. The structures were characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), traveling wave ion mobility-mass spectrometry (TWIM-MS), gradient tandem-mass spectrometry (gMS2 ), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, the intermolecular dynamic exchange of two 3D nanocages was conducted to construct a series of hybrid 3D structures as evidenced by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Environmental Research at Great Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33620, USA
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33620, USA
| | - Junjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yaping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33620, USA
| | - Sammy Shihadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33620, USA
| | - Fu-Jie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Environmental Research at Great Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Changlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33620, USA
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