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Yao DY, Zhang JC, Cathabard O, Zhai SQ, Liu YH, Jia ZW, Liu FQ, Wang ZG. 10-W pulsed operation of substrate emitting photonic-crystal quantum cascade laser with very small divergence. Nanoscale Res Lett 2015; 10:177. [PMID: 25977652 PMCID: PMC4402689 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0877-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High-power broad area substrate emitting photonic-crystal distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) emitting around 4.73 μm is reported. Two-dimensional centered rectangular photonic-crystal (CRPC) grating is introduced to enhance optical coherence in large area device. Main lobe far-field radiation pattern with a very small divergence angle of about 0.65° × 0.31° is obtained. A record peak output power for vertical emitting QCLs exceeding 10 W is obtained with high reflectivity (HR) coating. Robust single longitudinal mode emission with a side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of 30 dB is continuously tunable by the heat sink temperature up to 65°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Yang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Jin-Chuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Olivier Cathabard
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Shen-Qiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Ying-Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zhi-Wei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Feng-Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zhan-Guo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083 China
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Welzel S, Hempel F, Hübner M, Lang N, Davies PB, Röpcke J. Quantum cascade laser absorption spectroscopy as a plasma diagnostic tool: an overview. Sensors (Basel) 2010; 10:6861-900. [PMID: 22163581 PMCID: PMC3231133 DOI: 10.3390/s100706861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The recent availability of thermoelectrically cooled pulsed and continuous wave quantum and inter-band cascade lasers in the mid-infrared spectral region has led to significant improvements and new developments in chemical sensing techniques using in-situ laser absorption spectroscopy for plasma diagnostic purposes. The aim of this article is therefore two-fold: (i) to summarize the challenges which arise in the application of quantum cascade lasers in such environments, and, (ii) to provide an overview of recent spectroscopic results (encompassing cavity enhanced methods) obtained in different kinds of plasma used in both research and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Welzel
- INP Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; E-Mails: (F.H.); (M.H.); (N.L.); (J.R.)
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Hempel
- INP Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; E-Mails: (F.H.); (M.H.); (N.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Marko Hübner
- INP Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; E-Mails: (F.H.); (M.H.); (N.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Norbert Lang
- INP Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; E-Mails: (F.H.); (M.H.); (N.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Paul B. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK; E-Mail:
| | - Jürgen Röpcke
- INP Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; E-Mails: (F.H.); (M.H.); (N.L.); (J.R.)
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Vallon R, Soutadé J, Vérant JL, Meyers J, Paris S, Mohamed A. A compact tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer to monitor CO2 at 2.7 μm wavelength in hypersonic flows. Sensors (Basel) 2010; 10:6081-91. [PMID: 22219703 DOI: 10.3390/s100606081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the Mars planet exploration, the characterization of carbon dioxide hypersonic flows to simulate a spaceship’s Mars atmosphere entry conditions has been an important issue. We have developed a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectrometer with a new room-temperature operating antimony-based distributed feedback laser (DFB) diode laser to characterize the velocity, the temperature and the density of such flows. This instrument has been tested during two measurement campaigns in a free piston tunnel cold hypersonic facility and in a high enthalpy arc jet wind tunnel. These tests also demonstrate the feasibility of mid-infrared fiber optics coupling of the spectrometer to a wind tunnel for integrated or local flow characterization with an optical probe placed in the flow.
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