Asad L, Mirza T, Kumar S, Khatoon A. Effect of
ABO blood group on the severity and clinico-pathological parameters of COVID-19.
Pak J Med Sci 2024;
40:1022-1029. [PMID:
38827882 PMCID:
PMC11140347 DOI:
10.12669/pjms.40.5.9037]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to understand the factors affecting disease severity. Prior research has indicated the potential roles of the ABO blood group system in disease susceptibility and progression. Our objective was to investigate the association between ABO Blood groups and the severity of COVID-19 and clinicopathological parameters.
Methods
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted across three locations of Ziauddin University Hospital, including COVID-19 outpatient departments (OPDs), wards, and intensive care units (ICUs) from May 2020 to December 2020.The study utilized a non-probability convenient sampling technique with a sample size of 120 PCR-positive adult patients, as calculated by OpenEpi with a 95% confidence interval. Patients were excluded if they were under 14, intellectually impaired, post-chemotherapy or radiotherapy, or had a malignant condition. Disease severity was determined based on clinicopathological parameters and associated with blood group data using ANOVA and Chi-square tests in SPSS version 21.
Results
A significant association was found between the ABO blood groups and COVID-19 severity. Blood group-A was notably overrepresented in patients with severe COVID-19 and correlated with higher inflammatory markers and coagulation parameters.
Conclusion
ABO blood group, particularly Blood Group-A significantly associates with the severity of COVID-19. This finding suggests the potential utility of ABO blood group typing as a predictive marker for disease severity, which could contribute to personalized patient management strategies. Further research is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying this association.
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