Auscultatory versus oscillometric blood pressure measurement in patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension

BACKGROUND

The aim of our study was to investigate the reliability of automated oscillometric blood pressure (BP) monitoring in the presence and absence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in hypertensive patients.

METHODS

BP was measured and compared in 71 randomly selected patients with AF and arterial hypertension diagnosis, 4 times each by auscultatory and oscillometric (Microlife BP A6 PC with AF detection system) methods.

RESULTS

Study included 71 patients: 36 males (mean age 67.4 years) and 35 females (70.2 years). At the time of BP measuring procedure, 36 patients were in sinus rhythm (SR) and 35 in AF. In SR patients mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 132 ± 17.9 mmHg with auscultatory method (AM), 137.4 ± 19.4 mmHg with oscillometric method (OM); mean diastolic BP was 77.1 ± 10.9 mmHg (AM), 78.5 ± 12.2 mmHg (OM), in AF patients mean SBP was 127.5 ± 15.1 mmHg (AM), 133.6 ± 17.4 mmHg (OM); mean diastolic BP was 81.4 ± 9.9 mmHg (AM), 83.5 ± 11.8 mmHg (OM), p = 0.037. The averages of differences for SBP and DBP in sinus rhythm group were (-5.3 mmHg (95% limits of agreement -27.2 - 16.6)) and (-1.4 mmHg (95% limits of agreement -12.8 - 10.0)), respectively. In patients with AF the averages of differences for SBP and DBP were (-6.1 mmHg (95% limits of agreement -23.9 - 11.7)) and (-2.1 mmHg (95% limits of agreement -12.9 - 8.7)), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The oscillometric device validated for patients with AF on average gives 5.3 mmHg higher systolic BP values for patients with SR and 6.3 mmHg higher BP values for patients with AF. However, the limits of agreement between two methods reveal wide range of random error rates which is a questionable topic in clinical practice, as it could possibly affect the treatment of arterial hypertension in patients with AF.

Comparison of Blood Pressure Measurements by Currently Available Multiparameter Monitors and Mercury Column Sphygmomanometer in Patients Admitted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Background

The multiparameter monitor (MPM) is replacing mercury column sphygmomanometers (MCS) in acute care settings. However, data on the former's accuracy in critically ill children are scarce and mostly extrapolated from adults. We compared non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurements by MPMs with MCS in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Patients

Adequately sedated and hemodynamically stabilized children (age, 1-144 months) were prospectively enrolled.

Materials and methods

Three NIBP measurements were obtained from MCS (Diamond®, India) and MPM (Intellivue MX800® or Ultraview SL®) in rapid succession in the upper limb resting in supine position. Respective three measurements were averaged to obtain a paired set of NIBP readings, one each from MCS and MPM. Such readings were obtained thrice a day. NIBP readings were then compared, and agreement was assessed.

Results

From 39 children [median age (IQR), 30 (10-72) months], 1,690 sets of NIBP readings were obtained. A-third of readings were from infants and children >96 months, while 383 (22.6%) readings were from patients on inotropes. Multiparameter monitors gave significantly higher NIBP readings compared to MCS [median systolic blood pressure (SBP), 6.5 (6.4-6.7 mm Hg); diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 4.5 (4.3-4.6 mm Hg); mean arterial pressure (MAP), 5.3 (5.1-5.4 mm Hg); p < 0.05]. It was consistent across age, gender, and critical care characteristics. Multiparameter monitors overestimated SBP in 80% of readings beyond the maximal clinically acceptable difference (MCAD).

Conclusions

Non-invasive blood pressure readings from MCS and MPMs are not interchangeable; SBP was 6-7 mm Hg higher with the latter. Overestimation beyond MCAD was overwhelming. Caution is required while classifying systolic hypotension with MPMs. Confirmation with auscultatory methods is advisable. More studies are required to evaluate currently available MPMs in different pediatric age groups.

How to cite this article

Khan AA, Gupta PK, Baranwal AK, Jayashree M, Sahoo T. Comparison of Blood Pressure Measurements by Currently Available Multiparameter Monitors and Mercury Column Sphygmomanometer in Patients Admitted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023;27(3):212-221.