1
|
Romsuk J, Yasumoto S, Fukushima EO, Miura K, Muranaka T, Seki H. High-yield bioactive triterpenoid production by heterologous expression in Nicotiana benthamiana using the Tsukuba system. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:991909. [PMID: 36082301 PMCID: PMC9447470 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.991909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid found in numerous plant species and is a precursor to several bioactive triterpenoids with commercial potential. However, oleanolic acid accumulates at low levels in plants, and its chemical synthesis is challenging. Here, we established a method for producing oleanolic acid in substantial quantities via heterologous expression of pathway enzymes in Nicotiana benthamiana. The "Tsukuba system" is one of the most efficient agroinfiltration-based transient protein expression systems using the vector pBYR2HS, which contains geminiviral replication machinery and a double terminator for boosting expression. Additionally, the pBYR2HS vector contains an expression cassette for the gene-silencing suppressor p19 protein from tomato bushy stunt virus, which can also contribute to enhancing the expression of target proteins. In this study, we evaluated the applicability of this system to heterologous triterpenoid production in N. benthamiana. Medicago truncatula cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) 716A12 is the first enzyme to be functionally characterized as β-amyrin C-28 oxidase producing oleanolic acid. A mutant CYP716A12 (D122Q) with improved catalytic activity engineered in our previous study was co-expressed with other enzymes in N. benthamiana leaves. Using pBYR2HS, oleanolic acid yield was increased 13.1-fold compared with that using the conventional binary vector, indicating the advantage of the Tsukuba system. We also demonstrated the efficacy of co-expressing a mutant Arabidopsis thaliana HMGR1 catalytic domain, additional NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) transferring electrons to heterologous CYPs, and application of ascorbic acid for preventing leaf necrosis after agroinfiltration, to improve product yield. As a result, the product yields of both simple (β-amyrin) and oxidized (oleanolic acid and maslinic acid) triterpenoids were significantly improved compared with the previously reported yield in heterologous triterpenoid production in N. benthamiana leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jutapat Romsuk
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yasumoto
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ery Odette Fukushima
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Plant Translational Research Group, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Tena, Ecuador
| | - Kenji Miura
- Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshiya Muranaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hikaru Seki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hikaru Seki,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu J, Niu Y, Bakur A, Li H, Chen Q. Cell-Free Production of Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Compound Betulinic Acid from Betulin by the Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071075. [PMID: 28653998 PMCID: PMC6152010 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid is a product of plant secondary metabolism which has shown various bioactivities. Several CYP716A subfamily genes were recently characterized encoding multifunctional oxidases capable of C-28 oxidation. CYP716A12 was identified as betulin C-28 oxidase, capable of modifying betulin. This study aimed to induce the transformation of betulin to betulinic acid by co-expressing enzymes CYP716A12 from Medicago truncatula and ATR1 from Arabidopsis thaliana in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The microsome protein extracted from the transgenic yeast successfully catalyzed the transformation of betulin to betulinic acid. We also characterized the optimization of cell fragmentation, protein extraction method, and the conversion conditions. Response surface methodology was implemented, and the optimal yield of betulinic acid reached 18.70%. After optimization, the yield and the conversion rate of betulin were increased by 83.97% and 136.39%, respectively. These results may present insights and strategies for the sustainable production of betulinic acid in multifarious transgenic microbes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Wu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yongwu Niu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Abdelmoneim Bakur
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qihe Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|