1
|
Vitsos A, Ieronymaki D, Kostaki M, Almpani C, Barda C, Kikionis S, Sfiniadakis I, Dallas P, Rallis MC. In Vivo Evaluation of Wound Healing Efficacy of Gel-Based Dressings Loaded with Pycnogenol™ and Ceratothoa oestroides Extracts. Gels 2024; 10:233. [PMID: 38667652 PMCID: PMC11048808 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ceratothoa oestroides and French maritime pine bark (Pycnogenol™) extracts are considered promising therapeutic agents in wound healing. This study explores the healing efficacy of composite dressings containing these extracts, aiming to enhance their stability and effectiveness, utilizing a low-temperature vacuum method for producing Sodium Alginate-Maltodextrin gel dressings. Surgical wounds were inflicted on SKH-hr2 hairless mice. Dressings were loaded with Pycnogenol™ and/or C. oestroides extracts and assessed for their efficacy. Wound healing was primarily evaluated by clinical and histopathological evaluation and secondarily by Antera 3D camera and biophysical measurements. Dressings were stable and did not compromise the therapeutic properties of C. oestroides extract. All interventions were compared to the C. oestroides ointment as a reference product. Most of the wounds treated with the reference formulation and the C. oestrodes dressing had already closed by the 15th day, with histological scores of 7 and 6.5, respectively. In contrast, wounds treated with Pycnogenol™, either alone or in combination with C. oestroides, did not close by the end of the experiment (16th day), with histological scores reaching 15 in both cases. Furthermore, treatment with 5% Pycnogenol™ dressing appeared to induce skin thickening and increase body temperature. The study underscores the wound healing potential of C. oestroides extracts and highlights the need for further research to optimize Pycnogenol™ dosing in topical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Vitsos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (D.I.); (M.K.); (C.A.); (P.D.)
| | - Dimitra Ieronymaki
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (D.I.); (M.K.); (C.A.); (P.D.)
| | - Maria Kostaki
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (D.I.); (M.K.); (C.A.); (P.D.)
| | - Chara Almpani
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (D.I.); (M.K.); (C.A.); (P.D.)
| | - Christina Barda
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece (S.K.)
| | - Stefanos Kikionis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece (S.K.)
| | | | - Paraskevas Dallas
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (D.I.); (M.K.); (C.A.); (P.D.)
| | - Michail Christou Rallis
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (D.I.); (M.K.); (C.A.); (P.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Piazzon MC, Mladineo I, Dirks RP, Santidrián Yebra-Pimentel E, Hrabar J, Sitjà-Bobadilla A. Ceratothoa oestroides Infection in European Sea Bass: Revealing a Long Misunderstood Relationship. Front Immunol 2021; 12:645607. [PMID: 33777043 PMCID: PMC7991915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.645607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceratothoa oestroides (Cymothoidea, Isopoda) is a generalist crustacean parasite that negatively affects the economic sustainability of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) aquaculture in the North-East Mediterranean. While mortalities are observed in fry and fingerlings, infection in juvenile and adult fish result in approximately 20% growth delay. A transcriptomic analysis (PCR array, RNA-Seq) was performed on organs (tongue, spleen, head kidney, and liver) from infected vs. Ceratothoa-free sea bass fingerlings. Activation of local and systemic immune responses was detected, particularly in the spleen, characterized by the upregulation of cytokines (also in the tongue), a general reshaping of the immunoglobulin (Ig) response and suppression of T-cell mediated responses. Interestingly, starvation and iron transport and metabolism genes were strongly downregulated, suggesting that the parasite feeding strategy is not likely hematophagous. The regulation of genes related to growth impairment and starvation supported the growth delay observed in infected animals. Most differentially expressed (DE) transcripts were exclusive of a specific organ; however, only in the tongue, the difference between infected and uninfected fish was significant. At the attachment/feeding site, the pathways involved in muscle contraction and intercellular junction were the most upregulated, whereas the pathways involved in fibrosis (extracellular matrix organization, collagen formation, and biosynthesis) were downregulated. These results suggest that parasite-inflicted damage is successfully mitigated by the host and characterized by regenerative processes that prevail over the reparative ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Carla Piazzon
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - Ivona Mladineo
- Laboratory for Aquaculture, Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, Croatia.,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Ron P Dirks
- Future Genomics Technology, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Jerko Hrabar
- Laboratory for Aquaculture, Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, Croatia
| | - Ariadna Sitjà-Bobadilla
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mladineo I, Hrabar J, Trumbić Ž, Manousaki T, Tsakogiannis A, Taggart JB, Tsigenopoulos CS. Community Parameters and Genome-Wide RAD-Seq Loci of Ceratothoa oestroides Imply Its Transfer between Farmed European Sea Bass and Wild Farm-Aggregating Fish. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020100. [PMID: 33494355 PMCID: PMC7912605 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild fish assemblages that aggregate within commercial marine aquaculture sites for feeding and shelter have been considered as a primary source of pathogenic parasites vectored to farmed fish maintained in net pens at an elevated density. In order to evaluate whether Ceratothoa oestroides (Isopoda, Cymothoidae), a generalist and pestilent isopod that is frequently found in Adriatic and Greek stocks of farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), transfers between wild and farmed fish, a RAD-Seq (restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing)-mediated genetic screening approach was employed. The double-digest RAD-Seq of 310 C. oestroides specimens collected from farmed European sea bass (138) and different wild farm-aggregating fish (172) identified 313 robust SNPs that evidenced a close genetic relatedness between the “wild” and “farmed” genotypes. ddRAD-Seq proved to be an effective method for detecting the discrete genetic structuring of C. oestroides and genotype intermixing between two populations. The parasite prevalence in the farmed sea bass was 1.02%, with a mean intensity of 2.0 and mean abundance of 0.02, while in the wild fish, the prevalence was 8.1%; the mean intensity, 1.81; and the mean abundance, 0.15. Such differences are likely a consequence of human interventions during the farmed fish’s rearing cycle that, nevertheless, did not affect the transfer of C. oestroides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivona Mladineo
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Laboratory of Aquaculture, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Science, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: or
| | - Jerko Hrabar
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Laboratory of Aquaculture, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Željka Trumbić
- University Department of Marine Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Tereza Manousaki
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (T.M.); (A.T.); (C.S.T.)
| | - Alexandros Tsakogiannis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (T.M.); (A.T.); (C.S.T.)
| | - John B. Taggart
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK;
| | - Costas S. Tsigenopoulos
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (T.M.); (A.T.); (C.S.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sofrona E, Tziveleka LA, Harizani M, Koroli P, Sfiniadakis I, Roussis V, Rallis M, Ioannou E. In Vivo Evaluation of the Wound Healing Activity of Extracts and Bioactive Constituents of the Marine Isopod Ceratothoa oestroides. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E219. [PMID: 32325719 PMCID: PMC7230750 DOI: 10.3390/md18040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a fundamental response to tissue injury and a number of natural products has been found to accelerate the healing process. Herein, we report the preparation of a series of different polarity (organic and aqueous) extracts of the marine isopod Ceratothoa oestroides and the in vivo evaluation of their wound healing activity after topical administration of ointments incorporating the various extracts on wounds inflicted on SKH-hr1 hairless mice. The most active extract was fractionated for enrichment in the bioactive constituents and the fractions were further evaluated for their wound healing activity, while their chemical profiles were analyzed. Wound healing was evaluated by clinical assessment, photo-documentation, histopathological analysis and measurement of biophysical skin parameters, such as transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration, elasticity, and skin thickness. The highest levels of activity were exerted by treatment of the wounds with a fraction rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), as well as myristic and palmitoleic acids. Topical application of the bioactive fraction on the wounds of mice resulted in complete wound closure with a skin of almost normal architecture without any inflammatory elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Sofrona
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (L.-A.T.); (M.H.); (V.R.)
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece;
| | - Leto-Aikaterini Tziveleka
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (L.-A.T.); (M.H.); (V.R.)
| | - Maria Harizani
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (L.-A.T.); (M.H.); (V.R.)
| | - Panagiota Koroli
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Vassilios Roussis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (L.-A.T.); (M.H.); (V.R.)
| | - Michail Rallis
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece;
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (L.-A.T.); (M.H.); (V.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mladineo I, Hrabar J, Vidjak O, Bočina I, Čolak S, Katharios P, Cascarano MC, Keklikoglou K, Volpatti D, Beraldo P. Host-Parasite Interaction between Parasitic Cymothoid Ceratothoa oestroides and Its Host, Farmed European Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax). Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9030230. [PMID: 32244948 PMCID: PMC7157214 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9030230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic isopod Ceratothoa oestroides (Cymothoidea, Isopoda) is a common and generalist buccal cavity-dweller in marine fish, recognised for its detrimental effect in fingerling and juvenile farmed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Although distributed throughout the Mediterranean, the isopod provokes acute outbreaks mainly limited to particular endemic areas in Croatia (Adriatic Sea) and Greece (Aegean Sea). While numerous studies have previously evidenced its gross effect on farmed fish (i.e. decreased condition index, slower growth rate, lethargy and mortality), details on the host-parasite interaction are still lacking. Therefore, using a multimethodological approach, we closely examined the structure and appearance of isopod body parts acting in the attachment and feeding (stereomicroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy), and the extent of host tissues damage (histology, immunohistochemistry, micro-computational tomography) induced by parasitation. Interestingly, while hematophagous nature of the parasite has been previously postulated we found no unambiguous data to support this; we observed host tissues fragmentation and extensive hyperplasia at the parasitation site, and no structures indicative of heme detoxifying mechanisms in the parasite gut, or other traces of a blood meal. The bacterial biofilm covering C. oestroides mouthparts and pereopods suggests that the isopod may play a role in conveying secondary pathogens to the infected host, or alternatively, it serves the parasite in normal interaction with its environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivona Mladineo
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, 21000 Split, Croatia; (J.H.); (O.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-21-408-047
| | - Jerko Hrabar
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, 21000 Split, Croatia; (J.H.); (O.V.)
| | - Olja Vidjak
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, 21000 Split, Croatia; (J.H.); (O.V.)
| | - Ivana Bočina
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | | | - Pantelis Katharios
- Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Heraklion, 712 01 Crete, Greece; (P.K.); (M.C.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Maria Chiara Cascarano
- Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Heraklion, 712 01 Crete, Greece; (P.K.); (M.C.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Kleoniki Keklikoglou
- Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Heraklion, 712 01 Crete, Greece; (P.K.); (M.C.C.); (K.K.)
| | - Donatella Volpatti
- Section of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (D.V.); (P.B.)
| | - Paola Beraldo
- Section of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (D.V.); (P.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meimeti E, Tentolouris N, Loupa C, Roussis V, Rallis M. Marine Isopod Ceratothoa Oestroides Extract: a Novel Treatment for Diabetic Foot Ulcers? Case Report of an Immunosuppressed Patient. Med Arch 2020; 73:131-133. [PMID: 31391704 PMCID: PMC6643357 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2019.73.131-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common lower-extremity complication in patients with diabetes mellitus. A novel DFU treatment is tested by using an ointment containing as healing agent olive oil isopod Ceratothoa oestroidesextract. Case report: A 58 years old obese man,smoker, with a history of unregulated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, peripheral neuropathy and Hodgkin lymphoma was referred to Athens–Greece university hospital Laikon. The patient presented clinically with a lower extremity DFU and peripheral neuropathy with dysesthesia and disturbed sensation of hot and cold. He was treated with an ointment containing C. oestroides extract for five months, without any antimicrobial treatment. Therapy was evaluated by measurement of the transepidermal water loss, skin hydration, photo documentation and planimetry. At each patient’s visit, DFU presented a satisfactory healing process. Five months after treatment initiation the patient had complete healing of his DFU. Blood tests after treatment revealed a significant reduction of the levels of the inflammatory markers. Ulcer cultures did not reveal any microbial development neither before nor after treatment. Conclusion: The administration of the C. oestroides extract ointment proved to be effective in this case. Although these results should be further investigated, the reported case suggests a novel option for the management of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers, especially in patients with severe co-morbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Meimeti
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Chariclia Loupa
- Demetrios Voyatzoglou Diabetic Foot Clinic, A. Fleming Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Rallis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pérez-Del-Olmo A, Nachev M, Zimmermann S, Fernández M, Sures B. Medium-term dynamics of element concentrations in a sparid fish and its isopod parasite after the Prestige oil-spill: Shifting baselines? Sci Total Environ 2019; 686:648-656. [PMID: 31189125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the European Atlantic is probably the most important oil-spill hotspot worldwide. One of the most recent accidents occurred in 2002 when the oil-tanker Prestige sank over the Galician Bank causing two major oil-spills followed by several small leaks until March 2003. This resulted in contamination of virtually all types of marine habitat. Considering that parasites have proved to be good effect and accumulation bioindicators, the present study addresses the medium-term changes in trace element content after the Prestige oil-spill in a model host-parasite system, the bogue, Boops boops (Sparidae) and the isopod Ceratothoa oestroides. To our knowledge, this study is the first to address trace element concentrations in natural fish and parasite populations associated with the effects of an oil-spill. We observed that both test organisms examined, the host and the parasite, indicate a detectable change in the relative composition of trace element concentrations before and after the Prestige oil-spill. Multivariate analyses also indicated a differential response of the different tissues to the temporal sampling sequence. However, analyses of both host and parasite tissues supported the pattern of a gradual temporal transition to a state of relative trace element content distinctly departing from the pre-spill situation. Moreover, the parasite-host element accumulation ratios better depicted this temporal pattern. Additionally, changes in V concentrations in fish liver tissues and Ni concentrations in the parasite tissues suggest that this host-parasite system may be a useful tool to assess these two element contaminations linked to heavy fuel oil-spill.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pérez-Del-Olmo
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain; Aquatische Ökologie, Universität of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Milen Nachev
- Aquatische Ökologie, Universität of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany; Zentrum für Wasser- und Umweltforschung (ZWU), Universität of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Sonja Zimmermann
- Aquatische Ökologie, Universität of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany; Zentrum für Wasser- und Umweltforschung (ZWU), Universität of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Mercedes Fernández
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Bernd Sures
- Aquatische Ökologie, Universität of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany; Zentrum für Wasser- und Umweltforschung (ZWU), Universität of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meimeti E, Kafanas A, Pavlou P, Evangelatou A, Tsouparelou P, Kanellopoulos S, Kipouros P, Koliarakis N, Leonis G, Ioannou E, Roussis V, Rallis M. Topical Treatment of Skin Injury Inflicted in Mice by X-Ray Irradiation. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 31:175-183. [PMID: 29617695 DOI: 10.1159/000487404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS There is no treatment, without side effects, efficiently preventing or curing skin burns, caused by radiotherapy. A new experimental topical treatment protocol was assessed in mice receiving orthovoltage X-rays at an equivalent dose to that applied to human breast cancer patients in conventional radiotherapy. METHODS SKH-HR2 female hairless mice were irradiated on their dorsum with a total dose of 4,300 cGy during a 1-month period (20 fractions). The treatment group received a combination of 3 topical products, an oil-in-water cream, a gel containing Pinus halepensis bark aqueous extract, and an ointment containing olive oil extract of the marine isopod Ceratothoa oestroides. The positive control group was treated with a conventionally used commercial gel, whereas the negative control group did not receive any topical treatment. Skin alterations were evaluated by macroscopic examinations, measurements of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin content, erythema intensity, hydration, and histopathology assessment. RESULTS Sixty days after radiation, TEWL and hydration values were abnormal and elements of acute, chronic, and granulomatous inflammation were present in all cases. The severest damage was detected in the deeper dermis. Treatment showed a comparatively beneficial effect on chronic and granulomatous inflammation while positive control was beneficial on acute inflammation. CONCLUSION Skin anti-inflammatory treatment was the most effective but must be applied for several months. Further preclinical studies should be conducted, assimilating a human cancer radiation therapeutic schema with the aim of optimizing skin inflammation treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Meimeti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Panagoula Pavlou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Evangelatou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Tsouparelou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens, Greece
| | - Stelios Kanellopoulos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Kipouros
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Koliarakis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Leonis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Rallis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|