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Sanches AL, Leite SG, Nunes A, Caixinha M, Monteiro P, Nunes A. [Adaptation of the Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness Questionnaire to European Portuguese (SPEED-Vp) in a Non-Clinical Sample]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2023; 36:714-722. [PMID: 36630893 DOI: 10.20344/amp.18557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness questionnaire to European Portuguese, as well as assess the psychometric performance of the translated version, including repeatability and agreement. MATERIAL AND METHODS The original Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness - SPEED questionnaire was translated and adapted to the Portuguese cultural context by following a scientifically valid methodology commonly used in the process of adapting tools to other cultures and languages. The questionnaire resulting from the translation into the new language was subject to a pre-test where the comments of the participants were written and considered for the final version of the questionnaire. For the scale validation of the final version of the translated questionnaire, 89 subjects from a non-clinical population, aged 18 to 84 years, were asked to answer the questionnaire (61% were women). One week later, the same questionnaire was repeated by 63 subjects. The internal reliability of the questionnaire was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha, temporal stability by test-retest, and analysis of agreement between measures by the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS The internal consistency of the translated questionnaire, SPEED-vP was high (α = 0.871) and all questionnaire items contributed to an increase in this index. This consistency was also confirmed to be high in the retest (α = 0.856) and when the sample was stratified by age and sex. The SPEED-complete questionnaire also showed high consistency (α = 0.88). The repeatability of the instrument was high (ICC 0.933; 95% CI: 0.899 and 0.960) and the Bland-Altman plot revealed good agreement between measures. CONCLUSION The Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness in Portuguese (SPEED-vP) showed good psychometric properties for the Portuguese population. Therefore, the translated version of the SPEED-vP questionnaire could be used to quantitatively measure the presence of dry eye symptoms in the Portuguese population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - António Nunes
- Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; NECE - Research Center for Business Sciences. Management and Economics Department. University of Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal
| | - Miguel Caixinha
- Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CEMMPRE - Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes. University of Coimbra. Coimbra. Portugal
| | - Pedro Monteiro
- Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CICS - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CCECV - Centro Clínico e Experimental em Ciências da Visão. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal
| | - Amélia Nunes
- Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CICS - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CCECV - Centro Clínico e Experimental em Ciências da Visão. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal
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Petric Vicković I, Šimunović L, Vodanović M, Špiljak B, Patekar L, Ovčarić B, Mendeš A, Krolo I. Prolonged Face Mask Wearing Worsens Self-Reported Dry Eye Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Dental Healthcare Practitioners. Acta Stomatol Croat 2023; 57:133-144. [PMID: 37427362 PMCID: PMC10323930 DOI: 10.15644/asc57/2/4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate self-reported MADE during the COVID-19 pandemic in dental healthcare practitioners and identify their possible risk factors. Material and Methods An anonymous questionnaire was sent to doctors of dental medicine in the time period from February 2022 to August 2022. The online questionnaire included demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics: presence and deterioration of DED symptoms while wearing the face mask, personal protective face equipment, use of contact lenses, history of eye surgery, current use of medications, number of hours wearing face mask, and evaluation of subjective DED symptoms using modified Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Results A total of 405 participants were included in the study and an overall prevalence of MADE was 29.1% (95% CI: 24.7 - 33.6). The participants who used masks more than 6 hours per day during the whole day reported a higher OSDI score (12.5 (IQR = 2.6 - 29.2)) compared to the participants who used masks less than 6 hours/day (6.25 (IQR = 0 - 22.92); Mann-Whitney U Test p = 0.066). Multivariable logistic regression revealed the following possible risk factors for self-reported MADE: age (older than 61 years) OR: 3.522 (95% CI 1.448 - 8.563); p=0.05, and wearing the face mask more than 6 h at work OR: 1.779 (95% CI 1.017 - 3.113); p=0.044. Conclusion The prevalence of self-reported MADE among dental healthcare practitioners appears to be significant. The use of a face mask for a prolonged duration increases OSDI scores. MeSH Terms: face masks, dry eye, MADE, ocular discomfort, COVID-19, protective face equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanka Petric Vicković
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice Zagreb, Croatia Chair of Ophthalmology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb
| | - Luka Šimunović
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb
| | - Marin Vodanović
- Department of Dental Anthropology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | | | | | - Iva Krolo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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Wei LN, Wu CH, Lin CT, Liu IH. Topical applications of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate the canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:217. [PMID: 35689226 PMCID: PMC9185903 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is predominantly an immune-mediated disease. Current therapy of canine KCS is mainly by immunosuppressant, but the effectiveness was limited in some patients. In the past few years, some studies showed the results of the use of mesenchymal stem cells in treating canine KCS via periocular injections. However, the periocular injection procedure requires sedation or general anesthesia, and may lead to iatrogenic or incidental injury during the injection process. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of topical allogenic canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAD-MSCs) in clinical patients of canine KCS. Results The cAD-MSCs used in this study were characterized for their capability of tri-lineage differentiation and immunomodulatory properties. In addition, preparation methods for eye drops of cAD-MSCs was developed and its optimal preservation was tested. The canine KCS patients were recruited for clinical trial and divided into two groups based on their history of previous treatment. All patients received topical cAD-MSCs treatment once per week for 6 consecutive weeks and complete ophthalmic examinations were performed 1 week before treatment (week 0) and at 3rd, 6th, 9th weeks, respectively. The results showed that the quantity and quality of tears have improved significantly following topical cAD-MSCs treatment based on Schirmers tear test-1 and tear break-up time. More than half of all patients were found improved in the tear quantity. In particular, 56.5% of the patients that were unresponsive to prior immunosuppressant therapy had an effective increase in tear volume. The severity of clinical signs was also ameliorated according to the numeric rating scale score from both patient owners and the clinician. Conclusion To sum up, topical cAD-MSCs may be beneficial especially in KCS patients with poor owner compliance for frequent daily use of eye drops or those who are unresponsive to immunosuppressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ning Wei
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ho Wu
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.,Department of Small Animal Surgery, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Tien Lin
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
| | - I-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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Mohammadpour M, Maleki S, Khorrami-Nejad M. The effect of tea tree oil on dry eye treatment after phacoemulsification cataract surgery: A randomized clinical trial. Eur J Ophthalmol 2019; 30:1314-1319. [PMID: 31379213 DOI: 10.1177/1120672119867642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of eyelid scrubbing with eye shampoo containing tea tree oil on dry eye disease following phacoemulsification cataract surgery. METHODS This prospective triple-blinded randomized clinical trial was performed on 62 eyes of 62 patients. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups-(1) treatment group: for 33 patients in the treatment group, artificial tears, topical steroid drops, and eye shampoos with tea tree oil and (2) for 29 patients in the control group, artificial tears, topical steroids, and eye shampoos without tea tree oil were used. In the first and second (after 1 month) follow-up visits, microscopic Demodex examination, refraction, corrected distance visual acuity, the ocular surface disease index score (by the questionnaire), Schirmer test, tear break-up time test, and osmolarity of tears (by TearLab) were recorded in treatment and control groups. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 66.37 ± 8.83 (range: 37-82) years, of which 49 (79%) were female and 13 (21%) were male. The results showed a significant improvement in tear break-up time test, corrected distance visual acuity, osmolarity, and ocular surface disease index score in both groups (p < 0.05). However, the number of Demodex decreases significantly only in the treatment group after treatment (p <0.001). Tear break-up time, osmolarity, and ocular surface disease index scores in the treatment group were significantly better than the control group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the pre- and post-Schirmer test results (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Eyelid scrubbing with eye shampoo containing tea tree oil is recommended for dry eye treatment after cataract surgery, especially decrease in the number of Demodex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Mohammadpour
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Maleki
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Khorrami-Nejad
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jeong KJ, Choi JG, Park EJ, Kim HE, Yoo SM, Park SG. Relationship between Dry Eye Syndrome and Frequency of Coffee Consumption in Korean Adults: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V, 2010-2012. Korean J Fam Med 2018; 39:290-294. [PMID: 30049179 PMCID: PMC6166118 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.17.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dry eye syndrome is a common health problem in the adult population. Many risk factors including age, sex, prior eye surgery, various chronic diseases, and lifestyle factors can affect its development. We have evaluated the risk of dry eye syndrome based on the frequency of coffee consumption among Korean adult population. Methods A total of 9,752 adults with age 19 years and older were randomly selected between 2010 and 2012. They have all participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V of Korea. Dry eye syndrome was being diagnosed by the physicians at some points in the participant’s lifetime. The average daily coffee intake was divided into the following: less than 1 cup, 1 to 2 cups, and 3 cups or more. Various physio-environmental factors and medical conditions were used as correction variables to assess the risk of dry eye syndrome in relation to the frequency of coffee consumption. Results The prevalence of dry eye syndrome decreased to 9.2%, 8.8%, and 6.3% as coffee consumption increased from less than 1 cup to 1–2 cups and more than 3 cups, respectively. However, there was no significant relationship between the frequency of coffee consumption and the risk of dry eye syndrome after adjusting various risk factors. Conclusion There is no relationship between the frequency of coffee consumption and risk of dry eye syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwon-Jin Jeong
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jong-Gi Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyo-Eun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sun-Mi Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung-Guk Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Yang X, Li Y. [The short-term efficacy and psycological influence of elastic silicon punctal plugs on severe dry eye patients]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2018; 54:437-444. [PMID: 29895118 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and psycological influence of elastic silicon punctal plugs on severe dry eye patients. Methods: Prospective case series study. Twenty-eight severe dry eye patients (56 eyes) treated with elastic silicon punctal plugs (Snug Plugs(TM), FCI Ophthalmics, France) during January to September 2017 at the ophthalmology department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were included. All the examination results were collected at baseline and 3 months after insertion. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), silt lamp examination, conjunctiva grading (CG), lower tear meniscus height (TMS), tear break-up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt, without anesthesia), corneal fluoresce staining (FS) were recorded to evaluate the efficacy of the plugs. Meanwhile, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Center for Epidemiological Survey-Depression Scale (CES-D) were collected to assess the changes of patients' symptoms and psychological status. Results: At baseline and 3 months after punctal plugs insertion, mean OSDI score was 65.77±21.28 and 42.85±20.08; mean UCVA was 0.10 (0.30) and 0.06 (0.27), mean TMS was (0.17±0.09) and (0.35±0.17) mm;mean CG score was 2.96±1.13 and 1.57±0.99; mean BUT was (3.23±2.62) and (5.09±3.36) s;mean FS score was 7.32±4.46 and 5.15±4.02; mesn SⅠt was (4.09±3.48) and (8.15±5.96) mm; mean SAS score was 46.70±9.73 and 40.59±8.98, respectively. All the above differences between results of baseline and 3 months after insertion were of statistical significance (t=6.11, -6.31, 8.91, -8.97, -3.83, 5.06, -6.14, 3.04, P<0.01). The mean CES-D score at baseline was 21.25±10.82, which was statistically different from the result of 15.00±10.53 at 3 months after insertion (t=2.38, P<0.05). The number and the severity of patients with anxiety or depression were reduced after insertion. OSDI score was negatively correlated with UCVA, TMH and SⅠt (r=-0.42, -0.61, -0.31, P<0.05), and was positively correlated with FS, SAS and CES-D score (r=0.36, 0.31, 0.28, P<0.05). The main complication identified during this study was spontaneous loss of the punctal plugs (3 eyes, 8.82%). Conclusions: Short term elastic silicon punctal plugs are effective for treating moderate to severe dry eye, and such treatment can partly alleviate the anxiety and depression of the patients. Still, more attentions to the psychological status of dry eye patients should be paid. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 437-444).
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Akkaya S. The Effect of Artificial Tear Preparations with Three Different Ingredients on Contrast Sensitivity in Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2018; 7:89-93. [PMID: 30250858 PMCID: PMC6146240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Artificial Tear Preparations (ATP) with three different ingredients on contrast sensitivity in patients with dry eye syndrome. Contrast sensitivity measurements were obtained before and 5, 15, 30, 60, and 90 minutes after administering three different ATPs, containing dextran 70, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (ATP-1), polyvinyl alcohol-povidone (ATP-2) and carbomer (ATP-3) to one eye of 20 patients with dry eye syndrome, who had been divided to three groups. Contrast sensitivity measurements were obtained at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 spatial frequencies (cpd). Compared with the baseline measurements, ATP-1 provided a significant increase of 1.5 and 3 cpd at the 15th minute, 12 cpd at the 60th minute, and 18 cpd at the 30th minute, ATP-2 significantly increased contrast sensitivity compared with the baseline at the 15th, 30th, 60th, and 90th minute measurements, recorded as 1.5, 3, 12, and 18 cpd, and ATP-3 provided significant increases of 18 cpd at 60th and 90th minute measurements compared with the baseline. In conclusion, while ATP-2 increased the majority of contrast sensitivity measurements both at early, mid, and late terms, the ATP-1 and ATP-3 were found to be effective on mid-term and late-term contrast sensitivity measurements, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezen Akkaya
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Training Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinics, Bostancı, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kim MJ, Hwang HR, Kim YJ, Lee SY, Lee JG, Jeong DW, Kim YH. Association Between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Dry Eye in Korean Adults: A Study Based on Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010-2011. Korean J Fam Med 2017; 38:81-85. [PMID: 28360983 PMCID: PMC5371588 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2017.38.2.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dry eye is a common disease. Many patients continue to experience residual symptoms despite optimal treatment. Thus, new treatment options are required. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and dry eye. METHODS This study was performed using data from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which is a cross-sectional study of the Korean population that was conducted from 2010 to 2011. We included adults aged >19 years who underwent ophthalmologic interviews and examinations. We excluded subjects who had comorbid conditions (rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disease, chronic kidney disease, or depression) that are associated with dry eye. The subjects were divided into normal and dry eye groups. The dry eye group consisted of those who had clinically diagnosed dry eye syndrome or symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and dry eye. RESULTS In the univariate model, the 25(OH)D levels were lower in the dry eye group than in the normal group (P=0.01). A significant association was found between severe vitamin D deficiency (<10 ng/mL) and dry eye (P=0.04). However, after multivariate adjustment, the statistical significance of the association disappeared (P-values= 0.49, vitamin D insufficiency; P=0.33, vitamin D deficiency; P=0.18, severe vitamin D deficiency). CONCLUSION Severe vitamin D deficiency was associated with dry eye in an unadjusted model, but the association was not statistically significant after adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye Rim Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.; Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yun-Jin Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.; Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sang-Yeoup Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.; Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.; Medical Education Unit, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jeong-Gyu Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.; Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Jeong
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.; Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Yoon CH, Lee HJ, Lee EY, Lee EB, Lee WW, Kim MK, Wee WR. Effect of Hydroxychloroquine Treatment on Dry Eyes in Subjects with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: a Double-Blind Randomized Control Study. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1127-35. [PMID: 27366013 PMCID: PMC4901007 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.7.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on dry eye has not been fully determined. This study aimed to compare the 12-week efficacy of HCQ medication with that of a placebo in the management of dry eye in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). A double-blind, randomized control study was conducted in 39 pSS subjects from May 2011 through August 2013. pSS was diagnosed based on the classification criteria of the American-European Consensus Group. Subjects received 300 mg of HCQ or placebo once daily for 12 weeks and were evaluated at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks, with a re-visit at 16 weeks after drug discontinuance. The fluorescein staining score, Schirmer test score, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were measured, and tears and blood were collected for ESR, IL-6, IL-17, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), and Th17 cell analysis. Color testing was performed and the fundus was examined to monitor HCQ complications. Twenty-six subjects completed the follow-up. The fluorescein staining score and Schirmer test score did not differ significantly. The OSDI improved with medication in the HCQ group but was not significantly different between the groups. TBUT, serum IL-6, ESR, serum and tear BAFF, and the proportion of Th17 cells did not change in either group. HCQ at 300 mg daily for 12 weeks has no apparent clinical benefit for dry eye and systemic inflammation in pSS (ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT01601028).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ho Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Laboraory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Laboraory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Bong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Woo Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mee Kum Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Laboraory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Ryang Wee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Laboraory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Javadi MA, Feizi S. Dry eye syndrome. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2011; 6:192-8. [PMID: 22454735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), also known as dry eye syndrome, has been changed over recent years. Until lately, the condition was thought to be merely due to aqueous tear insufficiency. Today, it is understood that KCS is a multifactorial disorder due to inflammation of the ocular surface and lacrimal gland, neurotrophic deficiency and meibomian gland dysfunction. This change in paradigm has led to the development of new and more effective medications.
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Chang KC, Oh JY, In YS, Kim MK, Shin KC, Wee WR, Lee JH, Park MG. Preliminary effects of oral uridine on the ocular surface in dry eye patients. J Korean Med Sci 2009; 24:701-7. [PMID: 19654956 PMCID: PMC2719204 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2009.24.4.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2007] [Accepted: 10/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed a randomized, double blinded, 3-months controlled prospective clinical study to investigate effects of oral uridine on the ocular surface in dry eye patients. Twenty-seven patients who diagnosed as dry eye with lower than 5 mm of wetting in the Schirmer strip, with corneal epithelial erosion and who completely followed-up till 3 months were enrolled. Corneal-conjunctival fluorescein staining, non-anesthetic Schirmer test, impression cytology, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) were evaluated in the experimental and placebo groups at the baseline, 1 and 3 months after start of medication in a double blinded manner. Fluorescein stain score of the cornea was markedly decreased in oral uridine group compared to the placebo group at 3 months after medication (P=0.032, Mann-Whitney U test). The Schirmer wetting score for the oral uridine group was significantly increased (P=0.001, Wilcoxon signed rank test) at 3 months and its difference between two groups was statistically significant (P=0.030, Mann-Whitney U test). OSDI scores were significantly decreased at 1 and 3 months in treatment group. Oral uridine is effective in treatment of dry eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Cheol Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Seok In
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mee Kum Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Cheul Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kunkuk University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Ryang Wee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hak Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Clinical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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