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Walits E, Schaefer S. Outcome of Candida auris contact investigations conducted in a 6 month period at a New York City hospital. Am J Infect Control 2024; 52:491-492. [PMID: 37838250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant fungus that has led to health care-associated outbreaks globally. Contact investigations for new cases of Candida auris are a recommended infection prevention practice; however, there is limited knowledge and experience with such investigations. We describe our institution's experience from June 2018 through January 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Walits
- Department of Infection Prevention, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Sarah Schaefer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY.
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Navarro ML, Nieto M, Perez-Martínez A. The need for evolution in the management of febrile neutropenia in pediatric cancer: TRIIO KIDS update. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:633-642. [PMID: 36244052 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
New treatments have increased the life expectancy of pediatric patients diagnosed with malignant hematological diseases, often at the cost of protracting their immunocompromised state in the form of prolonged neutropenia. This neutropenic state favors the development of bacterial and fungal infections. Moreover, recent years have seen a series of changes in the epidemiology of fungal and Clostridium infections. These changes necessitate adaptations to the management of pediatric patients with febrile neutropenia, who are at risk of further increases in already high rates of morbidity and mortality. This article discusses the current bases for the management of febrile neutropenia and associated emerging fungal infections, as well as the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of Clostridioides difficile in pediatric patients diagnosed with malignant hematological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Navarro
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Nieto
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Infantil Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
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Salah H, Al-Hatmi AMS, Theelen B, Abukamar M, Hashim S, van Diepeningen AD, Lass-Florl C, Boekhout T, Almaslamani M, Taj-Aldeen SJ. Phylogenetic diversity of human pathogenic Fusarium and emergence of uncommon virulent species. J Infect 2015; 71:658-66. [PMID: 26348828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fusarium species cause a broad spectrum of infections. However, little is known about the etiological agents to the species level. We identified Fusarium species isolated from clinical specimens including those of high risk patients to better understand the species involved in the pathogenesis. METHODS A set of 44 Fusarium isolates were identified by two-locus sequence typing using partial sequences of the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase (RPB2) and translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF-1α). RESULTS The identified species belonged to four species complexes (SC); the most common SC was Fusarium solani (FSSC) (75%), followed by Fusarium oxysporum (FOSC) (4.5%), Fusarium fujikuroi (FFSC) (13.6%), and Fusarium dimerum (FDSC) (6.8%). Sites of infections were nails (n = 19, 43.2%), skin (n = 7, 15.9%), cornea (n = 6, 13.6%), blood (n = 3, 9%), wound (n = 4, 6.8%), burn (n = 2, 4.5%), tissue (n = 2, 4.5%), and urine (n = 1, 2.27%). Fusarium acutatum was rare and seem restricted to the Middle East. Comorbidities associated with invasive infections were hematological malignancy and autoimmune disorders. CONCLUSIONS Members of the FSSC predominantly caused cornea, nail and bloodstream infections. Less frequently encountered were the FOSC, FFSC and FDSC. More accurate molecular identification of Fusarium species is important to predict therapeutic outcome and the emergence of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Salah
- Mycology Unit, Microbiology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, P. O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ibri Hospital, Ibri, Oman
| | - Bart Theelen
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammed Abukamar
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, P. O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Samar Hashim
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, P. O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Cornelia Lass-Florl
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Teun Boekhout
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Institute of Dermatology and Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Muna Almaslamani
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, P. O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saad J Taj-Aldeen
- Mycology Unit, Microbiology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, P. O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
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Abstract
Increases in susceptible patient populations and advances in identification methods have resulted in the continued recognition of novel yeasts as agents of human infection. Most of these agents are members of the well-recognized genera Candida, Cryptococcus, Trichosporon, and Rhodotorula. Some of these agents are "cryptic species," members of species complexes, and may not be detectable using classical carbohydrate assimilation-based methods of yeast identification. Such species require DNA- or MALDI-based methods for correct identification, although sporadic isolates may not routinely require delineation to the individual species level. The coming end of the fungal taxonomy rules requiring separate names for sexual and asexual forms of the same fungus will hopefully allow greater clarity, as names for medically important yeast can now be based on the needs of the medical mycology community and the common goal of better communication between laboratory and clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Brandt
- Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road; Mailstop G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Shawn R Lockhart
- Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road; Mailstop G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
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