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Trichiasis removal using dermatological punch: A case report. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2024:S2173-5794(24)00036-7. [PMID: 38401596 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Entropion, a common malposition of the eyelid, can lead to trichiasis and corneal damage. This article presents a clinical case in which, following initial surgery to correct entropion, the use of a dermatological punch was chosen to definitively eliminate persistent trichiasis. This relatively unknown yet effective approach proved to be a quick and straightforward alternative with positive outcomes, emphasizing the importance of considering innovative approaches to recurrent challenges in clinical practice.
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Horizontal eyelid shortening alone versus combined procedures for the correction of involutional lower eyelid entropion. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:4979-4983. [PMID: 37815678 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventionally, management of involutional entropion involves correcting both vertical and horizontal laxity, however the optimal surgical approach is debated. OBJECTIVE To compare the recurrence rate of horizontal lower eyelid shortening alone with combined surgical approaches for correction of involutional lower eyelid entropion. METHODS AND MATERIAL A retrospective, comparative, consecutive case series of patients undergoing surgery for involutional lower eyelid entropion with both horizontal and vertical laxity. Patients were categorized based on the procedure as: Group 1, horizontal shortening alone, Group 2, horizontal shortening with everting sutures), and Group 3, horizontal shortening with retractor plication. RESULTS Of the 249 procedures (31 bilateral) performed on 218 patients, 54 (22%) involved horizontal eyelid shortening alone (Group 1), while 80 (32%) had this combined with everting sutures (Group 2), and 115 (46%) with retractor plication (Group 3). The anatomical success rates for Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 93, 94, and 90% (P = 0.69), respectively. Similarly, reported symptom improvements were 94, 93, and 93% for these groups (P = 0.91). After an average follow-up of 15.7 months (median 10; range 6-81), Group 1 (eyelid shortening alone) had a 7% (4/54) recurrence, compared to 8% (16/195) in Groups 2 and 3 (combined procedures) (P = 1.0). Complications were minor, with no significant difference between groups. CONCLUSION Eyelid shortening alone appears to be as effective as combined techniques for involutional entropion with both horizontal and vertical eyelid laxity. Nevertheless, procedure selection should consider primary pathogenic factors.
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Etiologies, periocular manifestations and surgeries for congenital and childhood acquired facial nerve palsy. J Fr Ophtalmol 2023:S0181-5512(23)00114-6. [PMID: 36963996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To report periocular surgeries performed for patients with congenital and childhood acquired facial nerve palsy (FNP). METHODS A retrospective case series of pediatric patients who presented with FNP over the last 34 years, was conducted at two tertiary eye hospitals in Riyadh. Data were collected from electronic charts, hospital records and external photos. Main outcome measures were visual acuity, lagophthalmos, eyelid abnormalities, Bell's phenomena, exposure keratopathy, and corneal scar; in these cases, periocular surgeries were required. RESULTS Among the 90 recruited subjects; the mean age of onset was 4.8±5.4 years old (range, 0.01 to 17.76 years). Traumatic and congenital causes of FNP were the most common, representing over 80% of the cases. Seventy-one patients developed lagophthalmos, 26 with severe exposure that resulted in scarring. Thirty-six (40%) cases had associated strabismus. Lower lid retraction was the most common eyelid abnormality noted in 23 cases, followed by entropion in 16 and ectropion in 6 cases. Temporary tarsorrhaphy was performed in three patients (3.3%), while 18 patients (20%) needed permanent tarsorrhaphy. Gold weight implants were placed in 17 patients (18.9%). Lower lid retraction repair was performed in twelve patients (13.3%). Five patients (5.6%) underwent lower eyelid entropion repair, and three patients (3.3%) underwent lower eyelid ectropion repair. CONCLUSIONS Lagophthalmos is the most common finding in children presenting with FNP and needs to be managed early to prevent permanent visual loss. Compared to adults, children may present with a different spectrum of eyelid abnormalities, with lower lid retraction and entropion being the most common eyelid malpositions.
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Correction of Involutional Entropion by Excising Redundant Skin and Pretarsal Orbicularis Muscle without Vertical and Horizontal Tarsal Fixation. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2023; 37:49-52. [PMID: 36796346 PMCID: PMC9935069 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2022.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the effect of the excision of redundant skin and pretarsal orbicularis muscle, without vertical or horizontal tarsal fixation, on the correction of involutional entropion. METHODS This retrospective interventional case series recruited patients with involutional entropion who underwent excision of redundant skin and pretarsal orbicularis muscle, without vertical or horizontal tarsal fixation, from May 2018 to December 2021. Preoperative clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes, including recurrence at 1, 3, and 6 months, were determined by reviewing the medical charts. Surgical treatment included the excision of redundant skin and pretarsal orbicularis muscle, without any tarsal fixation, and simple skin suture. RESULTS All 52 patients (58 eyelids) attended every follow-up visit and were thus included in the analysis. Among 58 eyelids, 55 (94.8%) had satisfactory results. The recurrence rate was 3.45% (two eyelids) and the overcorrection rate was 1.7% (one eyelid). CONCLUSIONS Excision of only redundant skin and the pretarsal orbicularis muscle, without capsulopalpebral fascia reattachment or horizontal lid laxity correction, is a simple surgery for correcting involutional entropion.
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Ageing increases risk of lower eyelid malposition after primary orbital fracture reconstruction. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 60:1391-1396. [PMID: 36244868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lower eyelid malposition (LEM) is a common sequela after orbital fracture reconstruction. This study aimed to analyse the development of LEM, specifically ectropion and entropion, following primary orbital fracture reconstruction, to identify predictive factors for LEM, and to assess the effect of the eyelid complication on patients' daily lives. The retrospective cohort comprised patients who had undergone orbital floor and/or medial wall fracture reconstruction for recent trauma. Demographics, fracture type and site, surgery and implant-related variables, follow-up time and number of visits, type and severity of LEM, subsequent surgical correction, and patient satisfaction, were analysed. The overall occurrence of LEM was 8%, with ectropion in 6% and entropion in 2% of patients. Older age, complex fractures, transcutaneous approaches, preoperative traumatic lower lid wounds, and implant material were associated with the development of LEM. Of all patients, 3% needed surgical correction of LEM. Six of the 13 patients (46%) who developed LEM required surgical correction. The transconjunctival approach and patient-specific implants should be preferred, especially in elderly patients and those with more complex fractures. LEM often requires subsequent surgical correction, and the treatment period is substantially prolonged, with multiple extra visits to the clinic.
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Congenital entropion with progeria: 4 going 40. Indian J Ophthalmol 2022; 70:2734-2735. [PMID: 35791227 PMCID: PMC9426044 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2896_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Mantle cell lymphoma presenting as bilateral upper eyelid entropion. Orbit 2022:1. [PMID: 35105259 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2025858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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Severe absence of intra-orbital fat in a patient with orbital venous malformation: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:11024-11028. [PMID: 35047613 PMCID: PMC8678880 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i35.11024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The orbital venous malformation is quite common in orbital diseases. Clinically, it is usually characterized by proptosis. However, among patients with distensible venous malformations, if the lesions continuously progress, they may induce enlargement of the orbital bone or orbital lipoatrophy, which in turn leads to enophthalmos.
CASE SUMMARY Here, we report a patient who presented with enophthalmos and had a severe absence of intra-orbital fat secondary to orbital venous malformation. The patient was a 66-year-old female with a 20-year history of enophthalmos. Hertel exophthalmometry readings in a relaxed upright position were 4 mm OD and 13 mm OS with a 97 mm base. It was determined that she had positional “proptosis”. Physical examination also revealed a bulging mass on her hard palate. Computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed an expansion of the right orbit with local bony defects and multiple soft-tissue masses.
CONCLUSION Long-term lack of awareness about the presence of orbital venous malformations, persistent venous congestion could lead to compression of the orbital fat, which in turn induces atrophy or the absence of intra-orbital fat.
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Outcomes of surgery for epiblepharon accompanied with lower eyelid retraction secondary to buphthalmos in children. Pediatr Investig 2021; 5:288-292. [PMID: 34938971 PMCID: PMC8666943 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In cases of epiblepharon with lower eyelid retraction secondary to glaucoma, correcting epiblepharon alone is ineffective. Combined surgery should be performed to obtain satisfactory outcomes. OBJECTIVE To investigate outcomes after surgery to correct epiblepharon with lower eyelid retraction secondary to buphthalmos in children. METHODS A retrospective analysis of six eyes in four patients was performed included lower lid retractor recession combined with marginal rotation with tarsal fixation. The margin reflex distance-2, lagophthalmus, resolution of clinical symptoms, and complications were assessed during 6 to 12 months of follow-up. RESULTS In all cases, epiblepharon and lagophthalmus were corrected, symptoms of photophobia and epiphora were relieved, and the corneal epithelium was repaired. The margin reflex distance-2 decreased and remained normal during the follow-up period, but slightly regressed within 6 months postoperatively. INTERPRETATION Epiblepharon caused by buphthalmos in children is often associated with lower eyelid retraction. Lower lid retractor recession combined with marginal rotation with tarsal fixation fundamentally solves the problems of high eyelid tension, lower eyelid retraction, and epiblepharon and reduces the recurrence rate.
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Comparison of ocular axis and corneal diameter between entropion and non-entropion eyes in children with congenital glaucoma. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4637-4643. [PMID: 34222430 PMCID: PMC8223843 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i18.4637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with congenital glaucoma are often accompanied by acquired epiblepharon in the lower eyelid, which causes entropion of the lower eyelid and damages the cornea.
AIM To infer the possible causes of lower eyelid entropion by comparing the difference of ocular axis and corneal diameter between inverted and non-inverted ciliary eyes in children with congenital glaucoma.
METHODS A total of 15 patients (11 males and 4 females) diagnosed with congenital glaucoma between July 2016 and January 2019 at Tongren Hospital were included. Five patients had bilateral glaucoma, and ten had unilateral glaucoma. Each patient had only one eye with lower eyelid entropion which is associated with congenital glaucoma. All the patients had no entropion in another eye. The clinical data were collected. Main outcome measures were the ocular axis and corneal diameter.
RESULTS The average age of the 15 patients was 1.85 ± 0.49 years. Paired t-test showed that the average ocular axis of congenital glaucoma eyes with lower eyelid entropion (24.86 ± 3.44 mm) was significantly longer than that of congenital glaucoma eyes without lower eyelid entropion (20.79 ± 1.34 mm; P < 0.001). The average corneal diameter of congenital glaucoma eyes with lower eyelid entropion (13.61 ± 0.88 mm) was also significantly greater than that of congenital glaucoma eyes without lower eyelid entropion (11.63 ± 0.48; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION The rapid growth of the ocular axis and corneal diameter may be the main cause of congenital glaucoma with acquired lower eyelid entropion. Therefore, children with poor control of intraocular pressure and excessive growth of ocular axis and corneal diameter must be observed for the existence of acquired epiblepharon.
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Abstract
Purpose: To report the clinical features, ultrasound biomicroscopic features, and management outcome in patients presenting with thyroid eye disease (TED) and lower eyelid entropion. Methods: Retrospective interventional case review of patients with TED presenting with lower eyelid entropion over a 12-year period.Results: Five patients (eight eyes) of a total of 1211 presented with lower eyelid entropion as one of the presenting signs of TED (0.41%). The average age was 28.8 years (18-39 years), and three patients were males. Three had systemic hyperthyroidism, and two were euthyroid. Four (80%) had bilateral TED, three had inactive disease, and two were active. The average Hertel exophthalmometry reading was 24.6 mm. All patients had upper lid retraction. Four (80%) had concomitant lower eyelid retraction. Entropion was medial in five and complete in three eyes. Symptomatic corneal epitheliopathy was noted in four eyes. UBM was performed in four eyes which showed a thickened middle lamella. In four eyes (three patients), the entropion was managed conservatively as the patient was not contemplating surgery for proptosis. In the remaining four eyes (two patients) orbital decompression was performed and the lower eyelid retractor release corrected the symptomatic entropion. The average follow-up was 11.6 months (range 1-30).Conclusion: Lower eyelid entropion is a rare presenting sign in TED. The mechanism is multifactorial and could be caused by the thickened and fibrosed lower lid retractors, as demonstrated by UBM. Young age and globe projection may play a role. Decompression approaches that involve lower lid retractor release correct the entropion.
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Early wound healing of the hard-palate mucosal harvest site using artificial dermis fixation by a transparent plate. Arch Plast Surg 2021; 48:208-212. [PMID: 33765740 PMCID: PMC8007456 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2020.00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are currently no guidelines for the postoperative wound management of the hard-palate donor site in cases involving mucosal harvesting. This study describes our experiences with the use of an artificial dermis for early epithelialization and transparent plate fixation in cases involving hard-palate mucosal harvesting. Methods A transparent palatal plate was custom-fabricated using a thermoplastic resin board. After mucosal harvesting, an alginic acid-containing wound dressing (Sorbsan) was applied to the donor site, which was then covered with the plate. After confirming hemostasis, the dressing was changed to artificial dermis a few days later, and the plate was fixed to the artificial dermis. The size of the mucosal defect ranged from 8×25 to 20×40 mm. Results Plate fixation was adequate, with no postoperative slippage or infection of the artificial dermis. There was no pain at the harvest site, but a slight sense of incongruity during eating was reported. Although the fabrication and application of the palatal plate required extra steps before and after harvesting, the combination of the artificial dermis and palatal plate was found to be very useful for protecting the mucosal harvest site, and resulted in decreased pain and earlier epithelialization. Conclusions The combination of artificial dermis and a transparent palatal plate for wound management at the hard-palate mucosal donor site resolved some of the limitations of conventional methods.
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Systematic review of the incidence of post-operative trichiasis in Africa. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:451. [PMID: 33203380 PMCID: PMC7670604 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery for trichiasis is one of the pillars of the World Health Organization's strategy for global elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. A high incidence of post-operative trichiasis or other poor surgical outcomes could jeopardize these efforts. In this review, we aimed to summarize the reported incidence of post-operative trichiasis and other poor outcomes of trichiasis surgery in Africa. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed, Academic Search Premier, Africa-Wide Information, CINAHL and Health Source Nursing through EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Reference lists of included studies were also reviewed to identify further potentially relevant publications. All observational and interventional studies that measured post-operative trichiasis in Africa as an outcome of trichiasis surgery were included. RESULTS Thirty-five papers reporting on 22 studies (9 interventional,13 observational; total 13,737 participants) met the inclusion criteria. The reported incidence of post-operative trichiasis in the included studies ranged from 2% (at 6 weeks after bilamellar tarsal rotation) to 69% (at 3 weeks after anterior lamellar repositioning). The incidence varied by surgical procedure, study design, and length of follow-up. CONCLUSION Trichiasis surgical outcomes should be improved. National trachoma programmes could benefit from identifying and adopting strategies to improve the performance and quality of their surgical service.
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Modified everting sutures combined with reattachment to the inferior tarsal plate for involutional lower eyelid entropion: A new technique. Arch Plast Surg 2020; 47:347-353. [PMID: 32718114 PMCID: PMC7398807 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2020.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated the outcomes of a new modified Wies technique for patients with involutional lower eyelid entropion without horizontal eyelid laxity. Methods This case series retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with entropion who underwent surgery between January 2014 and March 2019 by the same experienced surgeon. Horizontal eyelid laxity, lower eyelid retractor function, and orbicularis muscle overriding were recorded before and after surgery. The recurrence rate and complications were also evaluated. This technique consisted of modified everting sutures combined with reattachment of the lower eyelid retractors to the inferior tarsal plate. Results This new technique was performed on 28 eyes in 25 patients (mean age, 71.0±8.0 years; range, 56–87 years). Nine patients (36%) were women and 16 (64%) were men. Lower lid entropion was present in the right eye in 14 patients (56%), the left eye in eight patients (32%), and both eyes in three patients (12%). The mean follow-up period was 27.3±12.4 months (range, 6–60 months). No intraoperative complications were observed. All patients’ symptoms were alleviated. One patient (3.6%) had recurrence after 2 years (success rate, 96.4%). The remaining 27 eyes maintained a satisfactory and comfortable eyelid position. No patients had problems with scarring. Conclusions The approach described herein proved to be safe and feasible in eyes with involutional lower eyelid entropion without horizontal eyelid laxity. These advantages of this procedure include the lack of a conjunctival scar, punctal eversion, and lateral canthal angle deformation. A low recurrence rate and a long interval to recurrence were also observed.
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Response to Comments on Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Everting Sutures with a Lateral Tarsal Strip for Involutional Lower Eyelid Entropion. Ophthalmol Ther 2020; 9:369-370. [PMID: 32100201 PMCID: PMC7196099 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-020-00240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Surgical management of bilateral, upper and lower eyelid entropion in 27 Shar Pei dogs, using the Stades forced granulation procedure of the upper eyelid only. N Z Vet J 2019; 68:112-118. [PMID: 31738860 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2019.1694457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the outcome of surgical management of entropion of the upper and lower eyelids in Shar Pei dogs which had previously undergone temporary palpebral tacking, using the Stades forced granulation procedure of the upper eyelid only.Methods: Medical records were retrospectively searched to identify Shar Pei dogs referred for bilateral entropion of both the lower and upper eyelids, and that were treated with the forced granulation procedure of the upper eyelid only. Dogs were included if they had previously undergone unsuccessful temporary palpebral tacking and had at least three follow-up examinations in the 30 days following surgery.Results: Twenty-seven Shar Pei dogs with a median age of 7.9 (min 4, max 24) months were included in the study. Before surgery, all dogs showed signs of severe ocular discomfort with bilateral keratitis and visual deficit due to blepharospasm, enophthalmos and protrusion of the third eyelid. In 13/54 eyes, keratitis was associated with a corneal ulcer. When re-examined 4 weeks after surgery, correction of the upper eyelid entropion and associated trichiasis resolved ocular signs in 50/54 eyes. Mild bilateral lower entropion remained in two dogs postoperatively, which underwent revision surgery with the Hotz-Celsus technique. There were no cases of long-term recurrence of entropion or ocular irritation in the 38 eyes (19 dogs) which were re-examined 1 year after surgery.Conclusion and clinical relevance: The forced granulation procedure performed on the upper eyelid only was effective for correction of entropion in the Shar Pei dogs included in this study. In our experience, it is preferable to operate on the upper eyelid alone, rather than attempting to correct upper and lower entropion during the same surgical operation. The dog can then be reassessed a few weeks later to determine whether the lower entropion is anatomical or secondary to the severe blepharospasm resulting from the painful ocular irritation.
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Pigmentary keratitis in pugs in the United Kingdom: prevalence and associated features. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:384. [PMID: 31666065 PMCID: PMC6822449 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pigmentary keratitis (PK) is commonly recognised in Pugs, but its aetiology is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated features of PK in Pugs in the United Kingdom (UK). Results A total of 210 Pugs (420 eyes) were recruited from 12 UK dog shows and social events. The median age of Pugs recruited was 2.50 years (range 0.25–16.25 years). Pigmentary keratitis was detected in 369/420 (87.8%) eyes and in at least one eye 193/210 (91.9%) Pugs, of which 17/193 (8.8%) were affected unilaterally and 176/193 (91.2%) bilaterally. Pigmentary keratitis was typically mild to moderate (46.3 and 49.9% of eyes, respectively). Detection of PK was significantly associated with increased age (P = 0.002) and the presence of medial entropion of the lower eyelid (MELE) (P = 0.001). Severity of PK was significantly associated with the grade of MELE (P < 0.001). There was also a correlation between the presence of limbal pigment and PK (P = 0.036) that warrants further study. Conclusions This study estimated a high disease prevalence of PK in UK Pugs, and demonstrated significant associations with age and the presence of MELE. These associations, which have not been previously reported, offer an insight into the underlying pathophysiology of this condition in Pugs. The results encourage further population research, such as prospective longitudinal studies. These findings also support the development of clinical and breeding strategies based on the reduction of MELE and, possibly, limbal pigment.
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A small incision technique for repairing involutional lower eyelid entropion. Int Ophthalmol 2019; 40:281-285. [PMID: 31606822 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-019-01172-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this paper is to describe and review our experience with Goldberg's small incision technique for use with involutional entropion. METHODS Retrospective consecutive interventional case series with validated late surgical outcomes were reported. All involutional entropion cases with horizontal laxity of less than 8 mm were repaired with a small incision technique. Retractors were separated from the tarsus by blunt dissection made from three 4 mm horizontal incisions. Three 6-0 double-armed polyglactin sutures were used to tighten retractors and the orbicularis oculi muscle. The sutures were removed 3 weeks postoperatively or earlier if overcorrection continued during the first week of the postoperative period. Data were obtained for a postoperative follow-up period of at least 24 months. RESULTS A total of thirty-seven lower eyelids from thirty-one patients with involutional entropion were included in the study. Primary operations were performed on 31 eyelids and reoperations on six eyelids. The mean follow-up time was 40 ± 11 months. Thirty-six (97.3%) of the eyelids had no recurrence. As overcorrection was seen postoperatively in ten eyelids (27%), a number of sutures had to be removed earlier than planned. The ectropion eventually resolved, and no recurrence was seen during follow-up in these patients. CONCLUSIONS In our practice, the small incision technique has been highly effective in involutional entropion repair, with minimal complications. Although this approach does not directly address lateral canthal tendon laxity, the procedure has the advantages of being easy to learn and also that it can be combined with other procedures for tendon laxity.
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[Secondary surgeries in eyelid and orbital surgery]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2019; 64:440-458. [PMID: 31383625 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
If eyelid and orbital surgery is very often particularly rewarding, it can also be deceiving. Moreover, a dysfunction can be added to the aesthetic result, leading to a secondary surgery. Secondary surgeries at the orbital level will mainly relate to problems of volume (container - content), whereas at the eyelid level, it will be problems of position that will be met. These eyelids wrong positionings result from an imbalance of dynamic forces that could have preexisted to the first surgery or is a consequence of that surgery. And it's the clinical trial that will be key, allowing the prevention of complications in the first surgery and that in secondary surgery will do for the diagnostic and will lead to the repairing operation. Several examples will be presented and discussed.
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Surgical correction of involutional lower lid entropion with lateral canthal eyelid block excision and imbrication of the capsulopalpebral ligament using non-buried non-resorbable imbricating sutures versus buried resorbable imbricating sutures. Orbit 2019; 38:7-12. [PMID: 29498554 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2018.1446538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the results of surgical correction of involutional lower eyelid entropion using either buried resorbable imbricating sutures or non-buried non-resorbable sutures that were removed after five to seven days. METHODS Retrospective analysis of a two-surgeon series. Analysis of the charts of patients surgically treated for involutional lower eyelid entropion between January 2011 and December 2014 with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrence rate, postoperative complications. RESULTS We included 281 eyelids of 240 patients. Of these, 89 eyelids had been treated with buried resorbable imbricating sutures (surgeon WvdB) and 192 with non-buried non-resorbable sutures (surgeon DP). Of the 281 eyelids, 77 eyelids had undergone previous entropion surgery. In the buried resorbable suture group (group R), the mean follow-up was 30 months (range 12 to 61 months) versus 39 months (range 14 to 60 months) in the non-buried non-resorbable group (group NR) (p = 0.07). With a follow-up of up to 18 months, the recurrence rate was 2.2% in group R and 4.2% in group NR (p = 0.73). With a similar follow-up, the recurrence rate was 3.9% after primary surgery versus 2.6% in recurrent cases (p = 0.73). Minor postoperative complications and side-effects were seen in 5.3% (15/281). CONCLUSION We found no difference in the recurrence rate between the use of buried resorbable imbricating sutures and non-buried non-resorbable sutures and between primary versus recurrent cases. We conclude that we can safely use buried resorbable imbricating sutures in involutional entropion. It yields comparable results and omits the need for suture removal.
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The Prevalence of Lower Eyelid Fornix Fat Prolapse: A Diagnostic Measure of Involutional Entropion. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2018; 13:458-460. [PMID: 30479717 PMCID: PMC6210875 DOI: 10.4103/jovr.jovr_164_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In our experience, lower lid involutional entropion is commonly associated with inferior fornix fat prolapse and non-eversion of the tarsal plate. We aimed to assess the prevalence of this sign as an early diagnostic indicator of lower lid involutional entropion in symptomatic and control groups. Methods: Prospective, comparative, observational case series. Fornix fat prolapse and failure of tarsal eversion in patients with involutional entropion were studied. Fornix fat prolapse was assessed by pulling the lower lid margin to the inferior orbital rim and comparing the meniscus of the protruding fat. The absence of tarsal eversion and lid laxity were also assessed. Patients were reassessed following correction using radiofrequency entropion surgery. Results: Sixty eyes of 50 Caucasian patients with involutional entropion underwent entropion correction. Fornix fat prolapse was found preoperatively in 83.3% (50 eyes), with complete reversal of fat prolapse in 76% (38 eyes) over a mean follow-up of 18.9 months, after successful surgery (P < 0.01). None of the 100 eyes (50 patients) in the control group showed fornix fat prolapse or absence of lower lid tarsal eversion (P < 0.01). Conclusion: There is high prevalence of fornix fat prolapse and failure of tarsal eversion (BB sign) in involutional entropion, with reversal after successful eyelid surgery. The absence of fornix fat prolapse in normal controls suggests that this is an important, underlying anatomical etiology, with diagnostic and prognostic value.
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Efficacy of Inverted "V" Release Surgery in the Correction of a Special Type of Epicanthus. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018; 42:1304-1311. [PMID: 29992338 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a new correction method (inverted "V" release surgery) for epicanthus as a cause of congenital entropion/trichiasis in the lower eyelid. METHODS From May 2014 to May 2017, 60 eyes of 30 patients (13 male and 17 female patients, with the age of 6.85 ± 4.52 years underwent inverted "V" release surgery to correct epicanthus. The incision in the epicanthus and entropion was continuous. Lower eyelid entropion/trichiasis was corrected by a two-layered suture. We separately assessed the width of the palpebral fissure, exposed ratio of the lacrimal caruncle, eyelash direction, and incision scar at one and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS All patients were followed up for 6-18 months. At 6 months after surgery, the palpebral fissure width of all patients was extended by 3-4 mm. The ratio of the exposed lacrimal caruncle was enhanced from 0.24 ± 0.22 to 0.75 ± 0.08. All patients presented with natural inner canthal angles, and their eyelashes clearly extended outward, with a 100% total effective rate. The inner canthal incision scars in 83% of patients were invisible 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSION Based on our experience, both functionality and aesthetics can be obtained by using inverted "V" release surgery to correct a special type of epicanthus that aggravates congenital entropion/trichiasis in the lower eyelid. Thus, this technique is suitable for clinical application. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Involutional entropion repair combining the modified Bick quick strip procedure with Quickert rotational sutures. Orbit 2018; 38:130-132. [PMID: 30024812 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2018.1497066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to determine the results of involutional entropion repair by combining the modified Bick strip procedure with Quickert rotational sutures. METHODS A retrospective review of consecutive patients with involutional entropion who underwent repair by combined Bick and Quickert technique from January 2013 to December 2017 was performed. RESULTS A total of 43 cases of involutional entropion repair were preformed in this time period. Fourteen eyelids of 12 patients had the combined procedure. There were no failures with a median follow-up of 29 months. Mean operative time, recorded in 10 patients, was 15 ± 2.2 minutes. Complications were minimal. CONCLUSIONS The combination of the modified Bick quick strip procedure and Quickert sutures requires minimal surgical dissection and provides excellent results for the treatment of involutional entropion.
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Lower eyelid entropion repair with retractor mobilization and insertion onto the anterior surface of the tarsal plate. Orbit 2018; 37:121-124. [PMID: 29040033 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2017.1383450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a modified surgical technique for the correction of lower eyelid involutional entropion in terms of recurrence rate and relief of symptoms. METHOD A prospective series of 67 consecutive eyelids in 55 patients who underwent lower eyelid entropion repair using a modified surgical approach not previously published in the literature to the authors' knowledge. The surgical technique, via a skin crease incision, involves disinsertion of the lower eyelid retractors from the tarsus and conjunctiva and suturing the retractors onto the anterior surface of the tarsal plate. Standard excision of redundant lower lid skin and orbicularis muscle was also performed as well as lateral canthal tendon repair. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon (B. A. O'donnell). This study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. RESULTS There were 67 eyelids with a minimum of 12 months follow-up: of these only 1 patient (1%) required revision surgery (average follow-up 24 months). Four other eyelids had persistent or recurrent irritation (6%) not suggestive of, or secondary to, recurrence. Seven eyelids (10%) had undergone previous operative repair with no further recurrence following their most recent surgery. CONCLUSION Disinsertion and reattachment of the retractors to the anterior tarsal plate in lower eyelid entropion repair is an effective surgical technique to improve lower eyelid stability. Although minimum follow-up is 12 months and average follow-up 24 months, longer follow-up would further evaluate this technique.
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Abstract
We aim to provide a snapshot of the current surgical practice for correction of entropion and ectropion, the two most common oculoplastic procedures carried out in the UK, by surveying 135 consultant oculoplastic surgeons via the tool Survey Monkey. Forty-seven (35%) consultants responded. For entropion, 44% of surgeons opted for lateral tarsal strip (LTS) + everting sutures (ES). Other first-line choices included LTS + transcutaneous retractor plication (21%), Quickert's procedure (14%), ES (7%), and Wies procedure (5%). Important patient-related factors to consider were horizontal lid laxity and retractor dehiscence. Regarding ectropion, LTS was most commonly practiced (35%), followed by LTS + transconjunctival retractor plication (28%), wedge excision (16%), and lateral canthoplasty (5%). The patient-related factors guiding choice were horizontal lid laxity, lateral canthal tendon laxity, and punctal position under traction. Responses found a wide range of preferred surgical techniques in practice. The factors guiding surgical choice were personal audit results (92% stated important/very important), familiarity with the technique (92%), and the technique being favoured by previous trainers (76%), suggesting current practice led by expert opinion, possibly due to a lack of evidence-based literature. This highlights the variety of core oculoplastic surgical techniques practiced and underlines the need for robust trials to guide surgical choice.
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[Anterior lamellar resection with lid margin split of the upper eyelid in the treatment of trachomatous entropion]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2017; 40:453-459. [PMID: 28576402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The goal of this study is to assess functional and aesthetic results of anterior lamellar resection with lid margin splitting of the upper lid in the treatment of cicatricial trachomatous entropion. PATIENTS AND METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional study of a series of 26 consecutive patients treated between January 2014 and December 2015. All patients were operated for cicatricial trachomatous entropion in our tertiary center using the technique of the anterior lamellar resection with lid margin splitting of the upper eyelid. All patients were followed for 6 to 12 months after surgery. The anatomical, functional and aesthetic results were evaluated six months after surgery. They were considered good if there was no recurrence of the entropion, no lashes in contact with the cornea and no associated eyelid complications. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 68.5±10 years with a male predominance (sex ratio=1.8). The average initial corrected visual acuity was 0.65±0.35 LogMAR, ranging from counting fingers at 1m to 6/10. Involvement was bilateral in 34.6% of cases. Correction of the cicatricial entropion was achieved in 24 patients (92.3% of cases) and full correction of misdirected lashes without any contact with the ocular surface was obtained in 23 patients (88.4% of cases). The lid margin was regular in 88.4% of cases. A significant improvement of the tear film and corneal surface was observed in 84.6% of patients. During the follow-up period, no cases of recurrent entropion were reported. DISCUSSION Among the various surgical techniques, anterior lamellar resection with lid margin splitting is one that most respects the anatomy of the upper eyelid and allows precise intraoperative control of eyelid rotation and eversion of the misdirected lashes. Therefore, it reduces significantly the risk of recurrence and significantly enhances the aesthetic results of surgery. CONCLUSION Anterior lamellar resection with lid margin splitting of the upper eyelid is a simple and effective technique that significantly improves the aesthetic result of cicatricial trachomatous entropion.
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Abstract
Periorbital scarring with eyelid retraction can have serious visual effects and can lead to loss of vision or even loss of the eye. Understanding of eyelid anatomy and the delicate balance of its structural supports is critical for the identification of the eyelid disorder responsible for the cicatrix and helps to guide treatment. The 2-finger test and lateral distraction of the lid can also be of significant help in proper diagnosis of the underlying disorder. Proper reconstruction with respect to the anterior and posterior lamellae helps to ensure a favorable outcome.
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Marginal Entropion: A Frequently Overlooked Eyelid Malposition. Turk J Ophthalmol 2016; 45:203-207. [PMID: 27800233 PMCID: PMC5082242 DOI: 10.4274/tjo.20591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical findings and outcomes of surgical treatment in patients with marginal entropion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with impairment of the natural square-shaped eyelid margin morphology, anterior migration of mucocutaneous junction and mild lid inversion toward the ocular surface were diagnosed as having marginal entropion. Patients with shortened fornices, cicatricial changes or subconjunctival fibrosis were excluded. Demographic characteristics, ophthalmologic examination findings, surgical procedures and follow-up data were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS Twelve eyes of 11 patients were included in the study. Median age was 73 years (range, 49-84 years). All cases presented with signs of meibomianitis and were treated preoperatively with oral doxycycline and topical corticosteroids. Tarsal fracture procedure was performed for correction of lid malposition. In all patients, lid malposition was corrected and ocular irritation findings had regressed. No recurrences were observed in the follow-up period of mean 10 months (range, 5-16 months). CONCLUSION Marginal entropion is a common malposition that is frequently misdiagnosed as trichiasis and is overlooked. Complications secondary to misdiagnosis can be avoided and a normal lid position achieved when the correct diagnosis is made.
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Shared buccal mucosal graft for simultaneous repair of severe upper and lower eyelid cicatricial entropion. Orbit 2015; 35:24-8. [PMID: 26710260 DOI: 10.3109/01676830.2015.1099693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cicatricial entropion is typically an acquired condition that can affect the upper and lower eyelids. The purpose of this prospective study is to examine the effect of shared buccal mucosal grafts for simultaneous repair of severe upper and lower eyelid cicatricial entropion on eyelid position. METHODS Patients at the University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center Aston Ophthalmology clinic were identified who were diagnosed with cicatricial entropion. Patients found to have severe upper and lower eyelid cicatricial entropion were included in the study if they had undergone or were scheduled to undergo simultaneous upper and lower eyelid repair through the use of a shared mucosal graft. Pre-operative exams which included pre-operative photos and description of eyelid position were performed. Shared mucosal graft surgery was performed. At post-operative week 1, the patients had splitting of their shared mucosal grafts. Post-operative photos as well as post-operative description of eyelid position were made at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS At 6 months after surgical repair of severe upper and lower eyelid cicatricial entropion by shared mucosal grafts, patients were found to have resolution of entropic eyelid position as well improvement in ocular surface irritation. No adverse events were found and no graft failures occurred. CONCLUSIONS The use of a shared mucosal graft for the repair of severe upper and lower eyelid entropion, when sufficient tarsal structural support is present, is effective for the correction of eyelid malpositions and ocular surface irritation.
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Subciliary Approach for Inferior Orbital Rim Fractures; Case Series and Literature Review. Bull Emerg Trauma 2014; 2:121-124. [PMID: 27162880 PMCID: PMC4771275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the outcome of subciliary approach for inferior orbital rim fractures in a series of Iranian patients. METHODS This was prospective cross-sectional, being performed during a 12-month period during 2013 in plastic surgery department of Emamreza Hospital of Mashhad. We included 12 patients with traumatic inferior orbital rim fractures who underwent surgical repair through subciliary approach. All the patients were followed for 12 months and were evaluated regarding paresthesia and function as well as presence of a visible scar and lower-eyelid malposition. RESULTS There were 9 (75.0%) men and 3 (25.0%) women among the patients with mean age of 26.3±10.6 (range 16-48) years. Of the 12 patients treated with the subciliary approach, 4 (33.3%) experienced complications. One (8.3%) patient showed 1.5 mm sclera at the end of one year follow-up. No ectropion or entropion was reported in our series. In contrast to 3 (25.0%) cases of lower lid visible scar, there was no occurrence of hypertrophic scar. CONCLUSION It would be expected that the transorbital approach as it offers good visualization of anterior fractures would result in good outcomes in cases of orbital rim and f loor fracture.
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[Eye and systemic manifestations of Mobius syndrome]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2014; 81:297-302. [PMID: 24581746 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2013.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mobius syndrome is characterized by damage in the nucleus of the sixth and seventh cranial nerves, with subsequent facial palsy and abduction limitation of the eyes. The aim of this article is to describe the ophthalmological findings of the Mobius syndrome in Mexican children. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional, retrospective, observational and descriptive study was conducted. A review was made of the clinical charts of patients with Mobius syndrome who were seen in the National Institute of Pediatrics in Mexico, between the years 2000 and 2010. RESULTS A total of 64 charts were reviewed. The most important findings were eye abduction limitation (100%), facial palsy (100%), esotropia (54%), epicanthus (51.5%), entropion (22%), and history of use of abortion inducers in the mother in the first trimester of pregnancy (28%). We also found exotropia and hypertropia in some cases. CONCLUSIONS Mobius syndrome has a wide spectrum of ophthalmological manifestations that are important to detect early in order to improve function and esthetics.
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The efficacy of the combined procedure in involutional entropion surgery: a comparative study. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2013; 27:405-8. [PMID: 24311924 PMCID: PMC3849302 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2013.27.6.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of the combined procedure in the management of involutional entropion. METHODS In this study, we reviewed 45 eyes of 36 patients who underwent the combined procedure (lateral tarsal strip, retractor tightening, and everting sutures) for the management of involutional lower eyelid entropion and compared the results with 31 eyes of 25 patients who underwent the Wies procedure. Exclusion criteria included previous lower eyelid surgery and follow-up of less than 6 months. RESULTS No patients demonstrated entropion on the first postoperative day. The mean follow-up period was 18.4 months (6 to 52 months) in the Wies group and 22.6 months (6 to 59 months) in the combined procedure group. During the follow-up period, 9 of 31 eyes in the Wies group presented with recurrence and only 1 of 45 eyes in the combined procedure group presented with recurrence (p = 0.001). The average time of recurrence was 4.8 months in the Wies group. Recurrence occurred at 2 months postoperatively in the patient in the combined procedure group. Six of the 9 recurrences in the Wies group were managed by the combined procedure. None of these patients had further recurrence after correction. Three patients complained about a visible incision line after the Wies procedure. CONCLUSIONS The combined procedure seems to be more effective than the Wies procedure in the management of involutional entropion. The combined procedure addresses the three major causative factors in involutional entropion and makes it possible to perform the surgery using a small incision.
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Abstract
It is described a new version of modified Hotz-Celsus technique performed in four patients, two cats and two dogs. The surgery was carried out using CO(2) laser in order to avoid bleeding and decrease the anesthetic time. Besides, the wound created was not sutured and it healed by secondary intention without any complication. As a conclusion, this modification is a successful alternative to treat entropion in a safe and fast way.
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Surgical correction of Hallermann-Streiff syndrome: a case report of esotropia, entropion, and blepharoptosis. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2011; 25:142-5. [PMID: 21461230 PMCID: PMC3060394 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2011.25.2.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of surgical treatment for Hallermann-Streiff syndrome in a patient with ocular manifestations of esotropia, entropion, and blepharoptosis. A 54-year-old man visited Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital complaining of ocular discomfort due to cilia touching the corneas of both eyes for several years. He had a bird-like face, pinched nose, hypotrichosis of the scalp, mandibular hypoplasia with forward displacement of the temporomandibular joints, a small mouth, and proportional short stature. His ophthalmic features included sparse eyelashes and eyebrows, microphthalmia, nystagmus, lower lid entropion in the right eye, and upper lid entropion with blepharoptosis in both eyes. There was esodeviation of the eyeball of more than 100 prism diopters at near and distance, and there were limitations in ocular movement on lateral gaze. The capsulopalpebral fascia was repaired to treat the right lower lid entropion, but an additional Quickert suture was required to prevent recurrence. Blepharoplasty and levator palpebrae repair were performed for blepharoptosis and dermatochalasis. Three months after lid surgery, the right medial rectus muscle was recessed 7.5 mm, the left medial rectus was recessed 7.25 mm, and the left lateral rectus muscle was resected 8.0 mm.
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