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Jung W, Jung S, Sung SY. Epithelioid hemangioma of the acromion causing shoulder pain: a case report. Clin Shoulder Elb 2024:cise.2023.00941. [PMID: 38738329 DOI: 10.5397/cise.2023.00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma of bone is a rare benign vascular tumor. Because of the locally destructive clinical presentation and the presence of atypical histologic features with increased mitotic activity and necrosis, it is often misdiagnosed as low-grade malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma or high-grade malignant epithelioid angiosarcoma. Correct diagnosis through imaging studies and histopathological examination is mandatory to determine the appropriate course of treatment, as the prognosis differs from that of other malignant hemangioma tumors. A 69-year-old male who presented with intractable shoulder pain caused by epithelioid hemangioma in the acromion of the scapula was treated with tumor curettage. This paper reports a good result with a review of the relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whanyong Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Suil Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Sung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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2
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Tortorelli I, Bellan E, Chiusole B, Murtas F, Ruggieri P, Pala E, Cerchiaro M, Buzzaccarini MS, Scarzello G, Krengli M, Bisinella G, Battisti S, Di Maggio A, Zagonel V, Tos APD, Sbaraglia M, Brunello A. Primary vascular tumors of bone: A comprehensive literature review on classification, diagnosis and treatment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 195:104268. [PMID: 38237880 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary vascular tumors of bone are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, ranging from benign hemangiomas to frankly malignant epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas and angiosarcomas. Over the years, their classification has been a matter of discussion, due to morphologic similarities and uncertainty regarding biologic behavior. Over the past decade, with the development of next-generation sequencing, there has been a significant improvement in the molecular characterization of these lesions. The integration of their morphologic, immunohistochemical and molecular features has led to a better stratification, with important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Nevertheless, primary vascular bone tumors still represent a challenge for medical oncologists. Given their rarity and heterogeneity, in the last few years, there has been no significant progress in medical treatment options, so further research is needed. Here we present a review of the current knowledge regarding primary vascular tumors of the bone, correlating clinicopathologic features with tumor behavior and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Tortorelli
- Oncology 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padua, Via Nicolò Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Bellan
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, Via Gabelli 61, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Benedetta Chiusole
- Oncology 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Murtas
- Oncology 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padua, Via Nicolò Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Pietro Ruggieri
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padua, Via Nicolò Giustiniani 1, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Pala
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padua, Via Nicolò Giustiniani 1, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Cerchiaro
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padua, Via Nicolò Giustiniani 1, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Scarzello
- Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Via Nicolò Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Krengli
- Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Via Nicolò Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bisinella
- Division of Orthopedics and Trauma, AULSS 6 Euganea, Ospedali Riuniti Padova Sud, Via Albere 30, Monselice, Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Battisti
- Division of Orthopedics and Trauma, AULSS 6 Euganea, Ospedali Riuniti Padova Sud, Via Albere 30, Monselice, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Maggio
- Oncologic Radiology Unit, Department of Radiology and Medical Physics, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Vittorina Zagonel
- Oncology 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, Via Gabelli 61, 35121 Padua, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Via 8 Febbraio 2, 35122 Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Sbaraglia
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, Via Gabelli 61, 35121 Padua, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Via 8 Febbraio 2, 35122 Padua, Italy
| | - Antonella Brunello
- Oncology 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy.
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Khan AA, Ahuja S, Zaheer S, Das S. Epithelioid Hemangioma of the Nasal Cavity: a Diagnostic Challenge. Indian J Surg Oncol 2024; 15:181-184. [PMID: 38511032 PMCID: PMC10948671 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-024-01875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma also known as angio-lymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is a rare benign vascular neoplasm of unknown etiology. It very rarely involves the nasal cavity. It always poses a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and is usually misdiagnosed as Kimura's, IgG4-related disease, or malignant vascular tumors. The present case report describes an extremely rare presentation of epithelioid hemangioma inside the left nasal cavity causing complete obstruction and nasal septal deviation towards the right side in a young male. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections depicted a lobular proliferation of small capillary-sized vessels lined by plump epithelioid endothelial cells surrounding central vessels and scattered around them. These cells had abundant eosinophilic to amphophilic cytoplasm and enlarged nuclei with fine chromatin and central nucleoli. On immunohistochemistry, CD34 and CD31 highlighted the vascular proliferation and epithelioid endothelial cells. Erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS)-related gene (ERG) showed strong nuclear positivity in neoplastic plump epithelioid endothelial cells. EH is a benign vascular proliferation, but a high chance of recurrence is seen if complete resection is not done. As a result, the treatment of choice is complete surgical excision with clear margins. The case highlights a non-conventional presentation of epithelioid hemangioma and the importance of histomorphological features in diagnosing this entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Aziz Khan
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Ahuja
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sufian Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumanta Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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4
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Abstract
Osseous vascular anomalies can be characterized as vascular tumors or malformations. Classification is vital for prognosis and treatment. Much remains unknown about conditions such as Gorham-Stout disease. Treatments target the proposed genetic pathways such as PI3KCA/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea B Burke
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Washington School of Dentistry, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Box 357134, Seattle, WA 98195-7134, USA.
| | - Chao Dong
- University of Washington School of Dentistry
| | - Srinivasa R Chandra
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery-Head Neck Oncology/Microvascular Reconstruction, Oregon Health & Science University
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5
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Galib R, Gupta N, Rahman A, Aftab M, Qadri S, Alam K. An Unusual Presentation of Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia as Postauricular Mass: A case Report. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:1138-1142. [PMID: 38440547 PMCID: PMC10908713 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare, benign, reactive vaso-proliferative condition in the dermal and subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck. A 28-year-old female presented with slow-growing painless swelling behind her left ear. FNAC revealed benign soft tissue neoplasm and histopathological examination after surgical excision revealed angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. ALHE origin has been variously attributed to prior trauma, hyperestrogenemia, infectious agents, atopy, reactive hyperplasia, and benign neoplasia. Retroauricular ALHE has been rarely reported. However, on the basis of our case report, it should be a viable differential diagnosis when large subcutaneous tumors of the head and neck are encountered. When big subcutaneous tumors of the head and neck are present, especially in females, a valid differential diagnosis for angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, a rare condition marked by dermal or subcutaneous endothelial cell proliferation, should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Galib
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Nainsi Gupta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Abdur Rahman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Mohd Aftab
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Shagufta Qadri
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Kiran Alam
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
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Prabakaran S, R.B NN, Rajasekaran S, Adithya V, Ashmitha A. Epithelioid Hemangioma of Tongue a Case Report. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:3912-3916. [PMID: 37974871 PMCID: PMC10646121 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular lesion which most commonly appears as a nodular lesion in the head and neck area. Here, we present a rare case of nodular swelling in the dorsal aspect of the tongue in a 30 year old male for the past 3 months. Excision of growth was done and histopathological examination revealed epithelioid hemangioma of the tongue. Patient is on regular follow up and there is no evidence of recurrence. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03969-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prabakaran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
| | - Namasivaya Navin R.B
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
| | - S Rajasekaran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
| | - V Adithya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
| | - A Ashmitha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
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7
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Ferreira J, Tiago J, Gerardo G, Soares T, Cabral G, Costa T, Rossello J, Cunha E Sá D, Gonçalo G. An Epithelioid Hemangioma Camouflaged As Radial Aneurysm. Port J Card Thorac Vasc Surg 2023; 30:61-63. [PMID: 37029948 DOI: 10.48729/pjctvs.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma (EH) is an uncommon benign vascular lesion usually present as subcutaneous nodules in the head and neck area. Sometimes, these lesions can occur in the peripheral arteries, and when they do, they can be mistaken for aneurysmal dilatations of that respective vessel. We report a case of a 43-year-old male who underwent surgical recession of a radial aneurysm, which after anatomopathological examination, revealed an EH.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ferreira
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - José Tiago
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | | | - Tony Soares
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Cabral
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - Tiago Costa
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - José Rossello
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - Diogo Cunha E Sá
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - Gerardo Gonçalo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
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8
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Dong BC, Lee RP, Lubelski D, Vosler PS, Theodore NA, Meyer CF, Creighton FX, Jackson CM. Resection of Condylar Skull Base Tumor via Combined Far Lateral and Infrajugular Approaches with Single-Stage Occipitocervical Fusion. World Neurosurg 2023; 170:1. [PMID: 36455849 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma is a rare vascular mesenchymal tumor with a paucity of reports of cranial involvement. In particular, guidance on treatment for lateral skull base lesions is lacking, despite this being a highly technically challenging location. Nuances in the management decisions for this tumor type are discussed. Two major challenges with this location are proximity to critical neurovascular structures and managing secondary craniocervical instability. We present a patient with a lateral skull base epithelioid hemangioma treated with transcondylar resection, single-stage occipitocervical fusion, and adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy. The patient consented to both the procedure and the published report of her case including imaging. Obtaining tissue was necessary for diagnosis. Maximal safe resection, resection of a tumor such that the greatest clinical benefit is achieved with the minimum risk, was favored given the location and vascularity of the lesion. Occipitocervical fusion was recommended given ongoing bony destruction by the tumor and further expected iatrogenic instability upon resection. This was performed as a single stage given expected need for postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy and dynamic neck pain (Video 1). Surgical planning and decision making are detailed, including rationale and potential risks and benefits. We discuss positioning, equipment needs, and the importance of a multidisciplinary surgical team. Park bench positioning was used for part 1, left-sided extended far lateral and infratemporal fossa presigmoid approaches. For part 2, occipitocervical fusion, the patient was transitioned to prone position. The anatomy is highlighted in labeled pictures of the approach and dissection, and surgical video is presented for key surgical steps. Preoperative and postoperative imaging is analyzed. A desirable clinical outcome was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan C Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ryan P Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Lubelski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter S Vosler
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas A Theodore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christian F Meyer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Francis X Creighton
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher M Jackson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Abboud S, Bhatt A, Pateva I, Saab S, Hameed M, Healey J, Getty P. Multidisciplinary, articular surface-preserving treatment strategy for locally aggressive epithelioid hemangioma of the acetabulum employing serial bland transarterial embolization. Skeletal Radiol 2022; 51:1493-1498. [PMID: 35001142 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-021-03977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma is a rare, histologically benign but locally aggressive primary vascular neoplasm that can rarely arise in bone. Mainstay treatment is surgical resection or curettage with bone grafting. We report a novel multidisciplinary, joint-sparing treatment approach for an epithelioid hemangioma of bone arising in the acetabulum causing severe thinning of the subchondral bone plate. After 4 sessions of transarterial bland particle and ethanol embolization, the resultant increased ossification of the tumor allowed preservation of the articular surface during surgical resection. Imaging follow-up 14 months after surgical resection showed no evidence of recurrence and continued ossification of the portions of the lesion treated only with embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Abboud
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Aashish Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Irina Pateva
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shahrazad Saab
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Meera Hameed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Healey
- Orthopaedic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Getty
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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10
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Hung YP. Vascular Tumors of Bone: Updates and Diagnostic Pitfall. Surg Pathol Clin 2021; 14:645-663. [PMID: 34742485 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vascular tumors of bone can be diagnostically challenging because of their rarity and histologic overlap with diverse mimics. Vascular tumors of bone can be categorized as benign (hemangioma), intermediate-locally aggressive (epithelioid hemangioma), intermediate-rarely metastasizing (pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma), and malignant (epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and angiosarcoma). Recurrent genetic alterations have been described, such as FOSB rearrangements in pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma and a subset of epithelioid hemangiomas; CAMTA1 or TFE3 rearrangements in epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. This review discusses the clinical, histologic, and molecular features of vascular tumors of bone, along with diagnostic pitfalls and strategies for avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin P Hung
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Marton N, Ramos-Oliver I, Cajal AG, de Albert M, Dominguez Oronoz R. Transarticular epithelioid hemangioma of the ankle-a case of a rare vascular neoplasm. Skeletal Radiol 2021; 50:1263-1270. [PMID: 33420574 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-020-03687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma of the bone is a rare kind of vascular neoplasm posing a diagnostic challenge because of its ability to mimic malignant tumors. We report a case of a fast-growing, talofibular joint-involving epithelioid hemangioma, which was suspectedly initiated by vascular damage due to trauma and arthroscopy. The ankle mass appeared as a lytic lesion on the CT images and as a T1 hypo-, T2 mildly hyperintense, lobulated structure on the MRI scans. The contrast enhancement pattern was typical to vascular neoplasms. Histologically the lesion consisted of well-formed vessels lined with epithelioid cells with a slightly atypical nuclear morphology, inflammation with a significant number of eosinophils, and low mitotic rate. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed the presence of vascular markers but no rearrangements characteristic of soft tissue sarcomas were registered by the next-generation sequencing. The surgical treatment was curative. The report presents current imaging methods and summarizes the imaging findings of transarticular spreading tumors. The paper also highlights that for the differential diagnosis of vascular tumors showing signs of aggressivity, the pathological analysis is inevitable. Correct diagnosis of the epithelioid hemangioma is essential, as the treatment of more malignant entities is substantially different. An added value of the report is that to the best of our knowledge, a transarticular spreading epithelioid hemangioma of the ankle has never been described before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Marton
- Department of Radiology, Jahn Ferenc Hospital, 1 Koves ut, Budapest, H-1204, Hungary. .,Experimental Rheumatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | | | | | - Matías de Albert
- Department of Radiology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Yasui M, Kikuchi Y, Fujikura M, Morita S, Numakura S, Watabe S, Nozawa K, Matsuda K, Hashiguchi Y, Ishida T, Uozaki H. Concurrent epithelioid hemangioma and diffuse cavernous hemangioma in the rectum clinically mimicking a malignant tumor: a case report. Virchows Arch 2021. [PMID: 33496804 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor that consists of capillary-sized vessels lined by epithelioid endothelial cells. Diffuse cavernous hemangioma is a congenital benign vascular neoplasm consisting of increased dilated vessels. We report a case of epithelioid hemangioma and diffuse cavernous hemangioma that co-occurred in the rectum. To our knowledge, this is the first report in which two rare vascular lesions coexisted. Because both epithelioid hemangioma and diffuse cavernous hemangioma are often clinically confounded by malignant tumors, differentiating these benign lesions from other possible malignant tumors is significant.
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13
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Okada E, Matsumoto M, Nishida M, Iga T, Morishita M, Tezuka M, Mukai K, Kobayashi E, Watanabe K. Epithelioid Hemangioma of the Thoracic Spine: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Spinal Cord Med 2019; 42:800-805. [PMID: 29065791 PMCID: PMC6830232 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2017.1390032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Osseous epithelioid hemangioma is uncommon, and reports of epithelioid hemangiomas of the spine are especially rare.Study Design: Case report.Findings: A 43-year-old male was referred to our department with progressive gait disturbance. CT scans showed a lucent mass in the vertebral body at the T3 level. MRI of the thoracic spine showed a strongly enhanced mass compressing the spinal cord. The patient underwent laminectomy from T2 to T4, debulking of the tumor, and posterior fusion from T1 to T5. After the operation, the patient's neurological status improved significantly, and he was able walk without assistance. Histological examination determined that the tumor was an epithelioid hemangioma. The patient was treated with 40 Gy radiation for local control of the tumor. The patient could walk without difficulty 12 months after the surgery.Conclusion: This is a rare example of an epithelioid hemangioma that developed in the thoracic spine and compressed the spinal cord, and was treated successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eijiro Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Nishida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahito Iga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Midori Morishita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Tezuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Mukai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kobayashi
- Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Correspondence to: Kota Watanabe, M.D., Ph.D., Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo #160-8582, Japan, E-mail:
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Siltumens AP, Smith NL, Sharain RF, Haddock MG, Hooten WM. Treatment of lumbar vertebra epithelioid hemangioma with radiation therapy: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2019; 13:308. [PMID: 31615579 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-019-2237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although epithelioid hemangiomas involving bone have been described in previous case reports and case series, the effects of radiation therapy on vertebral epithelioid hemangioma has not been fully reported. Here we provide a case report of tumor response to radiation therapy in a young adult with a large epithelioid hemangioma involving the fourth lumbar vertebrae. Case presentation A 27-year-old Latino man with a past medical history of type 1 diabetes and a 3-year history of low back pain presented to a hospital emergency department following acute worsening of back pain. On transfer to our tertiary medical center, he described the pain as “shock-like” which originated at the lateral aspect of his right hip and radiated down to his right knee. Paresthesia was also reported along the medial aspect of his lower right leg. Imaging included a computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging which revealed fourth lumbar and right iliac lytic bone lesions. Image-guided biopsies of the lytic lesions were consistent with a diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioma and radiation therapy was recommended as the primary treatment. Our patient’s low back and leg pain were initially managed with acetaminophen, oxycodone, pregabalin, and lidocaine patch 5%. He noted improvement in pain after his third fraction of radiation. Pain intensity continued to decline and oxycodone was discontinued. Conclusions This case report demonstrates an unusual etiology of back and leg pain in a young man and elucidates the palliative effects of radiation therapy for epithelioid hemangioma involving the lumbar spine.
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of orbital cellular epithelioid hemangioma (EH) in which FOSB and CAMTA1 immunostains were used to detect a cytogenetic rearrangement as an adjunctive tool in diagnosis. METHODS Case report. RESULTS A patient with a history of prior ligation of a presumed orbital varix presented with recurrent proptosis. Imaging revealed a highly vascular right orbital mass. Microscopic examination revealed a circumscribed neoplasm composed of plump epithelioid endothelial cells with copious mildly eosinophilic cytoplasm and relatively uniform vesicular nuclei. To aid in diagnosis, immunostains for FOSB and CAMTA1 were performed to detect corresponding cytogenetic rearrangements. The presence of multifocal nuclear positivity for FOSB, indicating FOSB genetic rearrangement, and negativity for CAMTA1 were considered reassuring features against a diagnosis of a malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE), supporting a diagnosis of benign cellular EH. CONCLUSIONS This case report demonstrates that the use of immunohistochemical stains to detect cytogenetic rearrangements may aid in the distinction between benign EH and malignant EHE. It also reminds providers of the clinical and histopathologic features of this lesion, which occurs rarely in the orbit, and helps clarify the evolving nomenclature surrounding epithelioid hemangioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary C Stiefel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - John D Ng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - David J Wilson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Daniel M Albert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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16
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Broida S, Reimer N, Read WL. Recurrent Epithelioid Hemangioma of the Bony Pelvis Responding to Propranolol. Case Rep Oncol 2019; 12:704-708. [PMID: 31607887 PMCID: PMC6787426 DOI: 10.1159/000502947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular neoplasm which can arise in bone. Resection is generally curative, but occasionally lesions recur and recurrence after surgery can be morbid and destructive. Recent case reports have described the effective use of oral propranolol to control recurrent epithelioid hemangioma of the orbit. We report the case of a 26 year old man with recurrent aggressive osseous epithelioid hemangioma in the pelvis of which has been controlled for over a year with outpatient propranolol monotherapy.
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17
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Xian J, Righi A, Vanel D, Baldini N, Errani C. Epithelioid hemangioma of bone: A unique case with multifocal metachronous bone lesions. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2019; 10:1068-1072. [PMID: 31708630 PMCID: PMC6834962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma of bone is a rare vascular neoplasm with a ubiquitous distribution. To date, up to 25% epithelioid hemangioma of bone presents synchronous bone lesions. We report a unique case of epithelioid hemangioma with multifocal metachronous bone lesions without any fatal outcome observed after a long period. Importantly, a strong nuclear expression of FOSB antibody was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. In this case, the pathologic and radiologic findings are also described. We suggest that epithelioid hemangioma can present multifocal metachronous bone lesions without producing a fatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xian
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Via Foscolo 7, 40132, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Righi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniel Vanel
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Via Foscolo 7, 40132, Bologna, Italy
| | - Costantino Errani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy,Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Pupilli n1, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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18
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Abstract
The classification of vascular tumors of bone has been under debate over time. Vascular tumors in bone are rare, display highly overlapping morphology, and, therefore, are considered difficult by pathologists. Compared with their soft tissue counterparts, they are more often multifocal and sometimes behave more aggressively. Over the past decade, with the advent of next-generation sequencing, recurrent molecular alterations have been found in some of the entities. The integration of morphology and molecular changes has led to a better characterization of these separate entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G P van IJzendoorn
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postzone L1-Q, Postbus 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postzone L1-Q, Postbus 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands.
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19
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Tsikopoulos K, Perdikakis E, Georgiannos D, Bisbinas I. Epithelioid hemangioma of the scapula treated with chemoembolization and microwave ablation: Α case report. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2018; 52:157-61. [PMID: 28159479 DOI: 10.1016/j.aott.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bone epithelioid hemangiomas are classified within benign vascular tumours but are commonly misdiagnosed as low-grade angiosarcomas or epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas. Current therapeutic interventions include various treatment options but local recurrence or distal lymph node involvement has been reported. We report a rare case of scapular epithelioid hemangioma that was initially treated using a combination of chemoembolization and microwave ablation. This combination has not been previously reported in the literature regarding the management of this tumour. A year after the first course of treatment, the tumour size has been reduced more than 70% and the patient has remarkable clinical improvement. Results reported in this case study demonstrated that combination of chemoembolization and microwave ablation is a feasible, safe and effective technique in the treatment of bone epithelioid hemangiomas. Even if the tumour is still present afterwards, a substantially smaller surgical excision will be needed.
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20
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Schenker K, Blumer S, Jaramillo D, Treece AL, Bhatia A. Epithelioid hemangioma of bone: radiologic and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics with histopathological correlation. Pediatr Radiol 2017; 47:1631-7. [PMID: 28721475 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelioid hemangioma is a rare vascular tumor that can occur in soft tissues or bone. The tumor is part of a spectrum of vascular tumors that also includes epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and angiosarcoma. When involving the bone, the tumor usually involves the metaphysis or diaphysis of the long tubular bones and most commonly occurs in adults. It has been rarely reported in pediatric patients, and in these reported patients, the tumor primarily involves the epiphysis. OBJECTIVE To review three cases of epithelioid hemangioma of bone occurring in pediatric patients involving the epiphysis and to explore the imaging features of this tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospectively review three cases of epithelioid hemangioma occurring in skeletally immature patients. RESULTS These tumors primarily involved the epiphyses or epiphyseal equivalent bones. One lesion was centered in the metaphysis but extended to the epiphysis. These are three cases presenting in an unusual location and at an unusual age. CONCLUSION Epithelioid hemangioma, though rare, can occur in pediatric patients and appears to involve the epiphyses in these patients. This is in contrast to the usual age and location reported. Epithelioid hemangioma may be considered for an epiphyseal lesion in a skeletally immature patient.
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21
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Zhou Q, Lu L, Fu Y, Xiang K, Xu L. Epithelioid hemangioma of bone: a report of two special cases and a literature review. Skeletal Radiol 2016; 45:1723-7. [PMID: 27660230 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-016-2482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Intraosseous epithelioid hemangioma (EH) is a rare intermediate vascular neoplasm, characterized by locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing behavior. Occasionally, EH of bone can behave strangely and may simulate malignant neoplasm. Here, we report two cases of EH of bone. Of interest was the fact that the computed tomography and magnetic resonance images from one case showed an osteolytic lesion in the right scapula, with multiple swollen lymph nodes in the right supraclavicular and axillary areas. Another patient exhibited a local recurrence in the cervical vertebrae. The initial radiological diagnosis of both cases was metastatic tumor. EH should be included in the differential diagnosis of a radiographic osteolytic lesion with an aggressive appearance. Also, we reviewed the literature that reported EH of bone and summarized their radiological appearances. The cases of EH of bone that exhibited involvement of regional or draining lymph nodes were also summarized.
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22
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Lin YC, Chuang WY, Hu CH, Cheung YC, Ng SH, Lin G, Juan YH. Ulnar arterial epithelioid hemangioma: A unique demonstration using time-resolved MR angiography. Int J Cardiol 2016; 223:18-20. [PMID: 27525371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Keelung, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chung Cheung
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Keelung, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hang Ng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Keelung, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Keelung, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Clinical Phenome Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fuhsing St., Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Juan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Keelung, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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23
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Weaver SM, Kumar AB. Epithelioid hemangioma of the spine: an uncommon cause of spinal cord compression. Acta Neurol Belg 2015; 115:843-5. [PMID: 25672266 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-015-0437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheena M Weaver
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Avinash B Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA.
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Asakura K, Hayashi K, Saito K, Hirose T, Kurosu K, Fukunaga T. Epithelioid hemangiomas arising in the coronary artery and right ventricle: A case report. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2015; 17:443-5. [PMID: 26593987 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioma (EH) is a benign vascular lesion. It is generally found in the dermis, subcutis, and rarely in visceral organs. We identified incidental EHs of the right coronary artery and right ventricle during an autopsy of Japanese female whose cause of death was liver cirrhosis. The tumor of the coronary artery originated from the tunica media of the artery and proliferated into the intima and out of the vascular wall. It resulted in marked luminal narrowing of approximately 50%-75% stenosis. However, no evidence of myocardial ischemia was found. Cardiac EH is rare and this is the first report of EH arising in the coronary artery, to our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Asakura
- Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 4-21-18 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan.
| | - Kino Hayashi
- Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 4-21-18 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Saito
- Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 4-21-18 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Hirose
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Katsumi Kurosu
- Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 4-21-18 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Tatsushige Fukunaga
- Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 4-21-18 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
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25
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Abstract
The diagnosis of vascular tumors is a challenging area in soft tissue pathology. Epithelioid vascular tumors pose a particular challenge. Due to the epithelioid morphology of the tumor cells, they can be misdiagnosed as a variety of other entities, including metastatic carcinoma or epithelioid sarcoma. Furthermore, it can be difficult to distinguish between different epithelioid vascular tumors. This review focuses on vascular tumors characterized by epithelioid endothelial cells, including epithelioid hemangioma, cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, epithelioid sarcomalike hemangioendothelioma/pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma, and epithelioid angiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Ko
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Steven D Billings
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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26
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Mukherjee B, Kadaskar J, Priyadarshini O, Krishnakumar S, Biswas J. Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia of the Orbit and Adnexa. Ocul Oncol Pathol 2015; 2:40-7. [PMID: 27171790 DOI: 10.1159/000433545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare disorder presenting with solitary or multiple nodules in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues. ALHE shares clinical as well as histopathological characteristics with Kimura disease (KD), but they have been considered to be two distinct entities based on their histological features. Orbital and adnexal involvement in ALHE is rare. The published literature is limited to few case reports featuring single cases. METHODS We report a series of 5 cases of ALHE presenting with diverse clinical features seen at a tertiary referral care centre in India. We also review the published literature with a special emphasis on the treatment modalities for orbital and adnexal ALHE. RESULTS Three patients of this series presented with orbital involvement, while the remaining 2 had involvement of the eyelid. Three patients underwent incisional and/or excisional biopsy, whereas 2 were managed conservatively. There were no recurrences seen on follow-up. CONCLUSIONS ALHE can rarely involve the orbit and adnexa. There is no consensus on the best modality of management of this rare entity. ALHE and KD have often been considered variations of the same disease, but it is important to differentiate between the two entities for optimal patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipasha Mukherjee
- Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Chennai, India
| | - Jayant Kadaskar
- Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Jyotirmay Biswas
- Ocular Pathology, Sankara Nethralaya Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India
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Boyaci B, Hornicek FJ, Nielsen GP, DeLaney TF, Pedlow FX, Mansfield FL, Carrier CS, Harms J, Schwab JH. Epithelioid hemangioma of the spine: a case series of six patients and review of the literature. Spine J 2013; 13:e7-13. [PMID: 24045160 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Epithelioid hemangioma (EH) of bone is a benign vascular tumor that can be locally aggressive. It rarely arises in the spine, and the optimum management of EH of the vertebrae is not well delineated. PURPOSE The report describes our experience treating six patients with EH of the spine in an effort to document the treatment of the rare spinal presentation. STUDY DESIGN This study is designed as a retrospective cohort study. PATIENT SAMPLE A continuous series of patients with the diagnosis of EH of the spine who presented at our institution. OUTCOME MEASURES The clinical and radiographic follow-up of the patient population is documented. METHODS The Bone Sarcoma Registry at our institution was used to obtain a list of all patients diagnosed with EH of the spine. Medical records, radiographs, and pathology reports were retrospectively reviewed in all cases. Only biopsy-proven cases were included. RESULTS The six patients included five men and one woman who ranged in age from 20 to 58 years (with an average age of 40 years). The follow-up available for all six patients ranged from 6 to 115 (average 46.8) months. All patients presented with lytic vertebral body lesions. Five patients presented with pain secondary to their tumor, and the tumor in the sixth patient was found incidentally during the workup for a herniated disc. Three patients required surgical management for instability secondary to the destructive nature of their tumors, and two other patients required emergent decompression secondary to spinal cord compression by the tumor. The sixth patient was treated expectantly after biopsy confirmation. Three patients received postoperative radiation therapy as gross tumor remained after surgery. Three patients had gross total resections and did not receive postoperative radiation. Preoperative embolization was used in four patients. One patient continued to have back pain after surgery and radiation and another continued to have ataxia after surgery and radiation. No tumor locally recurred or progressed. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that EH of the spine can be locally aggressive and lead to instability and cord compression. Surgery is required in such instances; however, observation should be considered in patients without instability or cord compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Boyaci
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Klinikum Langensteinbach, Langensteinbach, Germany
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28
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Abstract
The aim of this case report is to present a rare case which has been reported with the history of small nodule like growth on mandibular buccal and lingual area. Thirty year old pregnant women reported a nodule on left mandibular buccal and lingual region. The lesion was surgically excised and sent for biopsy to differentiate from kimura's disease, pyogenic granuloma, epithelioid angiosarcoma (EH). Histologically lesion shows proliferation of endothelial cells along blood vessels suggesting epithelioid hemangioma. The purpose of this report is to discuss and differentiate EH and other vascular rare entities occurring in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India
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29
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Al-Muharraqi MA, Faqi MK, Uddin F, Ladak K, Darwish A. Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia ( epithelioid hemangioma) of the face: An unusual presentation. Int J Surg Case Rep 2011; 2:258-60. [PMID: 22096746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare entity that usually occurs as 0.5-3 cm pink to brown nodules in the skin surface and subcutaneous tissues of the head & neck. Here we report an unusual occurrence in size and appearance of ALHE in the tissues of the cheek of an adult Asian male.
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Lembo S, Balato A, Cirillo T, Balato N. A Long-Term Follow-Up of Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia Treated by Corticosteroids: When a Traditional Therapy is Still Up-to-Date. Case Rep Dermatol 2011; 3:64-7. [PMID: 21487464 PMCID: PMC3073756 DOI: 10.1159/000323182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare and idiopathic vascular disorder. It is characterized by red to brown papules or nodules dislocated in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. These lesions are typically localized on the head and neck, particularly around the ear as singular or multiple nodules. Although ALHE is a benign disease, lesions are often persistent and difficult to eradicate. ALHE can occur in all races, but it is reported more frequently in Asians. Young to middle-aged women are more commonly affected. The histological examination corresponds to a florid vascular proliferation with atypical endothelial cells surrounded by a lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltrate. We describe the case of a 67-year-old Caucasian man with a nodular lesion in the right postauricular region for 3 years. The histological examination was consistent with ALHE. Monthly intralesional corticosteroid injections were performed for 6 months, and complete remission was achieved. After 10 years of follow-up, the patient is free of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Lembo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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31
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Sirikulchayanonta V, Jinawath A, Jaovisidha S. Epithelioid hemangioma involving three contiguous bones: a case report with a review of the literature. Korean J Radiol 2010; 11:692-6. [PMID: 21076597 PMCID: PMC2974233 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2010.11.6.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An epithelioid hemangioma involving three contiguous bones in continuity has, to the best of our knowledge, not been reported in the literature. A case of a 48-year-old man presented with radiating pain to the lower thoracic region for two years. A radiograph and CT scan revealed both permeative osteolytic and multiple trabeculated lesions involving the left posterior part of the 10th rib as well as the 9th and 10th vertebral bodies in continuity and was misled as a malignant or infectious lesion. The histopathology and immuno-histochemistry of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of an epithelioid hemangioma. The lesion was still stable as of three years after surgery.
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Kim SM, Yoon J, Yoon TJ. Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia on the palm. Ann Dermatol 2010; 22:358-61. [PMID: 20711280 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2010.22.3.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an uncommon dermal angioproliferating tumor, characterized by red to brown papules or nodules on the head and neck, though also occurring in the mouth, trunk, extremities and inguinal area. The palm is a very unusual site for ALHE, and there have been very few cases reported globally thus far. ALHE can be pruritic and painful and histopathologic findings show vascular proliferation with infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the dermis. Plump endothelial cells protrude into the lumen. We report a case of ALHE occurring at an unusual site, the right palm, in a 62-year-old man, who had suffered from a solitary pinkish-colored, central depressed round hyperkeratotic plaque on his palm for 4 years. On the basis of clinical and histopathologic data, a diagnosis of ALHE was made. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ALHE on the palm in Korean dermatologic literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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