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Damigou E, Detopoulou P, Antonopoulou S, Chrysohoou C, Barkas F, Vlachopoulou E, Vafia C, Tsioufis C, Liberopoulos E, Sfikakis PP, Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos D. Food Compass Score predicts incident cardiovascular disease: The ATTICA cohort study (2002-2022). J Hum Nutr Diet 2024; 37:203-216. [PMID: 37908110 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Food Compass Score (FCS) is a novel nutrient profiling system, which evaluates food and diet quality. The present study aimed to prospectively assess the relationship of FCS with short-term (10 years) and long-term (20 years) cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and to explore whether this relationship is modified by long-term adherence to a Mediterranean type diet (MTD). METHODS Volunteers of the ATTICA cohort study, with complete data for the calculation of FCS and incident CVD were included (n = 759). Development of CVD was determined at 10 and 20 years after baseline. Dietary intake was assessed through a validated food frequency questionnaire. The FCS was calculated for each participant based on the published algorithm. Long-term adherence to a MTD was evaluated through MedDietScore. RESULTS FCS was inversely associated with CVD incidence (hazard ratio [HR] for 20-year follow-up = 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.95-0.99; HR for 10-year follow-up = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.96-1.01) in the total sample, as well as in those with a high baseline adherence to a MTD (HR for 20-year follow-up = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93-0.99; HR for 10-year follow-up = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.95-1.02). FCS was also inversely associated with CVD risk in those who went away from the MTD (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96-0.99). CONCLUSIONS FCS, a novel tool for assessing overall diet quality, was also found to be useful in identifying potential CVD candidates in a long-term period, even in populations with good background dietary habits, such as those following a MTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Fotios Barkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elpiniki Vlachopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Vafia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros P Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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