A review of recombinant HER3 affibodies with an effective diagnostic view of cancer cells

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women globally. Factors like increased expression of HER family members contribute to its development, with elevated HER3 levels-especially in conjunction with tyrosine kinase receptors like HER2-playing a critical role in activating cancer pathways essential for cell survival and proliferation. Detecting high HER3 levels is vital for effective treatment. Affibody proteins, a class that includes antibodies, are used to identify elevated HER3 expression due to their high binding affinity. These innovative non-immune probes show promise in therapy, diagnostics, and biotechnology because of their exceptional specificity and affinity for target proteins. The design of recombinant affibodies enhances HER3 detection accuracy and supports the development of targeted therapies. Advanced engineering techniques optimize these affibodies for stability and binding efficacy, making them suitable for clinical applications. Additionally, their versatility allows integration with imaging technologies for real-time monitoring of HER3 expression and therapeutic responses. This comprehensive approach could lead to more personalized treatment options for patients with HER3-positive breast cancers, improving patient management and outcomes. This study presents recombinant affibodies designed to bind HER3 for cancer cell identification and introduces novel methods for producing various affibody molecules.