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Kamau E, Chaudhury S, Bolton JS, Slike BM, Jian N, Eller MA, Eller LA, Ake J, Robb ML, Krebs SJ, Bergmann-Leitner ES. Susceptibility to HIV-1 Acquisition linked to Malaria Exposure: A Case-control Study. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:1834-1837. [PMID: 35594548 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV and malaria infection rates overlap across sub-Saharan Africa, but factors influencing their co-occurrence are unclear. In a case-control study, we investigated whether malaria exposure increases risk of HIV-1 acquisition. Prior to seroconverting, HIV-positive cases had significantly higher malaria-associated antibodies compared to HIV-negative controls, linking malaria exposure to HIV-1 acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Kamau
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sidhartha Chaudhury
- Center for Enabling Capabilities, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Jessica S Bolton
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Biologics Research and Development, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Eller
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Leigh Anne Eller
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Julie Ake
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Elke S Bergmann-Leitner
- Biologics Research and Development, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Kashem MA, Li H, Liu LR, Liang B, Omange RW, Plummer FA, Luo M. The Potential Role of FREM1 and Its Isoform TILRR in HIV-1 Acquisition through Mediating Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7825. [PMID: 34360591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
FREM1 (Fras-related extracellular matrix 1) and its splice variant TILRR (Toll-like interleukin-1 receptor regulator) have been identified as integral components of innate immune systems. The potential involvement of FREM1 in HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus 1) acquisition was suggested by a genome-wide SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) analysis of HIV-1 resistant and susceptible sex workers enrolled in the Pumwani sex worker cohort (PSWC) in Nairobi, Kenya. The studies showed that the minor allele of a FREM1 SNP rs1552896 is highly enriched in the HIV-1 resistant female sex workers. Subsequent studies showed that FREM1 mRNA is highly expressed in tissues relevant to mucosal HIV-1 infection, including cervical epithelial tissues, and TILRR is a major modulator of many genes in the NF-κB signal transduction pathway. In this article, we review the role of FREM1 and TILRR in modulating inflammatory responses and inflammation, and how their influence on inflammatory responses of cervicovaginal tissue could enhance the risk of vaginal HIV-1 acquisition.
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Wahome E, Thiong’o AN, Mwashigadi G, Chirro O, Mohamed K, Gichuru E, Mwambi J, Price MA, Graham SM, Sanders EJ. An Empiric Risk Score to Guide PrEP Targeting Among MSM in Coastal Kenya. AIDS Behav 2018; 22:35-44. [PMID: 29767324 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM), who have heterogeneous HIV-acquisition risks are not specifically targeted in Kenyan pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) guidelines. We used data from an open cohort, which followed 753 initially HIV-negative MSM participants for more than 1378.5 person-years, to develop an empiric risk score for targeting PrEP delivery. Independent predictors of incident HIV-1 infection in this cohort were an age of 18-24 years, having only male sex partners, having receptive anal intercourse, having any unprotected sex, and having group sex. Poisson model coefficients were used to assign a numeric score to each statistically significant predictor. A risk score of ≥ 1 corresponded to an HIV-1 incidence of ≥ 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-4.1] and identified 81.3% of the cohort participants as being at high risk for HIV-1 acquisition. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.76 (95% CI 0.71-0.80). This empiric risk score may help Kenyan health care providers to assess HIV-1 acquisition risk and encourage PrEP uptake by high-risk MSM.
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Wahome E, Ngetsa C, Mwambi J, Gelderblom HC, Manyonyi GO, Micheni M, Hassan A, Price MA, Graham SM, Sanders EJ. Hepatitis B Virus Incidence and Risk Factors Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Negative Men Who Have Sex With Men in Kenya. Open Forum Infect Dis 2016; 4:ofw253. [PMID: 28695141 PMCID: PMC5499746 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofw253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
No data exist on hepatitis B virus (HBV) incidence among African men who have sex with men (MSM). We tested plasma samples archived between 2005 and 2014 for HBV core antibody or surface antigen seroconversion in a cohort of 312 initially human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-negative MSM with no evidence of prior HBV infection. Hepatitis B virus incidence was 6.0/100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.9–9.1). Hepatitis B virus acquisition was associated with being uncircumcised (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 5.0; 95% CI, 1.5–16.8), recent HIV-1 acquisition (aIRR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.1–7.7), rape (aIRR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.2–20.4), and any tertiary education (aIRR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.1–9.7). African MSM have a substantial risk of HBV acquisition and require vaccination urgently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Wahome
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Caroline Ngetsa
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - John Mwambi
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | | | - Gloria Omosa Manyonyi
- KAVI Institute of Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Kenya.,College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Murugi Micheni
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Amin Hassan
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Matt A Price
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, New York.,University of California at San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - Susan M Graham
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.,University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Eduard J Sanders
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, United Kingdom
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Kahle EM, Bolton M, Hughes JP, Donnell D, Celum C, Lingappa JR, Ronald A, Cohen CR, de Bruyn G, Fong Y, Katabira E, McElrath MJ, Baeten JM. Plasma cytokine levels and risk of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) transmission and acquisition: a nested case-control study among HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. J Infect Dis 2014; 211:1451-60. [PMID: 25389306 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A heightened proinflammatory state has been hypothesized to enhance human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission - both susceptibility of HIV-1-exposed persons and infectiousness of HIV-1-infected persons. METHODS Using prospective data from heterosexual African couples with HIV-1 serodiscordance, we conducted a nested case-control analysis to assess the relationship between cytokine concentrations and the risk of HIV-1 acquisition. Case couples (n = 120) were initially serodiscordant couples in which HIV-1 was transmitted to the seronegative partner during the study; control couples (n = 321) were serodiscordant couples in which HIV-1 was not transmitted to the seronegative partner. Differences in a panel of 30 cytokines were measured using plasma specimens from both HIV-1-susceptible and HIV-1-infected partners. Plasma was collected before seroconversion for cases. RESULTS For both HIV-1-infected and HIV-1-susceptible partners, cases and controls had significantly different mean responses in cytokine panels (P < .001, by the Hotelling T(2) test), suggesting a broadly different pattern of immune activation for couples in which HIV-1 was transmitted, compared with couples without transmission. Individually, log10 mean concentrations of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and CXCL10 were significantly higher for both HIV-1-susceptible and HIV-1-infected case partners, compared with HIV-1-susceptible and HIV-1-infected control partners (P < .01 for all comparisons). In multivariate analysis, HIV-1 transmission was significantly associated with elevated CXCL10 concentrations in HIV-1-susceptible partners (P = .001) and with elevated IL-10 concentrations in HIV-1-infected partners (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Immune activation, as measured by levels of cytokine markers, particularly elevated levels of IL-10 and CXCL1, are associated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility and infectiousness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Bolton
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle
| | | | - Deborah Donnell
- Department of Epidemiology Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle
| | - Connie Celum
- Department of Epidemiology Department of Global Health Department of Medicine
| | - Jairam R Lingappa
- Department of Global Health Department of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington
| | - Allan Ronald
- Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnepeg, Canada
| | - Craig R Cohen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Guy de Bruyn
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Youyi Fong
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle
| | - Elly Katabira
- Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - M Juliana McElrath
- Department of Global Health Department of Medicine Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle
| | - Jared M Baeten
- Department of Epidemiology Department of Global Health Department of Medicine
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Mackelprang RD, Bigham AW, Celum C, de Bruyn G, Beima-Sofie K, John-Stewart G, Ronald A, Mugo NR, Buckingham KJ, Bamshad MJ, Mullins JI, McElrath MJ, Lingappa JR. Toll-like receptor polymorphism associations with HIV-1 outcomes among sub-Saharan Africans. J Infect Dis 2013; 209:1623-7. [PMID: 24325963 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jit807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated Toll-like receptors (TLRs) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for associations with HIV-1 acquisition, set-point and disease progression in African couples. METHODS Seven candidate and 116 haplotype-tagging SNPs (tagSNPs) were genotyped in 504 HIV-1 infected cases, and 343 seronegative controls. RESULTS TLR9 1635A/G was associated with reduced HIV-1 acquisition among HIV-seronegative controls with high but not low HIV-1 exposure (odds ratio [OR] = 0.7; P = .03 and OR = 0.9, P = .5, respectively). TLR7 rs179012 and TLR2 597C/T reduced set-point; the latter modified by time since HIV-1 acquisition. TLR8 1A/G reduced disease progression. CONCLUSIONS TLR SNPs impact HIV-1 outcomes with epidemiologic factors modifying these relationships.
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