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Suzuki K, Tsuruoka C, Morioka T, Seo H, Ogawa M, Kambe R, Imaoka T, Kakinuma S, Takahashi A. Combined effects of radiation and simulated microgravity on intestinal tumorigenesis in C3B6F1 Apc Min/+ mice. Life Sci Space Res (Amst) 2024; 41:202-209. [PMID: 38670648 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Explorations of the Moon and Mars are planned as future manned space missions, during which humans will be exposed to both radiation and microgravity. We do not, however, know the health effects for such combined exposures. In a ground-based experiment, we evaluated the combined effects of radiation and simulated microgravity on tumorigenesis by performing X-irradiation and tail suspension in C3B6F1 ApcMin/+ mice, a well-established model for intestinal tumorigenesis. Mice were irradiated at 2 weeks of age and underwent tail suspension for 3 or 11 weeks using a special device that avoids damage to the tail. The tail suspension treatment significantly reduced the thymus weight after 3 weeks but not 11 weeks, suggesting a transient stress response. The combination of irradiation and tail suspension significantly increased the number of small intestinal tumors less than 2 mm in diameter as compared with either treatment alone. The combined treatment also increased the fraction of malignant tumors among all small intestinal tumors as compared with the radiation-only treatment. Thus, the C3B6F1 ApcMin/+ mouse is a useful model for assessing cancer risk in a simulated space environment, in which simulated microgravity accelerates tumor progression when combined with radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Chizuru Tsuruoka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Morioka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Hitomi Seo
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Mari Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kambe
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Imaoka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Shizuko Kakinuma
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan.
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Vicenteño-León AI, Durán-Reyes ZJ, Domínguez-Muñoz A, Fernández-Portilla EJ, Valencia-Mayoral P. Ganglioneuromatosis intestinal difusa a lo largo del tubo digestivo. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 2022; 79:388-395. [PMID: 36477420 DOI: 10.24875/bmhim.21000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ganglioneuromas are histologically benign neoplasms derived from the sympathetic nervous system, whose occurrence in the gastrointestinal tract is rare and often syndromic. According to the injury pattern and extension, lesions are divided into polypoid ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuromatous polyposis, and diffuse ganglioneuromatosis. This work aimed to present the incidental post mortem finding of diffuse ganglioneuromatosis of the gastrointestinal tract in a patient without syndromic involvement. CASE REPORT We describe the case of a two-year-old female patient with surgically corrected type III tracheoesophageal atresia and fistulous recanalization, multiple episodes of aspiration pneumonia, and septic shock. During the last admission, she developed massive pulmonary hemorrhage and multi-organ failure. Post mortem histopathological study identified hypertrophy of the pylorus and enlarged enteric nerve trunks and plexuses with intermingled mature ganglion cells. We identified ganglioneuromatosis affecting all gastrointestinal tract segments with the predominance of the myenteric plexuses. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal ganglioneuromatosis is a rare disease with a spectrum of lesions ranging from isolated to syndromic with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is necessary to know the condition, investigate systematically when it is suspected, and rely on genetic studies to confirm or rule out any syndromic association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alfredo Domínguez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Cirugía General. Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Pedro Valencia-Mayoral
- Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental.,Departamento de Cirugía General. Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
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Ren J, Guo B, Sui H, Chen J, Zhang L, Lv C, Li B. The effects of aerobic exercise on the intestinal tumors and flora of the Apc Min/+ mouse. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 24:305-318. [PMID: 34436759 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02689-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal tumor is one of the most common tumors that seriously threaten the health of residents all over the world. Studies suggest that the imbalance of intestinal flora is associated with tumorgenesis; meanwhile, long-term regular aerobic exercise can improve the occurrence and development of tumors. However, moderate aerobic exercise affecting the development of intestinal tumors and their related flora has not been explored. Thus, the purpose of our study is to explore the effects of aerobic exercise on intestinal tumor growth and flora changes in ApcMin/+ mice, and try to answer whether there is a correlation between them after exercise intervention. METHODS In this study, 18 required ApcMin/+ mice were randomly divided into Model group (n = 6), Exercise group (n = 6), and Aspirin group (positive control, n = 6), while C57BL/6 J wild-type mice were used as the blank control group. Each group is given corresponding intervention. Weight monitoring, tumor counts, hematoxylin-eosin staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) fluorescence assay, immunohistochemistry (IHC), fecal sampling and grouping, and bacterial 16S rDNA gene analysis were completed after 12 weeks' intervention for each group of mice. RESULTS As a result, we were able to show significant improvements in mice' body weight changing rates (Exercise group 8.6% higher than Model control group), tumor numbers (Exercise group 4.33 ± 0.94 vs. Model control group 7.33 ± 2.49, Then put the slides into xylenewith tumor inhibition rate 40.93%), tumor pathological staging (Exercise group mainly low-grade tumorous adenomas vs. Model group mainly high-grade adenomas), and TUNEL staining (Exercise group 8.59% higher positive rate of apoptotic cells in tumors than Model group). The 16s rRNA sequencing analysis results showed that aerobic exercise could regulate the abundance of some genus (16/149, P < 0.01), and the number of intestinal tumors correlates with changes in the abundance of some bacteria in the intestinal flora (positive correlation with probiotics abundance and negative correlation with conditioned pathogens). DISCUSSION Changes in flora abundance may be one of the reasons for aerobic exercise to reduce the number of intestinal tumors, probably mediated by cell apoptosis. Future studies should focus on the potential mechanism of aerobic exercise in preventing intestinal tumorgenesis, especially the molecular mechanism through intestinal flora. CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise has a preventive effect on intestinal tumors in ApcMin/+ mice, and can regulate the abundance of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ren
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - B Guo
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - H Sui
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Medical Experiment Center, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201803, China
| | - J Chen
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Henan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - C Lv
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - B Li
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Zhou S, Chen W, Lin M, Chen G, Chen C, Huo C, Du X. Correlation of 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax with clinical features, D-dimer and LDH in patients with primary intestinal lymphoma. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211029809. [PMID: 34250823 PMCID: PMC8278467 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211029809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the characteristics of fluorine-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in primary intestinal lymphoma (PIL) and its correlation with D-dimer and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Methods Fifty-two patients diagnosed with PIL from June 2016 to December 2019 were analyzed. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT. The relationships between SUVmax and different pathological subtypes, clinical stages and risk grades were analyzed. The correlations between SUVmax and Ki-67, LDH and D-dimer were determined. Additionally, PET/CT imaging results were collected from 35 patients with primary intestinal cancer (PIC) and compared with the imaging features of PIL. Results SUVmax was significantly different between PIL and PIC groups and various PIL pathological subgroups. Patients in the high-risk PIL group had markedly higher SUVmax values than the intermediate-risk and low-risk groups. A significant positive correlation was observed between SUVmax and Ki-67 in patients with PIL. SUVmax was significantly different between the elevated and normal D-dimer groups. D-dimer showed a positive correlation with SUVmax. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax reflects the aggressiveness of lymphoma to a certain degree, is correlated with Ki-67 and determines the risk grades of PIL. Moreover, it facilitates differential diagnosis, clinical staging and treatment based on D-dimer levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wenxin Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Meifu Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Guobao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Cailong Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chong Huo
- Tianjin HengJia Neo-Antigen Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueming Du
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Curbelo-Peña Y, Saavedra-Perez D, Stickar T, Molinas-Bruguera J, De Cozar-Duch J, Quer-Vall X, Vallverdú-Cartie H. Intussuscepted Metachronous small bowel tumor after treatment for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Int J Surg Case Rep 2019; 60:94-7. [PMID: 31212095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Small Bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare malignant neoplasm without specific signs or symptoms. It's been associated with late stage disease presentations. Midterm outcomes have suggested that after successful removal of colorectal carcinoma, there is higher risk for developing a further primary (metachronous) colorectal tumor. However when it comes to small bowel, metachronous carcinomas are unusual. CASE PRESENTATION A 46-year-old female who underwent an emergency Hartmann's procedure two years previously and treatment of adjuvant chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon at stage IIB with loco-regional recurrence. The patient presented with bowel obstruction secondary to a small bowel intussusception, confirmed by computed tomography. An emergent exploratory laparotomy was performed and confirmed of an ileal tumor as the cause of small bowel intussusception and clinical bowel obstruction. Histopathology confirmed a primary small bowel mucinous adenocarcinoma with node metastasis (T3N1M0, stage IIIB). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Patients who develop a small or large bowel adenocarcinoma have high risk of presenting a second tumor at both sites. Since data available to guide therapeutic decisions for patients presenting with small bowel metachronic tumors are scarce, the role of adjuvant therapy in patients who undergo curative resection remains unclear. The aim of this manuscript is present a case report of a patient admitted for a rare obstructive small bowel intussusception therefore underwent surgery for metachronic small bowel carcinoma from colorectal primary witch previously treated by surgery and adjuvant chemiotherapy. Studies about strategies for detection at an earlier stage, optimal treatment and prognosis are mandatory for this disease.
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Yu S, Yin Y, Wang Q, Wang L. Dual gene deficient models of Apc Min/+ mouse in assessing molecular mechanisms of intestinal carcinogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:600-609. [PMID: 30243094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ApcMin/+ mouse, carrying an inactivated allele of the adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) gene, is a widely used animal model of human colorectal tumorigenesis. While crossed with other gene knockout or knock-in mice, these mice possess advantages in investigation of human intestinal tumorigenesis. Intestinal tumor pathogenesis involves multiple gene alterations; thus, various double gene deficiency models could provide novel insights into molecular mechanisms of tumor biology, as well as gene-gene interactions involved in intestinal tumor development and assessment of novel strategies for preventing and treating intestinal cancer. This review discusses approximately 100 double gene deficient mice and their associated intestinal tumor development and progression phenotypes. The dual gene knockouts based on the Apc mutation background consist of inflammation and immune-related, cell cycle-related, Wnt/β-catenin signaling-related, tumor growth factor (TGF)-signaling-related, drug metabolism-related, and transcription factor genes, as well as some oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Future studies should focus on conditional or inducible dual or multiple mouse gene knockout models to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying intestinal tumor development, as well as potential drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanhui Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Enya S, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Kawaoka S. A novel zebrafish intestinal tumor model reveals a role for cyp7a1-dependent tumor-liver crosstalk in causing adverse effects on the host. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.032383. [PMID: 29592890 PMCID: PMC6124559 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.032383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of host organs and genes that underlie tumor-induced physiological disruption on the host remains ill-defined. Here, we establish a novel zebrafish intestinal tumor model that is suitable for addressing this issue, and find that hepatic cyp7a1, the rate-limiting factor for synthesizing bile acids [or, in the case of zebrafish, bile alcohol (BA)], is such a host gene. Inducing krasG12D by Gal4 specifically expressed in the posterior intestine resulted in the formation of an intestinal tumor. The local intestinal tumor caused systemic detrimental effects on the host, including liver inflammation, hepatomegaly, growth defects and organismal death. Whole-organism-level gene expression analysis and metabolite measurements revealed that the intestinal tumor reduced total BA levels, possibly via altered expression of hepatic cyp7a1 Genetically overexpressing cyp7a1 in the liver restored BA synthesis and ameliorated tumor-induced liver inflammation, but not other tumor-dependent phenotypes. Thus, we found a previously unknown role of cyp7a1 as the host gene that links the intestinal tumor, hepatic cholesterol-BA metabolism and liver inflammation in tumor-bearing zebrafish larvae. Our model provides an important basis to discover host genes responsible for tumor-induced phenotypes and to uncover mechanisms underlying how tumors adversely affect host organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora Enya
- Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.,ERATO Sato Live Bio-forecasting Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, and Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Science, Kashiwa 277-8651, Japan
| | - Shinpei Kawaoka
- Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan .,ERATO Sato Live Bio-forecasting Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
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Suman S, Kumar S, Moon BH, Fornace AJ, Kallakury BVS, Datta K. Increased Transgenerational Intestinal Tumorigenesis in Offspring of Ionizing Radiation Exposed Parent APC 1638N/+ Mice. J Cancer 2017; 8:1769-1773. [PMID: 28819373 PMCID: PMC5556639 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess transgenerational intestinal tumorigenic effects of low dose ionizing radiation employing a well-characterized mouse model of human colorectal cancer. Mice (6 to 8 weeks old APC1638N/+ mice; n=20 per study group) were exposed to whole-body 25 cGy x-rays and mated 2 days post-irradiation. Intestinal tumorigenesis in male and female F1 mice from No Parents Irradiated (NPI), Both Parents Irradiated (BPI), and Male Parent Irradiated (MPI) groups were compared 210 days after birth. Male and female Direct Parent Irradiated (DPI) groups were additional controls for male and female F1 groups respectively. Data showed higher intestinal tumor frequency (± standard error of the mean) in male and female F1 from BPI (male: 7.81 ± 0.91; female: 5.45 ± 0.36) as well as from MPI (male: 6.30 ± 0.33; female: 4.45 ± 0.33) mice relative to F1 from NPI mice (male: 4.2 ± 0.48; female: 3.35 ± 0.37). Compared to male and female DPI (male: 5.55 ± 0.40; female: 3.60 ± 0.22), tumor frequency in F1 mice of BPI and MPI, though higher, was not statistically significant except for DPI vs. BPI in male mice. Additionally, both BPI and MPI showed increased frequency of larger tumors relative to NPI. In summary, our observations demonstrated that the APC1638N/+ mice due to its low spontaneous tumor frequency could serve as an effective model to study risk of transgenerational carcinogenesis in gastrointestinal tissues after exposure to clinically relevant low doses of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Suman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
| | - Bo-Hyun Moon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
| | - Albert J Fornace
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
| | | | - Kamal Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC USA
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Nakaoka T, Saito Y, Shimamoto Y, Muramatsu T, Kimura M, Kanai Y, Saito H. Cluster microRNAs miR-194 and miR-215 suppress the tumorigenicity of intestinal tumor organoids. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:678-684. [PMID: 28092415 PMCID: PMC5406536 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor stem cells with self‐renewal and multipotent capacity play critical roles in the initiation and progression of cancer. Recently, a new 3‐D culture system known as organoid culture has been developed, allowing Lgr5‐positive stem cells to form organoids that resemble the properties of original tissues. Here we established organoids derived from intestinal tumors of Apcmin/+ mice and normal intestinal epithelia of C57BL/6J mice and investigated the roles of microRNA (miRNA) in intestinal tumor organoids. The results of microarray analyses revealed that expression of the cluster miRNAs, miR‐194 and miR‐215 was markedly suppressed in intestinal tumor organoids in comparison with organoids derived from normal intestinal epithelia. Enforced expression of miR‐194 resulted in inhibition of E2f3, a positive regulator of the cell cycle and growth suppression of intestinal tumor organoids. In addition, enforced expression of miR‐215 suppressed the cancer stem cell signature through downregulation of intestinal stem cell markers including Lgr5. These findings indicate that the miRNA cluster including miR‐194 and miR‐215 plays important roles in suppressing the growth and attenuating the stemness of intestinal tumor organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Nakaoka
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Saito
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Shimamoto
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihide Muramatsu
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Kimura
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yae Kanai
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Saito
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakata T, Shimizu H, Nagata S, Ito G, Fujii S, Suzuki K, Kawamoto A, Ishibashi F, Kuno R, Anzai S, Murano T, Mizutani T, Oshima S, Tsuchiya K, Nakamura T, Hozumi K, Watanabe M, Okamoto R. Indispensable role of Notch ligand-dependent signaling in the proliferation and stem cell niche maintenance of APC-deficient intestinal tumors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017;482:1296-1303. [PMID: 27939883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-dependent activation of Notch signaling is required to maintain the stem-cell niche of normal intestinal epithelium. However, the precise role of Notch signaling in the maintenance of the intestinal tumor stem cell niche and the importance of the RBPJ-independent non-canonical pathway in intestinal tumors remains unknown. Here we show that Notch signaling was activated in LGR5+ve cells of APC-deficient mice intestinal tumors. Accordingly, Notch ligands, including Jag1, Dll1, and Dll4, were expressed in these tumors. In vitro studies using tumor-derived organoids confirmed the intrinsic Notch activity-dependent growth of tumor cells. Surprisingly, the targeted deletion of Jag1 but not RBPJ in LGR5+ve tumor-initiating cells resulted in the silencing of Hes1 expression, disruption of the tumor stem cell niche, and dramatic reduction in the proliferation activity of APC-deficient intestinal tumors in vivo. Thus, our results highlight the importance of ligand-dependent non-canonical Notch signaling in the proliferation and maintenance of the tumor stem cell niche in APC-deficient intestinal adenomas.
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Datta K, Suman S, Kumar S, Fornace AJ. Colorectal Carcinogenesis, Radiation Quality, and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway. J Cancer 2016; 7:174-83. [PMID: 26819641 PMCID: PMC4716850 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult colorectal epithelium undergoes continuous renewal and maintains homeostatic balance through regulated cellular proliferation, differentiation, and migration. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway involving the transcriptional co-activator β-catenin is important for colorectal development and normal epithelial maintenance, and deregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. Colorectal carcinogenesis has been linked to radiation exposure, and radiation has been demonstrated to alter Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as well as the proteasomal pathway involved in the degradation of the signaling components and thus regulation of β-catenin. The current review discusses recent progresses in our understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis in relation to different types of radiation and roles that radiation quality plays in deregulating β-catenin and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) for colorectal cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Datta
- 1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Shubhankar Suman
- 1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- 1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Albert J Fornace
- 1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC USA.; 2. Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Du YQ, Zhang SY. Use of Jiangqi Hewei Tongfu method to improve gastrointestinal function and immune function in patients with intestinal tumors after surgery. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:687-692. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i7.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine in improving the gastrointestinal function and immune function in patients with intestinal tumors after surgery.
METHODS: One hundred and five patients were randomly and equally divided into three groups: control group, Chinese medicine group, and acupuncture group. The control group received only conventional therapy, while the Chinese medicine group underwent conventional therapy and treatment with Simotang Oral Liquid (three times daily for 10 d), and the acupuncture group underwent conventional therapy and acupuncture (once a day for 10 d).
RESULTS: On day 10 after treatment, the recovery of gastrointestinal function was significantly different among the three groups (F = 18.98, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group and traditional Chinese medicine group, the acupuncture group showed more rapid recovery of gastrointestinal function (both P < 0.05). Compared with the control group and traditional Chinese medicine group, the counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils were significantly improved in the acupuncture group (all P < 0.05). The percentages of CD3, CD4, CD4/CD8 and NK cells differed significantly among the three groups (CD3: 69.44% ± 6.37% vs 57.62% ± 8.08%, 56.57% ± 8.90%, F = 31.25; CD4: 35.63% ± 6.26% vs 30.28% ± 6.66%, 30.89% ± 6.25%, F = 7.42; CD4/CD8: 1.27% ± 0.44% vs 1.01% ± 0.45%, 1.03% ± 0.64%, F = 5.64; NK: 13.29% ± 3.45% vs 11.88% ± 3.89%, 10.64% ± 2.64%, χ2 = 10.39, all P < 0.05). The score of digestive system symptoms and ZPS were also significantly different among the three groups (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Jiangqi Hewei Tongfu method can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function and immune function, bidirectionally modulate the numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils, and thereby improve the score of digestive system symptoms and ZPS in patients with intestinal tumor after surgery.
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