[Relationship between psychosocial risks exposure and health: a cohort study using the COPSOQ-Istas21]

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the prospective relationships between exposure to psychosocial risks dimensions included in the COPSOQ-Istas21 and the deterioration of general and mental health and sleep problems among workers residing in Spain.

METHOD

Cohort whose baseline corresponds to the 2016 Psychosocial Risks Survey with a new measurement after one year.

RESULTS

Social capital and interpersonal relations and leadership dimensions, as well as work̶life conflict, were related to all health variables. Dimensions of work organization and job contents did it especially with the mental health, the quantitative demands with the general health and the emotional ones with the mental health. The dimensions related to job insecurity did not show relationships with health.

CONCLUSIONS

The results obtained reinforce the role of the COPSOQ-Istas21 as a useful instrument for the evaluation and prevention of psychosocial risks at work.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the STRATIFY tool in detecting and predicting risk of falling

AIMS

To adapt to Spanish language the STRATIFY tool for clinical use in the Spanish-speaking World.

METHOD

A multicenter, 2 care settings cross-sectional study cultural adaptation study in acute care hospitals and nursing homes was performed in Andalusia during 2014. The adaptation process was divided into 4 stages: translation, back-translation, equivalence between the 2 back-translations and piloting of the Spanish version, thus obtaining the final version. The validity of appearance, content validity and the time required to complete the scale were taken into account. For analysis, the median, central tendency and dispersion of scores, the interquartile range, and the interquartile deviation for the possible variability in responses it was calculated.

RESULTS

Content validity measured by content validity index reached a profit of 1. For the validity aspect the clarity and comprehensibility of the questions were taken into account. Of the 5 questions of the instrument, 2 had a small disagreement solved with the introduction of an explanatory phrase to achieve conceptual equivalence. Median both questions were equal or superior to 5. The average time for completion of the scale was less than 3 minutes.

CONCLUSION

The process of adaptation to Spanish of STRATIFY has led to a semantic version and culturally equivalent to the original for easy filling and understanding for use in the Spanish-speaking world.

[Randomized clinical trial of a fall-prevention strategy for institutionalized elderly based on the Mini Falls Assessment Instrument]

INTRODUCTION

The Mini Falls Assessment Instrument (MFAI) identifies risk factors for falls in an individual and links them to specific interventions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of MFAI as the basis for a falls prevention strategy in institutionalized elderly.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A cluster randomized clinical trial (identifier NCT00888953) was conducted in 16 nursing homes randomized to apply MFAI (intervention) or a modified version not linked to actions (control). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of falls during follow-up (12 months). Secondary variables were total number of falls, physical function, quality of life, functional status, and adverse effects.

RESULTS

Data from 330 participants (197 intervention, 137 control) were analyzed. Both groups had a similar number of risk factors: 7 in the intervention group (range 1-12) and 8 (1-13) in the control group. In the intervention group there were more fallers (49% vs. 38%), and higher number of falls (315 vs. 109), and fall rate per 100 person-years (192.5 vs. 179.8) than the control group. In the multivariate analysis, there were no significant differences in fall risk (odds ratio=1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: .67 to 3.14; P=.350), but the incidence rate is significantly higher in the intervention group (Incidence rate ratio=2.23; 95% CI: 1.43 to 3.48; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The results on the efficacy of the MFAI as a fall prevention strategy are inconclusive. Additional studies are needed in order to provide good quality evidence.