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Papazoglou AS, Karagiannidis E, Liatsos A, Bompoti A, Moysidis DV, Arvanitidis C, Tsolaki F, Tsagkaropoulos S, Theocharis S, Tagarakis G, Michaelson JS, Herrmann MD. Volumetric Tissue Imaging of Surgical Tissue Specimens Using Micro-Computed Tomography: An Emerging Digital Pathology Modality for Nondestructive, Slide-Free Microscopy-Clinical Applications of Digital Pathology in 3 Dimensions. Am J Clin Pathol 2023; 159:242-254. [PMID: 36478204 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a novel, nondestructive, slide-free digital imaging modality that enables the acquisition of high-resolution, volumetric images of intact surgical tissue specimens. The aim of this systematic mapping review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the available literature on clinical applications of micro-CT tissue imaging and to assess its relevance and readiness for pathology practice. METHODS A computerized literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases. To gain insight into regulatory and financial considerations for performing and examining micro-CT imaging procedures in a clinical setting, additional searches were performed in medical device databases. RESULTS Our search identified 141 scientific articles published between 2000 and 2021 that described clinical applications of micro-CT tissue imaging. The number of relevant publications is progressively increasing, with the specialties of pulmonology, cardiology, otolaryngology, and oncology being most commonly concerned. The included studies were mostly performed in pathology departments. Current micro-CT devices have already been cleared for clinical use, and a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code exists for reimbursement of micro-CT imaging procedures. CONCLUSIONS Micro-CT tissue imaging enables accurate volumetric measurements and evaluations of entire surgical specimens at microscopic resolution across a wide range of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Efstratios Karagiannidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Liatsos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreana Bompoti
- Diagnostic Imaging, Peterborough City Hospital, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough, UK
| | - Dimitrios V Moysidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Arvanitidis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,LifeWatch ERIC, Sector II-II, Seville, Spain
| | - Fani Tsolaki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapoditrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tagarakis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - James S Michaelson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus D Herrmann
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Brooks DM, Klunk JW, Tortolani PJ, Cunningham BW. Dimensional Changes of the Neuroforamen After Anterior Decompression of the Cervical Spine: An In Vitro Micro-Computed Tomography Investigation. World Neurosurg 2022; 165:e423-31. [PMID: 35738534 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this preliminary cadaveric study was to quantify the dimensional changes of the neuroforamen and area available for the cord (AAC) after implantation of various interbody devices with and without posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) removal. METHODS Eight cervical spines (C3-T1) underwent micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning of the intact spine, followed by discectomy and reconstruction at 3 contiguous levels (C4-C7). Under conditions of intact and resected PLL, the following interbody device configurations were evaluated: 1) parallel, 2) lordotic, and 3) optimal lordotic. Neuroforaminal measurements were calculated from an oblique angle and the AAC was calculated by quantifying the empty space compared with the total space available for the cord. Posterior disc height and operative range lordosis were measured and compared between groups. RESULTS Neuroforaminal height and area significantly increased for all reconstruction groups compared with intact. The increase in neuroforaminal height and area was greatest after PLL resection and placement of parallel (27.1% and 43.6%, respectively) and optimal lordotic (30.5% and 41.5%, respectively) implants. The AAC increased as a function of implant placement compared with intact and increased further after resection of the PLL (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in operative range lordosis between parallel and lordotic implants. CONCLUSIONS Similar to the lumbar spine, segmental distraction via placement of an interbody device produces indirect decompression of the cervical neuroforamen. Results indicate that a 34% increase in neuroforaminal area and a 51% increase in AAC are achievable with appropriately sized interbody devices and adequate distraction at the posterior aspect of the vertebral body.
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Liu H, Lai WWM, Hieawy A, Gao Y, von Bergmann H, Haapasalo M, Tay FR, Shen Y. Micro-computed Tomographic Evaluation of the Quality of Root Canal Fillings in Mandibular Molars after Obturation for 54 Months. J Endod 2021; 47:1783-1789. [PMID: 34492231 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study evaluated the percentage volume of voids in root canals of mandibular molars that had been obturated for 54 months. METHODS Thirty extracted human mandibular molars were instrumented and debrided. The teeth were assigned to 3 groups (n = 10) according to the filling technique and sealer used: the single-cone technique using AH Plus sealer (AHS; Dentsply Sirona Endodontics, Tulsa, OK) or EndoSequence BC sealer (BCS; Brasseler USA Dental LLC, Savannah, GA) and the warm vertical compaction technique using AH Plus sealer (AHW). The specimens were stored at 37°C and 100% humidity. Micro-computed tomographic imaging was used to scan each specimen 1 day 54 months after obturation. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and the paired t test. RESULTS The percentage volume of voids in the teeth 1 day after obturation in the AHS group was higher than in the BCS group and the AHW group (P < .05). After 54 months, the proportion of voids decreased in all groups (P < .05). No significant difference was observed between the AHS group and the BCS group after 54 months. Teeth in the AHW group contained fewer voids than the AHS group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Voids in root canal filling were reduced 54 months after obturation. The warm vertical compaction technique achieved better root canal filling quality in mandibular molars than the single-cone technique when using AHS after long-term storage at 100% humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China; Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wendy Wing Man Lai
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ahmed Hieawy
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - HsingChi von Bergmann
- Dental Education Research Lab, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Markus Haapasalo
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Aggarwal A, Nawal RR, Yadav S, Talwar S, Kunnoth S, Mahajan P. Comparative Evaluation of Dentinal Microcrack Formation before and after Root Canal Preparation Using Rotary, Reciprocating, and Adaptive Instruments at Different Working Lengths-A Micro-computed Tomographic Study. J Endod 2021; 47:1314-1320. [PMID: 34023360 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare root dentinal microcrack formation after root canal shaping using rotary, reciprocating, and adaptive instruments at different working lengths using micro-computed tomographic imaging. METHODS One hundred eighty extracted mature mandibular molar mesial roots with 2 separate canals were selected. The mesial roots were resected at the cementoenamel junction and randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 45) based on the nickel-titanium file system used: ProTaper Universal (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), ProTaper Gold (Dentsply Maillefer), Twisted File Adaptive (SybronEndo, Orange, CA), and Reciproc Blue (VDW, Munich, Germany). Each of the 4 groups were then subdivided into 3 groups (n = 15) depending on the working length used for root canal preparation (ie, instrumentation 1 mm short, flush, and 1 mm beyond the major apical foramen). The roots were imaged with micro-computed tomographic scanning before and after root canal preparation. The cross-sectional images generated were screened to detect the presence of new microcracks. RESULTS The ProTaper Universal system significantly increased the number of postinstrumentation microcracks at all working lengths (P ≤ .05). No significant increase (P > .05) in postinstrumentation microcracks was observed in the ProTaper Gold, Twisted File Adaptive, or Reciproc Blue groups. CONCLUSIONS Rotary instrumentation induced a higher number of dentinal microcracks compared with reciprocating and adaptive instruments. Instrumentation at different working lengths did not significantly influence the formation of dentinal microcracks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Aggarwal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruchika Roongta Nawal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Yadav
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sangeeta Talwar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sriram Kunnoth
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Mahajan
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
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Santos-Junior AO, Tanomaru-Filho M, Pinto JC, Tavares KIMC, Pivoto-João MMB, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. New Ultrasonic Tip Decreases Uninstrumented Surface and Debris in Flattened Canals: A Micro-computed Tomographic Study. J Endod 2020; 46:1712-1718. [PMID: 32682793 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The preparation of flattened root canals using reciprocating or rotary nickel-titanium instruments associated with the Flatsonic ultrasonic tip (Helse Ultrasonic, Santa Rosa de Viterbo, SP, Brazil) was evaluated by micro-computed tomographic imaging. METHODS Twenty-four flattened distal canals of mandibular molars with a buccolingual diameter 4 or more times larger than the mesiodistal diameter were selected. The root canals were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups for preparation: a Reciproc Blue (RB; VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) 40/.06 file in reciprocating motion or ProDesign Logic (PDL; Easy Equipamentos Odontológicos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil) 40/.01 and 40/.05 files in rotary motion (n = 12). A complementary preparation was performed with the Flatsonic ultrasonic tip for both preparations. Micro-computed tomographic scanning at a resolution of 8.74 μm was performed before and after preparation with the nickel-titanium instruments and after the use of the Flatsonic tip. The percentages of increase in volume, debris, and uninstrumented surface were analyzed. The data obtained were submitted to the paired and unpaired t test, analysis of variance, and the Tukey test (α = 5%). RESULTS The percentage increase in volume, debris, and uninstrumented surface was similar between RB and PDL in the entire root canal (P > .05). The PDL promoted a lower percentage of debris in the cervical third and a lower percentage of increase in volume in the apical third in comparison with RB (P < .05). The Flatsonic decreased debris and uninstrumented surface after PDL preparation in all thirds (P < .05). After preparation with RB, the Flatsonic decreases the debris in the cervical third and the uninstrumented surface in the cervical and middle thirds (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The preparation of flattened root canals using RB or PDL produced a high percentage of debris and uninstrumented surface. The Flatsonic ultrasonic tip significantly improved the cleaning of flattened root canals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jader Camilo Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fruchi LDC, Ordinola-Zapata R, Cavenago BC, Hungaro Duarte MA, Bueno CEDS, De Martin AS. Efficacy of reciprocating instruments for removing filling material in curved canals obturated with a single-cone technique: a micro-computed tomographic analysis. J Endod 2014; 40:1000-4. [PMID: 24935552 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of nickel-titanium reciprocating instrument techniques and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) for retreatment in curved canals and obturated with correspondent single cones. METHODS Twenty molars were selected with mesial-buccal canals with curvatures between 20° and 40°, and they were instrumented with a Reciproc R25 instrument (VDW, Munich, Germany) in a reciprocating motion and obturated with single cones and AH Plus sealer (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). The teeth were divided into 2 groups (n = 10) according to the instrument used for the removal of filling material: group 1: Reciproc R25 instrument and group 2: WaveOne Primary instrument (Dentsply Maillefer). The analysis of the remnant filling material was made through micro-computed tomographic imaging after the use of reciprocating instruments and again after the use of PUI with xylene. The effective time of retreatment was registered. RESULTS The filling material of the root canal was efficiently removed (P < .05) for both groups. The percentage of removal of filling materials was 93% for the Reciproc group and 92% for the WaveOne group. There were no statistical significant differences (P > .05) between the groups in relation to the removal of filling material ability and the time needed for the procedure. The effective time for the removal of filling material was 78.7 seconds and 89.5 seconds for the Reciproc and WaveOne groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that both instruments efficiently but not completely removed the filling material from inside the root canals. The use of xylene with PUI increased the removal of filling material a little, but it was not statically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincoln de Campos Fruchi
- Postgraduate Program in Endodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Department of Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cavalini Cavenago
- Department of Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Sigrist De Martin
- Postgraduate Program in Endodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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