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Wu R, Liu C, Yang C, Xu D, Yan S, Fan X, Liang J. The new morphologic classification of the hand motor cortex with magnetic resonance imaging in glioma patients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28548. [PMID: 38571649 PMCID: PMC10988032 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The hand motor cortex (HMC) is a reliable anatomical landmark for identifying the precentral gyrus. The current study aimed to investigate the morphology of HMC on axial MRI of glioma patients, propose a new morphological classification of HMC and analyze the effect of tumors on the morphology of HMC. Methods A retrospective study of 276 adult right-handed glioma patients was conducted. The morphology of HMC was assessed using T2 axial images. Subsequently, the distribution of morphological subtypes was compared between the bilateral hemispheres and the tumor-affected and healthy hemispheres. Finally, the influence of tumor pathology on the morphology of HMC was investigated. Results A new morphological classification of HMC with four subtypes (Ω, ε, Ω-ε and ε-Ω) was proposed. No significant difference was identified in the distribution of morphological subtypes between the bilateral hemispheres (p = 0.0901, Chi-square test), or between the tumor-affected and healthy hemispheres (p = 0.3507, Chi-square test), and the morphology of HMC between the bilateral hemispheres were consistent (p < 0.0001, Kappa test). In addition, a significant difference was identified in the distribution of morphological subtypes between astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors (p = 0.0135, Chi-square test). Conclusion In the current study, we proposed a new morphological classification of HMC, and found that tumor could affect the morphology of HMC in glioma patients. The results can help our clinical practice, enabling us to further understand the spatial structure of the cerebral hemispheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Wu
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222000, China
- Jinzhou Medical University, China
| | - Changtao Liu
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Congying Yang
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Dezhi Xu
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Shiwei Yan
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingshan Liang
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182, Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222000, China
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Chang YF, Li JJ, Liu T, Wei CQ, Ma LW, Nikolenko VN, Chang WL. Morphological and biochemical characteristics associated with autophagy in gastrointestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1524-1532. [PMID: 38617452 PMCID: PMC11008416 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i11.1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular catabolic process characterized by the formation of double-membrane autophagosomes. Transmission electron microscopy is the most rigorous method to clearly visualize autophagic engulfment and degradation. A large number of studies have shown that autophagy is closely related to the digestion, secretion, and regeneration of gastrointestinal (GI) cells. However, the role of autophagy in GI diseases remains controversial. This article focuses on the morphological and biochemical characteristics of autophagy in GI diseases, in order to provide new ideas for their diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jia-Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Chong-Qing Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Li-Wei Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Wei-Long Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
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Lima MG, Jussiani EI, Andrello AC, Zequi JAC, Kawabata EK. Potentialities of iodine-enhanced micro-CT imaging in the morphological study of adult Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) mosquitoes. Micron 2023; 173:103518. [PMID: 37531794 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2023.103518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
X-ray micro-computed tomography (CT) produces three-dimensional images of samples on a micrometer scale. This technique has several advantages, such as its nondestructive character and low measurement time, compared with other techniques. However, when applied to biological samples of soft tissue, the low attenuation and low effective contrast between structures pose difficulties in creating appropriate images for morphological studies. Diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced CT (DICE-CT), which uses iodine solutions to enhance contrast, is a viable alternative for addressing the aforementioned challenges. Given the variety of biological samples, an appropriate methodology must be adapted depending on the dimensions and morphological characteristics of the investigated object. A specimen that has not been morphologically studied by micro-CT and is of high sanitary importance is the adult Aedes aegypti mosquito. This study investigated the stage of iodine staining in the treatment of the A. aegypti mosquito to determine the most suitable staining time for the morphological study of this mosquito in adulthood. After determining the appropriate staining time, we discuss the potential of applying DICE-CT and methodology to mosquito studies. Seven A. aegypti females were treated using fixation steps with Bouin's solution, dehydration in a graded ethanol series, staining with iodine solution (1%), and washing in absolute ethanol. Only the staining step was different between samples. Each mosquito spent a varying amount of time (6-72 h) in the iodine solution (1%). For comparison, one of the mosquitoes was not stained. After treatment, the samples were scanned using the Bruker SkyScan 1172 micro-CT scanner. The reconstructed volumes and histograms were compared to determine the most suitable time. In addition, a quantitative analysis was performed based on a comparison of the attenuation profiles of the mosquito brains. Thereafter, the most suitable treatment process was selected, and two other samples were scanned after applying the selected process. Although fewer than 18 h was insufficient for an effective increase in attenuation and effective contrast, surpassing 24 h proved unnecessary and resulted in saturating the gray tones visualized through the histograms, leading to information loss. Therefore, a time of approximately 24 h was the most suitable staining time for studying adult A. aegypti. It was possible to isolate the organs of the digestive and reproductive systems of the mosquito stained for 24 h. Thus, micro-CT was confirmed to be an excellent technique in studies of individual structures of adult A. aegypti mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Gruener Lima
- Applied Nuclear Physics Research Group, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid/PR 445 Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Inocente Jussiani
- Applied Nuclear Physics Research Group, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid/PR 445 Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Avacir Casanova Andrello
- Applied Nuclear Physics Research Group, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid/PR 445 Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Cyrino Zequi
- Laboratory of Medical and General Entomology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid/PR 445 Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Edson Kenji Kawabata
- Laboratory of Medical and General Entomology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid/PR 445 Km 380, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Chunikhin NA, Bazikyan EA, Chunikhin AA, Klinovskaya AS. Morphological Assessment of the Effect of Nanosecond Diode Laser Radiation With a Wavelength of 1265 nm on Periodontal Tissue in the Treatment of Apical Periodontitis: An Experimental Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e43. [PMID: 34733766 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: There is a morphological assessment of the damaged area and the inflammatory response of periodontal tissues after therapy. It seems relevant to evaluate the reaction of the periapical tissues of the teeth of experimental animals after the treatment of simulated apical periodontitis using laser photodynamic therapy (PDT) and non-pigment laser transcanal microablation using morphological research. Methods: The lower incisors of 15 rabbits were used to simulate acute apical periodontitis of pulpal origin. Subsequently, the traditional treatment of teeth canals using mechanical cleaning and irrigation with antiseptic solution started. Then, three groups underwent different therapies - using PDT (n = 5; photosensitizer chlorin e6, [l = 660 nm, 60 mW/cm2 ] for 2 minutes), using a new technology of transcanal laser ablation (n = 5; diode laser [l = 1265 nm, 180 mW/cm2 ] for 3 minutes), and without additional treatment (n = 5). Laser therapy in two groups was carried out for 10 days once in 2 days. The animals were euthanized 10 days after the treatment started, decapitation was performed, and morphological specimens were studied under a microscope. Descriptive analysis (study of inflammatory apical infiltrate, bone regeneration of the alveoli and periodontal ligament) and quantitative analysis were performed. The data were statistically processed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The group treated with the new laser technology showed the best results with moderate lymph-macrophage infiltration and congested vessels, moderate neoangiogenesis and fibrogenesis. The size of the lesion was 506.4 mm2, compared with the PDT group - 872.0 mm2 (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: A decrease in the focus of inflammation, moderate neoangiogenesis and fibrogenesis in the periapical region when using transcanal laser microablation indicate the prospects of using the new technology in clinical practice in the complex therapy of apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernest Aramovich Bazikyan
- Department of Oral Surgery, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Anna Sergeevna Klinovskaya
- Department of Oral Surgery, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Gorbatova N, Safin D, Sirotkin A, Kuzmin G, Tertychny A, Zolotov S, Remennicova M, Seleznev D, Tikhonevich O. Experimental modeling of selective photodestruction of skin angiodysplasia by laser radiation with a wavelength of 525 nm. Lasers Med Sci 2021. [PMID: 34160720 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Until now, the problem of effective treatment of skin angiodysplasia remains relevant. To solve it and improve the results of the treatment of this vascular pathology of the skin, photodestruction by laser radiation is considered, which provides a selective effect on the skin with minimal damage to the surrounding tissues. For selective photodestruction in the treatment of angiodysplasia of the skin, one can consider laser radiation with a wavelength of 520 ± 5 nm in the "green" spectral range, located close to the absorption peaks of hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin chromophores. An experimental study in vivo on the combs of live white chickens was carried out to clarify the features of damage and the regeneration process in the zone of exposure to this radiation. We used an experimental sample of a solid-state laser apparatus based on semiconductor diodes, generating laser radiation with a wavelength of 520 ± 5 nm. The results of an experimental study in vivo confirmed the selectivity of the effect of "green" laser radiation of 520 ± 5 nm on subepithelial vascular structures with minimal damage to the epithelium, including the area of its growth. In irradiated areas, one could see whitening and smoothing of the surface due to closure of vessel lumens in the subepithelial zone and formation of collagenosis layer there, as well as epithelialization of wound surface in physiological term without any formation of cicatricial deformation of the skin. The prospect of using "green" laser radiation of 520 ± 5 nm for the purposes of selective photodestruction of angiodysplasia of the skin, which should ensure the achievement of a good clinical and aesthetic result of treatment, has been effective for selective destruction of angiodysplasia.
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Sasaki T, Izumaru K, Hata J, Sakata S, Oishi E, Nagata T, Tsuboi N, Oda Y, Kitazono T, Yokoo T, Ninomiya T. Serum NT-proBNP levels and histopathological myocardial fibrosis in autopsied cases from a Japanese community: The Hisayama Study. J Cardiol 2021; 78:237-243. [PMID: 33863625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND natriuretic peptide is associated with myocardial fibrosis in animal models and among patients with heart disease. However, it remains unclear whether serum N-terminal pro-B-type peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are associated with histopathologically proven myocardial fibrosis among individuals without apparent heart disease. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum NT-proBNP levels and the histopathologically estimated myocardial fibrotic area in autopsied samples from a community. METHODS we selected 63 cases without apparent heart disease with available data of serum NT-proBNP concentrations within six years before death (average age: 82 years; male: 52%) from autopsied cases in a community, and evaluated the percentage areas of myocardial fibrosis in four cardiac segments from each case (i.e. 252 cardiac segments in total). The association between serum NT-proBNP levels and the percentage area of myocardial fibrosis was estimated using a linear mixed model for repeated measures. RESULTS serum NT-proBNP levels were positively correlated with myocardial fibrotic area [Pearson's correlation coefficient: r = 0.49 (95% confidence interval: 0.28-0.66), p <0.001]. Serum NT-proBNP levels were significantly associated with the percentage areas of myocardial fibrosis after adjusting for potential confounding factors. There was no evidence of heterogeneity in the association between the subgroups with and without reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2). CONCLUSIONS the present study demonstrated that elevated serum NT-proBNP levels were associated with the histopathologically measured myocardial fibrotic area in autopsied cases from a community. These findings may help clarify the association between elevated serum NT-proBNP levels and myocardial fibrosis and their influence on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Sasaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoko Sakata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Emi Oishi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuo Tsuboi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokoo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Wang J, Gao Q, Xu DS, Zhang ZY, Cui JJ, Bai WZ. [Application of Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope to Morphologic Research of Acupuncture and Moxibustion]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2019; 43:581-4. [PMID: 30232868 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.171003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) has been used in the field of morphological research of acupuncture and moxibustion for more than 20 years. It is one of the important tools for revealing the structure of acupoints and the effect of acupuncture from histological perspective. With the help of technical advantages of LSCM, the quality of morphological research of acupuncture and moxibustion has been greatly improved, helping us gain a deeper understanding about the structure of acupoints and meridians as well as histochemical changes induced by acupuncture/moxibustion intervention. In order to promote the application of LSCM in acupuncture and moxibustion, we simply reviewed some recent studies in this field and combined them with our experience, trying to provide some technical suggestions. We expect that the technique of LSCM could be integrated into more experiments in acupuncture medicine to provide more powerful morphological evidence for exploring the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibution therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Xu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jing-Jing Cui
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wan-Zhu Bai
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Soodmand E, Zheng G, Steens W, Bader R, Nolte L, Kluess D. Surgically Relevant Morphological Parameters of Proximal Human Femur: A Statistical Analysis Based on 3D Reconstruction of CT Data. Orthop Surg 2019; 11:135-142. [PMID: 30809957 PMCID: PMC6430457 DOI: 10.1111/os.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Recently, more accurate description of the femoral geometry has become of interest to engineers and orthopedic surgeons. However, an appropriate database is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present morphological parameters and their correlations, which are relevant for medical issues such as impingement after total hip replacement, as well as for implant design and the etiology of hip fractures. Methods We investigated 12 well‐known morphological parameters of the femur in 169 healthy human subjects through evaluation of 3D‐reconstructed CT scans. Pearson's coefficients of correlations were calculated using a statistical t‐test method for each pair of parameters. Results The mean, maximum, minimum, median, and standard deviation values are reported for all parameters. Histograms showing the distribution of each morphological parameter are also presented. It is shown that absolute and horizontal offsets, total femur length, and NCVD parameters are normally distributed, but NCDF and NCDS are not. Furthermore, an inter‐correlation matrix was reported to reveal statistical correlations between these parameters. The strongest positive correlation existed between absolute offset (OSA) and horizontal offset (OSH), while the least positive correlation was found between NCDF and total femur length (TFL), and also between NCDS and NCDF. Anteversion angle (ATA) and OSA showed the least negative correlation. However, the strongest negative correlation was found between neck‐shaft angle (NSA) and greater trochanter height (GTH), as well as between OSA and NCVD. Conclusions Comprehending patients’ native bone morphology, including the variations and correlations, is essential for orthopedic surgeons to undertake preoperative planning and surgery as well as to appropriately design medical devices. Thus, more population‐based detailed databases are necessary. We investigated an extensive set of proximal femoral morphology parameters using a statistically standardized method to expand the existing knowledge. The results of our study can be used for diverse medical and biomechanical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Soodmand
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Guoyan Zheng
- Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Steens
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rainer Bader
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lutz Nolte
- Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Kluess
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Abstract
The precise description of the fascia vasto-adductoria (FVA) has become an issue of great surgical and clinical importance. Neurovascular entrapment within the adductor canal (AC) may simulate many clinical conditions for cases presented with medial knee or leg pain and ischemic manifestations of the leg. The aim of the present work is to describe the morphological features of the FVA and to elucidate its neurovascular relations. Forty thigh specimens, pertaining to 15 embalmed and five fresh adult human cadavers, were dissected in pursuit of this aim. The FVA was a continuous subsartorial fascia, roofing the whole length of AC and extended between two points lying at a mean distance of 25.6 and 7 cm proximal to the base of patella. It was subdivided into two parts; proximal thin quadrangular (proximal part of FVA) and distal thick pentagonal (vastoadductor membrane; VAM) and the subsartorial space was observed superficial to it. The mean length of its proximal and distal parts was 7.8 and 7.9 cm, respectively. The proximal part of FVA, while stretched across the vastus medialis (VM) and the adductor longus (AL) muscles, became attached to the wall of the femoral artery and overlaid the femoral vessels, the saphenous nerve (SN), and an arterial pedicle for VM muscle. It was constantly pierced by two arterial pedicles arising from the femoral artery to the sartorius muscle and occasionally (50%) by a communicating nerve branch arising from the SN to join the medial femoral cutaneous nerve. The VAM stretched across the VM muscle and both the AL and adductor magnus (AM) muscles and overlaid the SN, its subsartorial and lower medial femoral cutaneous branches, femoral vessels, 1-3 arterial pedicles for the sartorius and descending genicular vessels. The VAM originated from the tendinous fibres of the AM tendon and constantly spread anterolaterally. It was constantly pierced by 1-3 arterial pedicles to sartorius muscle and both the lower medial femoral cutaneous branch and the subsartorial branches of the SN. An arterial pedicle to the VM muscle and perforating veins between the superficial veins and the femoral vein proved to pierce it in 8/40 specimens. Entrapment of the SN at the distal narrow aperture of the AC, or one of its cutaneous branches at the piercing sites of the FVA, should be remembered when diagnosing cases presented with medial knee or leg pain. The attachment of the proximal part of the FVA to the wall of the femoral artery could add to the mechanism of its potential compression. True AC block should be done deep to the FVA to ensure effective SN analgesia. Its site is recommended to be at the distal one cm of the proximal part of the AC which is at a distance of 16-17 cm proximal to the base of patella. The VAM, being an anatomical connection between the VM and AM muscles, is theorized to increase the mechanical efficiency of the VM oblique muscle to maintain the knee extensor mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Elazab Beheiry Elazab
- Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mowasat Branch, Alexandria University, Elgamaa station, Alexandria, 21524, Egypt.
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Casañas J, de la Torre J, Soler F, García F, Rodellar C, Pumarola M, Climent J, Soler R, Orozco L. Peripheral nerve regeneration after experimental section in ovine radial and tibial nerves using synthetic nerve grafts, including expanded bone marrow mesenchymal cells: morphological and neurophysiological results. Injury 2014; 45 Suppl 4:S2-6. [PMID: 25384470 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1383(14)70003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The standard treatment of peripherical nerve injuries with substance gap is to introduce the nerve free extremes in a biodegradable tube which, as a biocamera, allows the continuity of the nerve, promote the neuroconduction and save the lesion from the surrounding fibrosis. However, this procedure has not any direct effect on the neuroregeneration nor to resolve high severe lesions. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can derivate "in vitro" in different lineages, including Schwann cells. Different studies have shown MSC can promote the nerve regeneration in rodents, dogs and primates. Moving to the human clinical application requires the procedure standardization, including the optimal cell dose which we have to use. In the sheep model animal we performed a study of 1 cm. nerve section-ressection and repair with a Neurolac™ biocamera, in whose gap we applied between 30 to 50×10(6) MSC from cancellous bone, all of them selected and cultured with GMP procedures. The results were compared with controls (saline serum ± platelet-rich plasma). We used radial nerve (sensitive) and tibial nerve (motor) from 7 sheep. In the first step we performed the surgical lesion and bone marrow aspiration, and in 3 weeks we performed the surgical repair. 3 sheep were sacrificed in 3 months, and 4 sheep in 6 months. In all surgeries we performed a neurophysiological register. When we obtained the tissue samples, we performed an histological, immunohistiquimical and morphometrical study. The recovery percentage was defined comparing the axonal density from the proximal and distal lesion margins. The 3 months samples results were wrong. In 6 months samples results we observed a significative myelined nervous fibers and conduction increasing, in front of controls, both radial and tibial nerves. These results suggest the MSC application in biodegradable scaffold in nerve injuries promotes good results in terms of regeneration and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Casañas
- TRAUMAUNIT, Hospital Quirón-Teknon, Vilana 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime de la Torre
- EGARSAT, Avda Roquetes 63-65, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08174 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Soler
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08153 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felix García
- EGARSAT, Avda Roquetes 63-65, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08174 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Martí Pumarola
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08153 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jana Climent
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L, Levy Place, Box 1136, Annenberg 8-46, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Robert Soler
- ITRT, Hospital Quirón-Teknon, Vilana 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Lluís Orozco
- ITRT, Hospital Quirón-Teknon, Vilana 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
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Wan C, Yin P, Xu X, Liu M, He S, Song S, Liu F, Xu J. Effect of simulated transport stress on the rat small intestine: A morphological and gene expression study. Res Vet Sci 2014; 96:355-64. [PMID: 24560020 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of simulated transport stress on morphology and gene expression in the small intestine of laboratory rats. Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to 35°C and 0.1×g on a constant temperature shaker for physiological, biochemical, morphological and microarray analysis before and after treatment. The treatment induced obvious stress responses with significant decreases in body weight (P<0.01), increases in rectal temperature, serum corticosterone (CORT), serum glucose (GLU), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (P<0.01), as well as expression of Hsp27/70/90 mRNA (P<0.05; P<0.01). The rat jejunum was severely damaged and apoptotic after mimicking transport stress, which may mainly be related to cell death, oxidation reduction and hormone imbalance determined by microarray analysis. The bioinformatics analysis from the present study would provide insight into the potential mechanisms underlying transport stress-induced injury in the rat small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrong Wan
- CAU-BUA TCVM Teaching and Researching Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peng Yin
- CAU-BUA TCVM Teaching and Researching Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- CAU-BUA TCVM Teaching and Researching Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Mingjiang Liu
- CAU-BUA TCVM Teaching and Researching Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shasha He
- CAU-BUA TCVM Teaching and Researching Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shixiu Song
- CAU-BUA TCVM Teaching and Researching Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Fenghua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture (BUA), Beijing 102206, PR China.
| | - Jianqin Xu
- CAU-BUA TCVM Teaching and Researching Team, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, PR China.
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