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An L, Song C, Zhang Q, Wei X. Methods for assessing spillover effects between concurrent green initiatives. MethodsX 2024; 12:102672. [PMID: 38707217 PMCID: PMC11067531 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This research presents the methods that are used to examine the dynamics and potential spillover effects of various global environmental conservation programs. We specifically show the data and models that we use to analyze the interactions and mutual influences between the U.S.'s Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP), as well as those between China's Grain-to-Green Program (GTGP) and Forest Ecological Benefit Compensation (FEBC). Additionally, this study illustrates information about global initiatives, their interconnected impacts, and the associated policy strategies for environmental conservation. By utilizing multivariate regression, logistic regression, eigenvector spatial filtering, and scenario modeling, the research aims to understand the collective influence of these initiatives on broader environmental objectives. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for improving conservation policy designs and effectiveness.•Multivariate and logistic regression analyses to dissect global environmental conservation program interactions and mutual influences.•Eigenvector spatial filtering to address spatial autocorrelation and enhance the accuracy of the model results and our interpretations.•Scenario modeling to project potential future outcomes and impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Conghe Song
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Wei
- College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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An L, Liu J, Zhang Q, Song C, Ezzine-de-Blas D, Dai J, Zhang H, Lewison R, Bohnett E, Stow D, Xu W, Bryan BA. Global hidden spillover effects among concurrent green initiatives. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:169880. [PMID: 38278232 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Concurrently implemented green initiatives to combat global environmental crises may be curtailed or even sacrificed given the ongoing global economic contraction. We collected empirical data and information about green initiatives from 15 sites or countries worldwide. We systematically explored how specific policy, intended behaviors, and gains of given green initiative may interact with those of other green initiatives concurrently implemented in the same geographic area or involving the same recipients. Surprisingly, we found that spillover effects were very divergent: one initiative could reduce the gain of another by 22 % ∼ 100 %, representing alarming losses, while in other instances, substantial co-benefits could arise as one initiative can increase the gain of another by 9 % ∼ 310 %. Leveraging these effects will help countries keep green initiatives with significant co-benefits but stop initiatives with substantial spillover losses in the face of widespread budget cuts, better meeting the United Nations' sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823-5243, USA.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Conghe Song
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | | | - Jie Dai
- Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Geography, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Rebecca Lewison
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Eve Bohnett
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Douglas Stow
- Department of Geography, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Weihua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Brett A Bryan
- School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
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de Mendonça GC, da Costa LM, Abdo MTVN, Costa RCA, Parras R, de Oliveira LCM, Pissarra TCT, Pacheco FAL. Multicriteria spatial model to prioritize degraded areas for landscape restoration through agroforestry. MethodsX 2023; 10:102052. [PMID: 36911210 PMCID: PMC9995468 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconciling the restoration of ecosystem services within agricultural landscapes is an effort that has been advancing within degraded areas restoration through agroforestry systems. However, to contribute to the effectiveness of these initiatives, it is essential to integrate landscape vulnerability and local demands to better highlight in which areas the implementation of agroforestry systems should be prioritized. Thus, we developed a spatial hierarchization methodology as a decision support tool as an active strategy for agroecosystem restoration. The proposed method constitutes a spatial indicator of priority areas to guide agroforestry interventions, including resource allocation and public policies for payment for environmental services. The methodology consists of Multicriteria Decision Analysis implemented in GIS software by combining input datasets based on biophysical conditions, environmental and socioeconomic aspects, that integrated promotes an assessment of the environment fragility, the pressures and responses to land use dynamic; a strategy for landscape restoration and conservation of the natural habitats, and multiple specific scenarios for decision making regarding the agricultural and the local actors demands. The output of the model provides the spatial distribution of areas suitable for the implementation of agroforestry systems, sorted into four priority levels (Low, Medium, High, and Extreme priority). The method is a promising tool proposal for territorial management and governance and subsidizes future research on the flows of ecosystem services.•Assessment of the environment fragility and the pressures and responses to land use dynamic.•Strategy for landscape restoration and conservation of remaining natural habitats.•Multiple specific scenarios for decision making regarding the agricultural and the local actors demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Costa de Mendonça
- Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.,POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Miguel da Costa
- Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Vilela Nogueira Abdo
- Pindorama Pole, Washington Luis Highway, Km 371, s/n, APTA - São Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology, Pindorama, SP 15830-000, Brazil.,POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Cristina Araújo Costa
- Guarulhos University (UNG), Praça Tereza Cristina, 239, Guarulhos, SP 07023-070, Brazil.,POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Parras
- Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.,POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Laís Caroline Marianno de Oliveira
- Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.,POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra
- Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.,POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando António Leal Pacheco
- Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.,CQVR-Chemistry Center of Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Ap. 1013, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.,POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
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Liu J, Xiao L, Wang J, Wang C. Payments for environmental services strategy for transboundary air pollution: A stochastic differential game perspective. Sci Total Environ 2022; 852:158286. [PMID: 36057307 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has become a global threat to societal development. The main challenges of transboundary air pollution control include two perspectives: uneven socioeconomic development of regions and the diffusion of air pollution. This paper proposes an PES strategy to alleviate transboundary air pollution by coordinating regional economic interests and environmental preferences within the joint prevention and control of air pollution region. To make the model design more realistic, we introduce the stochastic differential game model to characterize the diffusion and uncertainty of air pollution. The optimal feedback Nash equilibrium is derived in three PES scenarios (no PES, dynamic PES, and fixed-fee PES) by using the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. Numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis are implemented to compare the optimal strategies under the three PES scenarios. The dynamic PES strategy is shown to outperform the no PES strategy and the fixed-fee PES strategy by encouraging the backward region to cut more emissions. Besides, the confidence interval theory is used to estimate the variation range of air pollution stocks, which provides a powerful diagnostic tool for policy-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyue Liu
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Applied System Analysis, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- School of Mathematical Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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de Mendonça GC, Costa RCA, Parras R, de Oliveira LCM, Abdo MTVN, Pacheco FAL, Pissarra TCT. Spatial indicator of priority areas for the implementation of agroforestry systems: An optimization strategy for agricultural landscapes restoration. Sci Total Environ 2022; 839:156185. [PMID: 35618113 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ecological functions restoration in agricultural areas is a major challenge on a landscape scale. In the specific case of active restoration through Agroforestry Systems (AFS), the absence of a specific direction hinders ecological restoration processes, especially in regions that prefer intensive agriculture. Thus, this study aims to develop a Spatial Indicator of Priority Areas to guide Agroforestry Systems implementation in agricultural landscapes. A spatial multicriteria decision analysis (MDCA) was carried out based on environmental factors: soil, geology and slope (which determine the natural vulnerability of the land) and anthropogenic factors: land use and land cover, forest fragments, potential land use capacity and legal protected areas in rural properties (which reflects human pressure and land use suitability). Subsequently, four priority levels were classified for agroforestry interventions: (1) Low priority; (2) Average priority; (3) High priority; (4) Extreme priority. A final map was made to identify priority areas for landscape recovery in 9 cities located at the mouth of the Mogi Guaçu River Hydrographic Basin, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Considering the natural vulnerability of the land and the multifunctional aspects of the landscape, the scenarios projection allowed a consensus for forest conservation and agricultural suitability perspectives. A final combination of the explored aspects culminated in the spatial indicator, which model foresees 22,300 ha available for urgent actions for restoration, reforestation and sustainable exploitation through agroforestry systems. We emphasize the challenges in reconciling the socioeconomic and ecological functions in the agroecosystem, however, the metric provides a more inclusive and assertive management strategy for natural resources and advances towards the goal of reforestation and implementation of payment for environmental services (PES) schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Costa de Mendonça
- UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil; POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Paulista State University (UNESP), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Renata Cristina Araújo Costa
- Guarulhos University (UNG), Praça Tereza Cristina, 239, 07023-070 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil; POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Paulista State University (UNESP), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Parras
- UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil; POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Paulista State University (UNESP), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Laís Caroline Marianno de Oliveira
- UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil; POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Paulista State University (UNESP), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Vilela Nogueira Abdo
- APTA - São Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology, Pindorama Pole, Washington Luis Highway, Km 371, s/n, Pindorama, SP 15830-000, Brazil; POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Paulista State University (UNESP), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando António Leal Pacheco
- CQVR-Chemistry Center of Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Ap. 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Paulista State University (UNESP), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra
- UNESP/FCAV - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil; POLUS-Land Use Policy Group, Paulista State University (UNESP), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil
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Yu H, Xie W, Yang L, Du A, Almeida CMVB, Wang Y. From payments for ecosystem services to eco-compensation: Conceptual change or paradigm shift? Sci Total Environ 2020; 700:134627. [PMID: 31693962 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Payments for ecosystem services (PES) is an effective policy in conserving ecosystem services and is increasingly applied globally. The concept of PES was firstly defined in 2005, researches with various terminologies, concepts, and practices emerged since then. This paper analyzed the research patterns of PES studies through bibliometric methods, with a special focus on the trends of terminology, location (geographical research hotspot), types of PES, and PES effectiveness evaluation based on author keywords analysis. The results showed that PES started to receive considerable academic attentions from 2005, and the number of PES publications have relatively kept an increasing trend since then. The most influential journal, country, research organization, and author were Ecological Economics, USA, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS, China), and Dr. Wunder. Further analysis revealed that there were various terminologies in PES studies, notably "ecological compensation" and "eco-compensation" (EC) were primarily adapted by Chinese research community. China was the geographical research hotspot and developing countries (Vietnam, Mexico, and Brazil) have received growing academic interests in last decade. "Forest and Carbon" PES was the most concerned types of PES in last five years. There were 125 articles evaluated the effectiveness of empirical PES initiatives, and the majority focused on the social aspect. We proposed two suggestions for future research: (1) adapting EC as an alternative term for PES studies because of its inclusiveness and representation of empirical practices; (2) enhancing integrated evaluation of PES programs to achieve multiple benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Yu
- Fudan Tyndall Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Fudan Tyndall Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Fudan Tyndall Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Anshu Du
- Fudan Tyndall Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | | | - Yutao Wang
- Fudan Tyndall Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), No. 3663 Northern Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
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den Uyl RM, Driessen PPJ. Evaluating governance for sustainable development - Insights from experiences in the Dutch fen landscape. J Environ Manage 2015; 163:186-203. [PMID: 26320012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Prominent strands of discussion in the literature on governance for sustainable development debate how change can be induced to enhance sustainability, and how to evaluate the interventions aimed at prompting such change. Strikingly, there are few contributions about how prominent ideas of inducing change deal with multiple governance criteria for pursuing sustainable development. Moreover, the way ideas about inducing change relate to criteria of governance for sustainable development is not yet studied in an empirical context. This paper therefore comparatively analyses how three prominent modes of sustainable development governance - adaptive management, transition management and payments for environmental services - relate to a set of five prominent criteria reported in the literature, namely: equity, democracy, legitimacy, the handling of scale issues and the handling of uncertainty issues. It finds that the academic debates on these three modes address these criteria with varying attention and rather fragmented, while in the empirical setting of the Dutch fen landscape several aspects relating to the studied criteria were present and substantially influenced the functioning of the three modes of sustainable development. Together, the analysis of the literature debate and the empirical data are able to show that a narrow evaluation perspective may fail to diagnose and capture relevant struggles and complexities coming along with governance for sustainable development relevant issues. The study shows that in order to advance our understanding of governance for sustainable development, it is indeed important to include multiple criteria in studying these modes. Moreover, the study shows the importance of including empirical experiences which manifest when different modes for sustainable development are applied in real-world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roos M den Uyl
- Centre for Rural Policy Research, Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Rennes Drives EX4 4RJ, Exeter, Devon, UK.
| | - Peter P J Driessen
- Copernicus Institute for Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Dedeurwaerdere T, Polard A, Melindi-Ghidi P. The role of network bridging organisations in compensation payments for agri-environmental services under the EU Common Agricultural Policy. Ecol Econ 2015; 119:24-38. [PMID: 28149001 PMCID: PMC5268349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Compensation payments to farmers for the provision of agri-environmental services are a well-established policy scheme under the EU Common Agricultural Policy. However, in spite of the success in most EU countries in the uptake of the programme by farmers, the impact of the scheme on the long term commitment of farmers to change their practices remains poorly documented. To explore this issue, this paper presents the results of structured field interviews and a quantitative survey in the Walloon Region of Belgium. The main finding of this study is that farmers who have periodic contacts with network bridging organisations that foster cooperation and social learning in the agri-environmental landscapes show a higher commitment to change. This effect is observed both for farmers with high and low concern for biodiversity depletion. Support for network bridging organisations is foreseen under the EU Leader programme and the EU regulation 1306/2013, which could open-up interesting opportunities for enhancing the effectiveness of the current payment scheme for agri-environmental services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Dedeurwaerdere
- Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium; National Research Foundation, F.R.S.-FNRS, Belgium
| | | | - Paolo Melindi-Ghidi
- Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium; Aix-Marseille Université, GREQAM, France
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