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Diao K, Song J, Thall PF, McGinnis GJ, Boyce-Fappiano D, Amini B, Brown PD, Yeboa DN, Bishop AJ, Li J, Briere TM, Tatsui CE, Rhines LD, Chang EL, Ghia AJ. Low risk of radiation myelopathy with relaxed spinal cord dose constraints in de novo, single fraction spine stereotactic radiosurgery. Radiother Oncol 2020; 152:49-55. [PMID: 32745668 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) offers high rates of local control in a critical anatomic area by delivering precise, ablative doses of radiation for treatment of spine metastases. However, the dose tolerance of the spinal cord (SC) after SSRS with relation to radiation myelopathy (RM) is not well-described. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed patients who underwent single fraction, de novo SSRS from 2012-2017 and received >12 Gy Dmax to the SC, defined using MRI-CT fusion without PRV expansion. The standard SC constraint was D0.01cc ≤ 12 Gy. Local control was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Bayesian analysis was used to compute posterior probabilities for RM. RESULTS A total of 146 SSRS treatments among 132 patients were included. The median SC Dmax was 12.6 Gy (range, 12.1-17.1 Gy). The SC Dmax was >12 and <13 Gy for 109 (75%) treatments, ≥13 and <14 Gy for 28 (19%) treatments, and ≥14 Gy for 9 (6%) treatments. The 1-year local control rate was 94%. With a median follow-up time of 42 months, there were zero (0) RM events observed. Assuming a prior 4.3% risk of RM, the true rate of RM for SC Dmax of ≤14 Gy was computed as <1% with 98% probability. CONCLUSION In one of the largest series of patients treated with single fraction, de novo SSRS, there were no cases of RM observed with a median follow-up of 42 months. These data support safe relaxation of MRI-defined SC dose up to D0.01cc ≤ 12 Gy, which corresponds to <1% risk of RM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Diao
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
| | - Juhee Song
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Peter F Thall
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Gwendolyn J McGinnis
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - David Boyce-Fappiano
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Behrang Amini
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Paul D Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, United States
| | - Debra N Yeboa
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Andrew J Bishop
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Tina M Briere
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Claudio E Tatsui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Lawrence D Rhines
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
| | - Eric L Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, United States
| | - Amol J Ghia
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States
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Sevbitov A, Kuznetsova M, Dorofeev A, Borisov V, Mironov S, Iusupova I. Dental anomalies in people living in radionuclide-contaminated regions. J Environ Radioact 2020; 216:106190. [PMID: 32056793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The 1986 accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant led to large-scale changes in the environmental situation. The purpose of our study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the morphological states of the dentition of individuals living in regions exposed to radiation to determine the groups at risk for the main classes of dental anomalies. We believe our results will support the development of a differentiated system for dental rehabilitation and follow-up of individuals exposed to radiation. The prevalence rate of dental anomalies was studied in 1,889 patients of both sexes divided by age in accordance with dentition formation stages and by regions of residence in accordance with the 137Cs soil-contamination level. A statistically significant decrease was observed in the number of patients with normal dentition for their age among those who had been exposed to prenatal radiation. A sharp increase in combined dental anomalies was revealed in patients who lived in regions with a137Cs soil-contamination level ranging from 555 to 1665 GBq/km2; concomitantly, multidirectional fluctuations were observed in the numbers of tooth and occlusion anomalies. Among the examined population, the most severe pathology of the oral organs was found in prenatally irradiated patients (born between April 26, 1986, and April 30, 1987). The prevalence of dental anomalies is interrelated not only with the level of radioactive contamination in the soil of the dwelling area, but also with the age of the surveyed individuals at the moment of the accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Sevbitov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Kuznetsova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Aleksey Dorofeev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaliy Borisov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Mironov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Iuliana Iusupova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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Beddok A, Vela A, Calugaru V, Tessonnier T, Kubes J, Dutheil P, Gerard A, Vidal M, Goudjil F, Florescu C, Kammerer E, Benezery K, Herault J, Poortmans P, Bourhis J, Thariat J; GORTEC, the 3 French proton centers. Proton therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: A review of the physical and clinical challenges. Radiother Oncol 2020; 147:30-9. [PMID: 32224315 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The quality of radiation therapy has been shown to significantly influence the outcomes for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. The results of dosimetric studies suggest that intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) could be of added value for HNSCC by being more effective than intensity-modulated (photon) radiation therapy (IMRT) for reducing side effects of radiation therapy. However, the physical properties of protons make IMPT more sensitive than photons to planning uncertainties. This could potentially have a negative effect on the quality of IMPT planning and delivery. For this review, the three French proton therapy centers collaborated to evaluate the differences between IMRT and IMPT. The review explored the effects of these uncertainties and their management for developing a robust and optimized IMPT treatment delivery plan to achieve clinical outcomes that are superior to those for IMRT. We also provide practical suggestions for the management of HNSCC carcinoma with IMPT. Because metallic dental implants can increase range uncertainties (3-10%), patient preparation for IMPT may require more systematic removal of in-field alien material than is done for IMRT. Multi-energy CT may be an alternative to calculate more accurately the dose distribution. The practical aspects that we describe are essential to guarantee optimal quality in radiation therapy in both model-based and randomized clinical trials.
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Poynter L, Galea D, Veselkov K, Mirnezami A, Kinross J, Nicholson J, Takáts Z, Darzi A, Mirnezami R. Network Mapping of Molecular Biomarkers Influencing Radiation Response in Rectal Cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2019; 18:e210-e222. [PMID: 30928329 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) plays an important role in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer (RC). Tumor regression after RT shows marked variability, and robust molecular methods are needed to help predict likely response. The aim of this study was to review the current published literature and use Gene Ontology (GO) analysis to define key molecular biomarkers governing radiation response in RC. A systematic review of electronic bibliographic databases (Medline, Embase) was performed for original articles published between 2000 and 2015. Biomarkers were then classified according to biological function and incorporated into a hierarchical GO tree. Both significant and nonsignificant results were included in the analysis. Significance was binarized on the basis of univariate and multivariate statistics. Significance scores were calculated for each biological domain (or node), and a direct acyclic graph was generated for intuitive mapping of biological pathways and markers involved in RC radiation response. Seventy-two individual biomarkers across 74 studies were identified. On highest-order classification, molecular biomarkers falling within the domains of response to stress, cellular metabolism, and pathways inhibiting apoptosis were found to be the most influential in predicting radiosensitivity. Homogenizing biomarker data from original articles using controlled GO terminology demonstrated that cellular mechanisms of response to RT in RC-in particular the metabolic response to RT-may hold promise in developing radiotherapeutic biomarkers to help predict, and in the future modulate, radiation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Poynter
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dieter Galea
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kirill Veselkov
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - James Kinross
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jeremy Nicholson
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zoltán Takáts
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ara Darzi
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Reza Mirnezami
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, London, UK.
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Lu X, Shu X, Chen S, Zhang K, Chi F, Zhang H, Shao D, Mao X. Heavy-ion irradiation effects on U 3O 8 incorporated Gd 2Zr 2O 7 waste forms. J Hazard Mater 2018; 357:424-430. [PMID: 29929095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the heavy-ion irradiation effects of U-bearing Gd2Zr2O7 ceramics were explored for nuclear waste immobilization. U3O8 was designed to be incorporated into Gd2Zr2O7 from two different routes in the form of (Gd1-4xU2x)2(Zr1-xUx)2O7 (x = 0.1, 0.14). The self-irradiation of actinide nuclides was simulated by Xe20+ heavy-ion radiation under different fluences. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) analysis reveals the relationship between radiation dose, damage and depth. The radiation tolerance is promoted with the increment of U3O8 content in the discussed range. Raman spectroscopy testifies the enhancement of radiation tolerance and microscopically existed phase evolution from the chemical bond vibrations. In addition, the microstructure and elemental distribution of the irradiated samples were analyzed as well. The amorphization degree of the sample surface declines as the U content was elevated from x = 0.1 to x = 0.14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Lu
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyan Shu
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China
| | - Shunzhang Chen
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China
| | - Kuibao Zhang
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China
| | - Fangtin Chi
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China
| | - Haibin Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, PR China.
| | - Dadong Shao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, 230031, PR China
| | - Xueli Mao
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, PR China
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Abstract
SUMMARY – Lymphomas are very radiosensitive and radiotherapy (RT) was the first treatment modality that enabled cure. It is the most effective single modality for local control of lymphomas. However, as a local form of treatment, curative intention is only possible if all lymphoma tissue can be incorporated in the volume to be irradiated with the prescribed total irradiation dose. That is why RT is a single modality only in early stage of nodular lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin’s lymphoma and low grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In most patients, RT can be used as consolidation therapy after chemotherapy or as salvage after failure of chemotherapy. In the past two decades, irradiation techniques have been improved in order to spare critical tissues and reduce toxicity. Although effective, RT is a neglected modality of treatment because of the appearance of new drugs and fear of side effects after irradiation. Radiation has been shown to be effective in the treatment of all stages and forms of lymphoma. Study data are still mostly derived from patients that received supradiaphragmal RT; therefore, there is no agreement about the best management approach in patients with infradiaphragmal lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fedor Šantek
- 1Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Zagreb University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ferlazzo ML, Devic C, Granzotto A, Charvet AM, Pilleul F, Colin C, Biston MC, Joubert A, Bourguignon M, Foray N. DNA breaks induced by iodine-containing contrast medium in radiodiagnostics: a problem of tungsten? Eur Radiol Exp 2018; 2:21. [PMID: 30148253 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-018-0050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodine-containing contrast media (ICM) are extensively used to improve image quality and information content in x-ray-based examinations, particularly in computed tomography (CT). In parallel, there is increasing evidence that the use of ICM during CT sessions is associated with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) breaks that may influence the estimation of the risks linked to x-ray exposure. Why has iodine been preferred to any other heavy elements to enhance contrast in radiodiagnostics? How to understand such DNA breaks effect? We searched for the answers in the early times of x-ray medical use. It appeared that the maximal ratio between the relative iodine and water mass energy absorption coefficients is reached in the range of 40–60 keV, which defines the energy range in which the dose is preferentially absorbed by ICM. This range does not correspond to the K-edge of iodine but to that of tungsten, the major component of the x-ray tube anode of CT scanners. At such energy, radiolysis of the ICM produces sodium or potassium iodide that prevents a normal DNA breaks repair and influences the individual response to x-ray low-dose. Both contrast enhancement and DNA breaks effect may therefore be caused by tungsten of the anodes of x-ray tubes.
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Zheng X, Chen Y, Xiao Y, Zheng D, Chen W. Early diagnosis of radio-insensitive human nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft models by diffusion kurtosis imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 55:128-132. [PMID: 30098385 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of DKI in early detection of radio-insensitive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) xenografts in nude mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-two nude mice were implanted with CNE-1 (low radio-sensitive) and CNE-2 (high radio-sensitive) NPC cell lines, and their respective xenografts were obtained. Then, the NPC-bearing nude mice were exposed to different doses of fraction irradiation, which are divided into non-irradiated group (G0), 10Gy group (G1), 20Gy group (G2), 30Gy group (G3), 3rd (G4) and 5th (G5) days after the entire dose (30y) of irradiation. Subsequently, DKI was performed on each group. Tumor volumes, shrink rates, D and K parameters were measured by two experienced radiologists. Student's t-test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were conducted in this study. RESULTS The differences of volume shrinkage rate between CNE-1 and -2 were observed in G2 (P = 0.032), with the shrink rates of 5.954% and 27.716%, respectively. The D values were reduced at G1 (DG1, P = 0.001) and then increased gradually after irradiation. The K values were increased at G1 (KG1, P = 0.001) and then declined sharply in CNE-2 (P < 0.01), but not in CNE-1 xenografts (P > 0.05). The respective AUC values for DG1 and KG1 were 0.875 and 0.917, with 66.7% and 83.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity, at the cutoff values of 1.27 × 10-3 mm2/s for parameter D and 0.88 for parameter K. CONCLUSION DKI can be used for early detection of radio-insensitive NPC xenografts prior to morphological change, where DG1 and KG1 may be the most valuable indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zheng
- Department of Radiologic Diagnosis, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yunbin Chen
- Department of Radiologic Diagnosis, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Radiologic Diagnosis, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Youping Xiao
- Department of Radiologic Diagnosis, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dechun Zheng
- Department of Radiologic Diagnosis, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Poitevin-Chacón A, Chávez-Nogueda J, Prudencio RR, Fernández AC, Laguna AR, Linares J, Martínez JC. Dosimetry of the left anterior descending coronary artery in left breast cancer patients treated with postoperative external radiotherapy. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2018; 23:91-6. [PMID: 29681771 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the dose distribution to the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in patients treated with postoperative three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT). Background Postoperative radiotherapy may increase the risk of heart disease, particularly in patients with left-sided breast cancer. Clinical data on doses to the LAD are limited. Materials and methods Retrospective study of 14 patients who underwent postoperative 3DCRT for left breast cancer in 2014. All data were retrieved from medical records. Means, medians, ranges, and percentages were calculated. Results The mean dose to the LAD in patients with V25 < 1% was 0.12 cGy. Dmean, Dmax and V25 to the heart were, respectively, 3.7 Gy (range, 0.9-4.18), 40.3 Gy (9.28-62.9), and 1.59 cGy. The mean Dmean and Dmax values in the sample were 9.71 Gy and 33.2 Gy, respectively. The maximum dose to the LAD (D2%) ranged from 3.66 to 53.01 Gy. Due to the spacing of the CT slices (5 mm), it was not possible to completely contour the entire artery. The mean dose to the heart (3.3 Gy) was considered acceptable. Conclusions The maximum dose to the LAD was as high as 53 Gy, suggesting an increased risk of cardiac morbidity. This study underscores the value of contouring the LAD and the value of the breath hold technique to reduce maximum cardiac doses. Smaller CT cuts (2.5 mm) can improve contouring. Larger studies with long-term follow up are needed to determine the radiation tolerance dose for the LAD.
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Ryabova A, Mukae K, Cherkasov A, Cornette R, Shagimardanova E, Sakashita T, Okuda T, Kikawada T, Gusev O. Genetic background of enhanced radioresistance in an anhydrobiotic insect: transcriptional response to ionizing radiations and desiccation. Extremophiles 2016; 21:109-120. [PMID: 27807620 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-016-0888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
It is assumed that resistance to ionizing radiation, as well as cross-resistance to other abiotic stresses, is a side effect of the evolutionary-based adaptation of anhydrobiotic animals to dehydration stress. Larvae of Polypedilum vanderplanki can withstand prolonged desiccation as well as high doses of ionizing radiation exposure. For a further understanding of the mechanisms of cross-tolerance to both types of stress exposure, we profiled genome-wide mRNA expression patterns using microarray techniques on the chironomid larvae collected at different stages of desiccation and after exposure to two types of ionizing radiation-70 Gy of high-linear energy transfer (LET) ions (4He) and the same dose of low-LET radiation (gamma rays). In expression profiles, a wide transcriptional response to desiccation stress that much exceeded the amount of up-regulated transcripts to irradiation exposure was observed. An extensive group of coincidently up-regulated overlapped transcripts in response to desiccation and ionizing radiation was found. Among this, overlapped set of transcripts was indicated anhydrobiosis-related genes: antioxidants, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, and heat-shock proteins. The most overexpressed group was that of protein-L-isoaspartate/D-aspartate O-methyltransferase (PIMT), while probes, corresponding to LEA proteins, were the most represented. Performed functional analysis showed strongly enriched gene ontology terms associated with protein methylation. In addition, active processes of DNA repair were detected. We assume that the cross-tolerance of the sleeping chironomid to both desiccation and irradiation exposure comes from a complex mechanism of adaptation to anhydrobiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Ryabova
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Medicine, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Kyosuke Mukae
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan.,Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Alexander Cherkasov
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Medicine, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Richard Cornette
- Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Elena Shagimardanova
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Medicine, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Tetsuya Sakashita
- Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Okuda
- Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kikawada
- Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan. .,Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Oleg Gusev
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Medicine, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia. .,Anhydrobiosis Research Group, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan. .,Center for Life Science Technologies, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan. .,RIKEN Innovation Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.
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Brown ML, Glanzmann C, Huber G, Bredell M, Rordorf T, Studer G. IMRT/VMAT for malignancies in the head-and-neck region : Outcome in patients aged 80. Strahlenther Onkol 2016; 192:526-36. [PMID: 27306747 PMCID: PMC4956718 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-016-0986-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Elderly patients with malignant head-and-neck tumors (HNT) often pose a therapeutic challenge. They frequently have significant comorbidities which may influence their ability to tolerate tumor-specific therapies. Our aim was to investigate the outcome of patients aged 80+ years undergoing curative intent intensity- or volume-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT/VMAT). Methods We retrospectively reviewed our HNT patients aged 80+ treated with curative IMRT/VMAT from December 2003 to November 2015. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local control (LC), and treatment tolerance were assessed. Outcome results were compared with that of a younger HNT patient cohort from our hospital. Results A total of 140 consecutive patients were included (65 postoperative, 75 definitive). Mean/median age at treatment start was 84.8/84.1 years (range 80–96 years). Mean/median follow-up time was 25/16 months (range 2–92 months). Of the 140 patients, 80 were alive with no evidence of disease when last seen, 28 had died due to the cancer, 12 remained alive with disease, the remaining 20 died intercurrently. Systemic concomitant therapy was administered in 7 %. Late grade 3–4 toxicity was observed in 2 %. All patients completed treatment. Hospitalization and feeding tube rates were 26 % and 11 %, respectively. The 2‑/3-year LC, DFS, and OS rates for the entire cohort were 81/80 %, 69/63 %, and 68/66 %, respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients showed an inferior 3-year OS rate as compared to non-SCC patients (62 % vs 77 %, p = 0.0002), while LC and DFS did not differ. Patients undergoing postoperative radiation attained a higher OS compared to the definitively irradiated subgroup with 74 vs. 60 % at 3 years (p = 0.01); however, DFS rates were similar for both groups (68 vs. 61 %, p = 0.15). Corresponding rates for >1400 HNT patients <80 years treated during the same time interval were 81/80 %, 69/67 %, and 77/72 %, respectively. Conclusions Treatment tolerance in our patients aged 80+ was high. These results suggest that elderly HNT patients should not be denied potentially curative treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Head Neck Cancer Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Glanzmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Head Neck Cancer Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head Neck Cancer Center, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marius Bredell
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Head Neck Cancer Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tamara Rordorf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Head Neck Cancer Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela Studer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Head Neck Cancer Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Chen JLY, Chen JP, Huang YS, Tsai YC, Tsai MH, Jaw FS, Cheng JCH, Kuo SH, Shieh MJ. Radiosensitization in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Effect of polo-like kinase 1 inhibition. Strahlenther Onkol 2016; 192:260-8. [PMID: 26952039 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-016-0951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the efficacy of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibition on radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo by a pharmacologic approach using the highly potent PLK1 inhibitor volasertib. METHODS AND MATERIALS Human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines KYSE 70 and KYSE 150 were used to evaluate the synergistic effect of volasertib and irradiation in vitro using cell viability assay, colony formation assay, cell cycle phase analysis, and western blot, and in vivo using ectopic tumor models. RESULTS Volasertib decreased ESCC cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Combination of volasertib and radiation caused G2/M cell cycle arrest, increased cyclin B levels, and induced apoptosis. Volasertib significantly enhanced radiation-induced death in ESCC cells by a mechanism involving the enhancement of histone H3 phosphorylation and significant cell cycle interruption. The combination of volasertib plus irradiation delayed the growth of ESCC tumor xenografts markedly compared with either treatment modality alone. CONCLUSIONS The in vitro results suggested that targeting PLK1 might be a viable approach to improve the effects of radiation in ESCC. In vivo studies showed that PLK1 inhibition with volasertib during irradiation significantly improved local tumor control when compared to irradiation or drug treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Ling-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Pai Chen
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, No.7, Chung-Shan South Road, 100, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Chun Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shan Jaw
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jason Chia-Hsien Cheng
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Hsin Kuo
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jium Shieh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Córdoba EE, Abba MC, Lacunza E, Fernánde E, Güerci AM. Polymorphic Variants in Oxidative Stress Genes and Acute Toxicity in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy. Cancer Res Treat 2016; 48:948-54. [PMID: 26790968 PMCID: PMC4946367 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2015.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated as an indirect product of radiation therapy (RT). Genetic variation in genes related to ROS metabolism may influence the level of RT-induced adverse effects. We evaluated the potential association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)–related response to radiotherapy injury in breast cancer patients undergoing RT. Materials and Methods Eighty patients receiving conventional RT were included. Acute effects were evaluated according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scores. DNA was extracted from blood and buccal swab samples. SNPs were genotyped for GSTP1, GSTA1, SOD2, and NOS3 genes by polymerase chain reaction–based restriction fragment length polymorphism. Univariate analysis (odds ratios [ORs] and 95% confidence interval [CI]) and principal component analysis were used for correlation of SNPs and factors related to risk of developing ≥ grade 2 acute effects. Results Sixty-five patients (81.2%) showed side effects, 32 (40%) presented moderate to severe acute skin toxicity, and 33 (41.2%) manifested minimal acute skin reactions by the end of treatment. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, nominally significant associations were found among body mass index (OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 8.5338 to 1.1274; p=0.022), breast size (OR, 5.11; 95% CI, 17.04 to 1.54; p=0.004), and grade ≥ 2 acute radiation skin toxicity. A significant association was also observed between NOS3 G894T polymorphism (OR, 9.8; 95% CI, 211.6 to 0.45; p=0.041) and grade ≥ 2 acute radiation skin toxicity in patients with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy treatment. Conclusion The analysis of the factors involved in individual radiosensitivity contributed to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying this trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Eugenia Córdoba
- Department of Physics, School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Argentina.,IGEVET-Veterinary Genetics Institute (National Scientific and Technical Research Council-National University of La Plata) School of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martín Carlos Abba
- Basic and Applied Immunological Research Center, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Lacunza
- Basic and Applied Immunological Research Center, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Alba Mabel Güerci
- Department of Physics, School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Argentina.,IGEVET-Veterinary Genetics Institute (National Scientific and Technical Research Council-National University of La Plata) School of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata, Argentina
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Chie EK, Shin JH, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Kim IA, Kim IH. In Vitro and In Vivo Radiosensitizing Effect of Valproic Acid on Fractionated Irradiation. Cancer Res Treat 2014; 47:527-33. [PMID: 25600060 PMCID: PMC4506108 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2014.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted in order to validate the radiosensitization effect of valproic acid, a biologically available histone deacetylase inhibitor, for fractionated radiation. Materials and Methods Radiosensitization effect of valproic acid was tested for the A549 cell line and U87MG cell line in vitro. Fractionated irradiation of 12 Gy in four fractions was administered on D2-5 with valproic acid, 150 mg/Kg, ip, bid for six consecutive days (D1-6) to A549 and U87MG tumors implanted in BALB/c-nude mice. A growth delay curve was formulated. Results Radiosensitization effect of valproic acid was found for both cell lines; A549 at 1.5 mM and 3.0 mM concentration and U87MG at 3.0 mM concentration. In growth delay analysis, a statistically significant radiosensitization effect was observed for both tumors (p < 0.001 for both tumors). Difference for change in slope for control and valproic acid versus radiotherapy and radiotherapy plus valproic acid showed borderline significance for the U87MG cell line (p=0.065), indicating beyond additive effect, whereas this difference was statistically insignificant for A549 tumor (p=0.951), indicating additive effect. Conclusion Results of this study indicate that a radiosensitizing effect for fractionated radiotherapy of valproic acid for A549 and U87MG tumors in vivo is evident and that it may be more than additive for U87MG tumors. Further exploitation of histone deacetylase inhibitors in clinical trials is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Kyu Chie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Shin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Jae Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ah Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Il Han Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee BM, Chang SK, Ko SY, Yoo SH, Shin HS. Esophageal tolerance to high-dose stereotactic radiosurgery. Radiat Oncol J 2013; 31:234-8. [PMID: 24501712 PMCID: PMC3912238 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2013.31.4.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Esophageal tolerance is needed to guide the safe administration of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). We evaluated comprehensive dose-volume parameters of acute esophageal toxicity in patients with spinal metastasis treated with SRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS From May 2008 to May 2011, 30 cases in 27 patients with spinal metastasis received single fraction SRS to targets neighboring esophagus. Endpoints evaluated include length (mm), volume (mL), maximal dose (Gy), and series of dose-volume thresholds from the dose-volume histogram (volume of the organ treated beyond a threshold dose). RESULTS The median time from the start of irradiation to development of esophageal toxicity was 2 weeks (range, 1 to 12 weeks). Six events of grade 1 esophageal toxicity occurred. No grade 2 or higher events were observed. V15 of external surface of esophagus was found to predict acute esophageal toxicity revealed by multivariate analysis (odds radio = 1.272, p = 0.047). CONCLUSION In patients with spinal metastasis who received SRS for palliation of symptoms, the threshold dose-volume parameter associated with acute esophageal toxicity was found to be V15 of external surface of esophagus. Restrict V15 to external surface of esophagus as low as possible might be safe and feasible in radiosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Mi Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sei Kyung Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung Young Ko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Yoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Shin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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