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Kohl A, Pondeville E, Schnettler E, Crisanti A, Supparo C, Christophides GK, Kersey PJ, Maslen GL, Takken W, Koenraadt CJM, Oliva CF, Busquets N, Abad FX, Failloux AB, Levashina EA, Wilson AJ, Veronesi E, Pichard M, Arnaud Marsh S, Simard F, Vernick KD. Advancing vector biology research: a community survey for future directions, research applications and infrastructure requirements. Pathog Glob Health 2016; 110:164-72. [PMID: 27677378 PMCID: PMC5072118 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2016.1211475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne pathogens impact public health, animal production, and animal welfare. Research on arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies, and midges which transmit pathogens to humans and economically important animals is crucial for development of new control measures that target transmission by the vector. While insecticides are an important part of this arsenal, appearance of resistance mechanisms is increasingly common. Novel tools for genetic manipulation of vectors, use of Wolbachia endosymbiotic bacteria, and other biological control mechanisms to prevent pathogen transmission have led to promising new intervention strategies, adding to strong interest in vector biology and genetics as well as vector-pathogen interactions. Vector research is therefore at a crucial juncture, and strategic decisions on future research directions and research infrastructure investment should be informed by the research community. A survey initiated by the European Horizon 2020 INFRAVEC-2 consortium set out to canvass priorities in the vector biology research community and to determine key activities that are needed for researchers to efficiently study vectors, vector-pathogen interactions, as well as access the structures and services that allow such activities to be carried out. We summarize the most important findings of the survey which in particular reflect the priorities of researchers in European countries, and which will be of use to stakeholders that include researchers, government, and research organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Kohl
- a MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research , Glasgow , UK
| | - Emilie Pondeville
- a MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research , Glasgow , UK
| | - Esther Schnettler
- a MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research , Glasgow , UK
| | - Andrea Crisanti
- b Department of Life Sciences , Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Clelia Supparo
- b Department of Life Sciences , Imperial College London , London , UK
| | | | - Paul J Kersey
- c The European Molecular Biology Laboratory , The European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus , Cambridge , UK
| | - Gareth L Maslen
- c The European Molecular Biology Laboratory , The European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus , Cambridge , UK
| | - Willem Takken
- d Laboratory of Entomology , Wageningen University and Research Centre , Wageningen , The Netherlands
| | | | - Clelia F Oliva
- e Polo d'Innovazione di Genomica, Genetica e Biologia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Núria Busquets
- f Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA) , Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus UAB , Barcelona , Spain
| | - F Xavier Abad
- f Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA) , Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus UAB , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Anna-Bella Failloux
- g Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Department of Virology , Institut Pasteur , Paris cedex 15 , France
| | - Elena A Levashina
- h Department of Vector Biology , Max-Planck-Institut für Infektionsbiologie, Campus Charité Mitte , Berlin , Germany
| | - Anthony J Wilson
- i Integrative Entomology Group, Vector-borne Viral Diseases Programme , The Pirbright Institute , Surrey , UK
| | - Eva Veronesi
- j Swiss National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology , University of Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Maëlle Pichard
- k Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors , Institut Pasteur, Unit of Insect Vector Genetics and Genomics , Paris cedex 15 , France
| | - Sarah Arnaud Marsh
- k Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors , Institut Pasteur, Unit of Insect Vector Genetics and Genomics , Paris cedex 15 , France
| | - Frédéric Simard
- l MIVEGEC "Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle" , UMR IRD224-CNRS5290-Université de Montpellier , Montpellier France
| | - Kenneth D Vernick
- k Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors , Institut Pasteur, Unit of Insect Vector Genetics and Genomics , Paris cedex 15 , France.,m CNRS Unit of Hosts, Vectors and Pathogens (URA3012) , Institut Pasteur , Paris cedex 15 , France
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Abstract
Knowledge of how climate change is likely to influence future virus disease epidemics in cultivated plants and natural vegetation is of great importance to both global food security and natural ecosystems. However, obtaining such knowledge is hampered by the complex effects of climate alterations on the behavior of diverse types of vectors and the ease by which previously unknown viruses can emerge. A review written in 2011 provided a comprehensive analysis of available data on the effects of climate change on virus disease epidemics worldwide. This review summarizes its findings and those of two earlier climate change reviews and focuses on describing research published on the subject since 2011. It describes the likely effects of the full range of direct and indirect climate change parameters on hosts, viruses and vectors, virus control prospects, and the many information gaps and deficiencies. Recently, there has been encouraging progress in understanding the likely effects of some climate change parameters, especially over the effects of elevated CO2, temperature, and rainfall-related parameters, upon a small number of important plant viruses and several key insect vectors, especially aphids. However, much more research needs to be done to prepare for an era of (i) increasingly severe virus epidemics and (ii) increasing difficulties in controlling them, so as to mitigate their detrimental effects on future global food security and plant biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A C Jones
- Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, South Perth, WA, Australia.
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