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Garcia-Velasco N, Carrero JA, Urionabarrenetxea E, Doni L, Zaldibar B, Izagirre U, Soto M. Innovative in vivo and in vitro bioassays for the establishment of toxicity thresholds of pollutants in sediment quality assessment using polychaetes and their immune cells. Chemosphere 2023; 311:136935. [PMID: 36309051 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sediment toxicity testing has become a crucial component for assessing the risks posed by contaminated sediments and for the development of sediment quality assessment strategies. Commonly used organisms for bioassays with estuarine sediments include amphipods, Arenicola marina polychaetes and echinoids. Among the latter, the Sea Urchin Embryo test (SET) is the most widely used. However, one relevant limitation of this bioassay is the unavailability of gametes all year-round, particularly outside the natural spawning seasons. Consequently, the establishment of an appropriate and complementary model organism for a continuous assessment of sediment quality is recommended. A reliable assessment of the hazards resulting from pollutants in sediments or pore water, can be achieved with ecologically relevant species of sediment such as the polychaete Hediste diversicolor, which is widespread in estuaries and has the capacity to accumulate pollutants. The aim of this work was to develop reliable in vivo and in vitro bioassays with H. diversicolor and its coelomocytes (immune cells) to determine the toxicity thresholds of different contaminants bounded to sediments or resuspended into water. Polychaetes were exposed to sublethal concentrations of CuCl2 (in vivo) and a non-invasive method for collection of polychaetes coelomocytes was applied for the in vitro bioassay, exposing cells to a series of CuCl2 and AgNPs concentrations. Same reference toxicants were used to expose Paracentrotus lividus following the SET (ICES Nº 51; Beiras et al., 2012) and obtained toxicity thresholds were compared between the two species. In vivo exposure of polychaetes to high concentrations of Cu produced weight loss and histopathological alterations. After in vitro approaches, a significant decrease in coelomocytes viability was recorded for both toxicants, in a monotonic dose-response curve, at very short-exposure times (2 h). The toxicity thresholds obtained with polychaetes were in line with the ones obtained with the SET, concluding that their sensitivity is similar. In conclusion, in vivo and in vitro bioassays developed with H. diversicolor are accurate toxicity screenings of pollutants that could be bounded to sediments or dissolved in the pore water, and may complement the SET outside the spawning period of the echinoderms. The bioassays herein developed could be applied not only to establish the toxicity thresholds of individual compounds or mixtures, but also to assess the toxicity of field collected sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Garcia-Velasco
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology (CBET) Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Sarriena Auzoa Z/g, 48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE-UPV/EHU, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - J A Carrero
- Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Manuel de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3, 20018 Donostia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - E Urionabarrenetxea
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology (CBET) Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Sarriena Auzoa Z/g, 48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE-UPV/EHU, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - L Doni
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE-UPV/EHU, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - B Zaldibar
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology (CBET) Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Sarriena Auzoa Z/g, 48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE-UPV/EHU, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - U Izagirre
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology (CBET) Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Sarriena Auzoa Z/g, 48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE-UPV/EHU, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M Soto
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology (CBET) Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Sarriena Auzoa Z/g, 48940, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE-UPV/EHU, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua, 48620, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
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Chu SO, Lee C, Noh J, Song SJ, Hong S, Ryu J, Lee JS, Nam J, Kwon BO, Khim JS. Effects of polluted and non-polluted suspended sediments on the oxygen consumption rate of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 154:111113. [PMID: 32319928 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The potential ecological impacts of elevated suspended sediments (SS) in coastal areas due to human activities remain unclear. In particular, physiological response of benthic fish to SS exposure in polluted environment has not been documented. We determined sub-lethal toxicity of polluted and non-polluted SS to olive flounder. Test organism was exposed to varying concentrations of SS (0-4000 mg L-1) and real-time oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured for 12 h. The early-juvenile was sensitive to SS, particularly at >500 mg L-1, but late-juvenile was tolerant up to 4000 mg SS L-1. Metal polluted SS (HQmetal > 1) increased OCR in general, particularly at >1000 SS mg L-1. Combined effect of copper and SS exposure on fish was either synergistic or antagonistic. Overall, potential adverse effect of polluted SS on fish greatly varied at different life stage and/or by metal pollution gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Oh Chu
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changkeun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsung Noh
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joon Song
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department of Ocean Environmental Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongseong Ryu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Anyang University, Ganghwa-gun, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Suk Lee
- Neo Environmental Business Co. (NeoEnBiz), Bucheon 14523, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Nam
- Korea Maritime Institute, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Oh Kwon
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yang J, Xie Y, Jeppe K, Long S, Pettigrove V, Zhang X. Sensitive community responses of microbiota to copper in sediment toxicity test. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:599-608. [PMID: 28892189 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sediment contamination is widespread and can be toxic to aquatic ecosystems and impair human health. Despite their significant ecological function, meio- and microbiota in aquatic ecosystems have been poorly studied in conventional sediment ecotoxicity tests because of the difficulty in sample collecting and identification. In the present study, a novel DNA metabarcoding method was used to assess the effects of spiked copper (Cu) on benthic eukaryotic and prokaryotic communities in laboratory sediment toxicity tests with macroinvertebrates, the chironomid Chironomus tepperi and the amphipod Austrochiltonia subtenuis. In addition to the obvious toxic effects to experimental animals, microbiota (bacteria, protists, algae, and fungi) were significantly altered by spiked Cu in the sediments. The phylogenetic diversity of eukaryotic communities was decreased after spiked-Cu exposure. Even a low-spiked Cu treatment (125 mg/kg) altered structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic communities in the amphipod experiment. The present study demonstrates that measuring microbiota communities will expand our understanding of the influences of contaminants on aquatic ecosystems. Particularly, the alterations of phylogenetic biodiversity of eukaryotic communities and the structure of sedimentary communities are sensitive indicators for sediment contamination, which can be incorporated in the monitoring and assessment of sediment quality. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:599-608. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Katherine Jeppe
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sara Long
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Vincent Pettigrove
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Reichelt-Brushett AJ, Thomas B, Howe PL, Male Y, Clark MW. Characterisation of artisanal mine waste on Buru Island, Indonesia and toxicity to the brittle star Amphipholis squamata. Chemosphere 2017; 189:171-179. [PMID: 28934657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) using mercury (Hg) amalgamation commenced on Buru Island, Indonesia, in 2012, but was halted in 2015 due to concerns of widespread Hg contamination. Much of the Hg used in the mining process is lost to trommel waste which is disposed of in settlement ponds that drain into adjacent waterways and into Kayeli Bay. Several thousand unmanaged trommel sites and associated tailing ponds exist on Buru Island. This study shows that waste from the Marloso trommel at the Gogrea site contained 203 mg/kg total Hg (THg), with a negligible proportion present as bioavailable methyl Hg (MeHg) and a low total organic carbon content. There are currently very few tools available for ecotoxicological risk assessment of mine tailings for tropical marine ecosystems, and we support the development of Tailings Toxicity Tests (TTTs) and describe laboratory toxicity test methods using the cosmopolitan benthic echinoderm Amphipholis squamata. Undiluted trommel waste caused 100% mortality of A. squamata within 48 h, and a 96-h LC50 of 6.7% w/w trommel waste (4 mg/kg THg) was estimated. Sub-lethal effects on the water vascular system of the brittle star were assessed by quantification of the Ability to Right Itself (ARI), and a 48-h EC50 of 7.3% w/w trommel waste (14.4 mg/kg THg) was estimated. The results show that trommel waste produced on Buru Island is highly contaminated with THg and is acutely toxic, raising serious concern for receiving ecosystems where Hg methylation to more toxic and bioavailable forms is likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Reichelt-Brushett
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia; School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia.
| | - Bernard Thomas
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Pelli L Howe
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia; School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Yusthinus Male
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia
| | - Malcolm W Clark
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia; School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
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