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Pereira GM, Egito AA, Gomes RC, Ribas MN, Torres Junior RAA, Fernandes Junior JA, Menezes GRO. Water requirements of beef production can be reduced by genetic selection. Animal 2021; 15:100142. [PMID: 33573956 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing concerns regarding sustainability in agriculture include the availability of drinking water, which is putting pressure on livestock production, especially the beef sector, for more efficient practices. Thus, genetic parameters were estimated for traits related to water intake and water use efficiency in Senepol cattle. Senepol females (n = 925) and males (n = 191) were evaluated in performance tests carried out from 2014 to 2019. Daily dry matter intake (DMI) and water intake (WI) were recorded by electronic feed and water bunks (Intergado Ltd.). Other traits assessed included average daily gain (ADG); mid-test metabolic BW (BW0.75); residual water intake based on ADG (RWIADG), estimated as the residual of the linear regression equation of WI on ADG and BW0.75; residual water intake based on DMI (RWIDMI), estimated as the residual of the linear regression equation of WI on DMI and BW0.75 (RWIDMI); water conversion ratio (= WI/ADG); gross water efficiency (GWE = ADG/WI); residual feed intake estimated as the residual of the linear regression equation of DMI on ADG and BW0.75 (RFI); feed conversion ratio (= DMI/ADG) and gross feed efficiency. Genetic (co)variances were estimated with bivariate analyses. The heritabilities for WI, RWIADG and RWIDMI were 0.38, 0.36 and 0.33, respectively. Water conversion ratio, RWIADG and RWIDMI showed positive genetic and phenotypic correlations with WI, whereas GWE was negatively correlated with WI, suggesting that traits related to water use efficiency may be useful to identify cattle with reduced WI. Water intake showed positive genetic (r = 0.79) and phenotypic (r = 0.60) correlations with DMI, suggesting the use of WI to estimate DMI in future studies. Both RWIADG and RWIDMI were genetically correlated with RFI (0.67 and 0.57, respectively) and ADG (0.49 and 0.44, respectively), showing that RWI is positively associated with feed efficiency, but has an antagonistic relationship with growth. This antagonism, however, may be managed using selection indexes. Genetic improvement of water use efficiency in Senepol cattle is possible through selection and may reduce the water requirements of beef production systems.
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Huson HJ, Kim ES, Godfrey RW, Olson TA, McClure MC, Chase CC, Rizzi R, O'Brien AMP, Van Tassell CP, Garcia JF, Sonstegard TS. Genome-wide association study and ancestral origins of the slick-hair coat in tropically adapted cattle. Front Genet 2014; 5:101. [PMID: 24808908 PMCID: PMC4010767 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The slick hair coat (SLICK) is a dominantly inherited trait typically associated with tropically adapted cattle that are from Criollo descent through Spanish colonization of cattle into the New World. The trait is of interest relative to climate change, due to its association with improved thermo-tolerance and subsequent increased productivity. Previous studies localized the SLICK locus to a 4 cM region on chromosome (BTA) 20 and identified signatures of selection in this region derived from Senepol cattle. The current study compares three slick-haired Criollo-derived breeds including Senepol, Carora, and Romosinuano and three additional slick-haired cross-bred lineages to non-slick ancestral breeds. Genome-wide association (GWA), haplotype analysis, signatures of selection, runs of homozygosity (ROH), and identity by state (IBS) calculations were used to identify a 0.8 Mb (37.7-38.5 Mb) consensus region for the SLICK locus on BTA20 in which contains SKP2 and SPEF2 as possible candidate genes. Three specific haplotype patterns are identified in slick individuals, all with zero frequency in non-slick individuals. Admixture analysis identified common genetic patterns between the three slick breeds at the SLICK locus. Principal component analysis (PCA) and admixture results show Senepol and Romosinuano sharing a higher degree of genetic similarity to one another with a much lesser degree of similarity to Carora. Variation in GWA, haplotype analysis, and IBS calculations with accompanying population structure information supports potentially two mutations, one common to Senepol and Romosinuano and another in Carora, effecting genes contained within our refined location for the SLICK locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Huson
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA ; Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Eui-Soo Kim
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services Beltsville, MD, USA ; Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University Ames, IA, USA
| | - Robert W Godfrey
- Agricultural Experiment Station, University of the Virgin Islands St. Croix, Virgin Islands
| | - Timothy A Olson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Florida Gainsville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew C McClure
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services Beltsville, MD, USA ; Irish Cattle Breeding Federation Cork, Ireland
| | - Chad C Chase
- Meat Animal Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Rita Rizzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Milan University Milan, Italy
| | - Ana M P O'Brien
- Division of Livestock Sciences, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria
| | - Curt P Van Tassell
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - José F Garcia
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista Brazil
| | - Tad S Sonstegard
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services Beltsville, MD, USA
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