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Cappe E, Despax J, Pedoux A, Zylberberg P, Chaste P, De Gaulmyn A, Doyen C, Pommepuy N. Parental involvement and adjustment during the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder at two diagnostic centers. Encephale 2024:S0013-7006(24)00046-0. [PMID: 38523027 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of permanent, mediated parental presence during all autism spectrum disorder diagnostic evaluations on parental adjustment (perceived parental stress and sense of parental competence) compared with procedures that traditionally only involve parents in pivotal periods of the diagnosis. The level of satisfaction with the diagnostic procedure and parents' needs were also evaluated to complete this first objective. The secondary objective was to assess the effects of psychosocial, individual, and contextual variables on perceived parental stress and sense of parental competence. METHODS The total sample of 49 parents was divided (using simple randomization) into two subgroups, each for a different procedure. Participants were met with once before the first consultation and once after. They completed self-reported questionnaires on parental stress, sense of parental competence, satisfaction with the procedure, social support, locus of control, and appraisal of life events. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPAD and SPSS software. RESULTS There was no difference between the two groups in the variables assessed. Satisfaction with the diagnostic procedure was high in both groups, but parents highlighted that they had important needs following the diagnosis. The child's level of autonomy, the presence of disruptive behaviors, and satisfaction with social support were found to be important for determining parental adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Several hypotheses may explain the lack of differences between the two groups, including that parents may not yet have been in a position to benefit from the procedure aimed at integrating them. Our suggestion is that professional interventions should focus on improving the child's autonomy and helping the parent to develop a satisfactory support network. Finally, parents' needs for the post-diagnosis phase should be given greater consideration, particularly in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Cappe
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Institut universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
| | - Johanna Despax
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Amandine Pedoux
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Zylberberg
- Unité de psychiatrie pédiatrique, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pauline Chaste
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, AP-HP, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aude De Gaulmyn
- CREDAT, centre de recherche de d'évaluation des troubles du neurodéveloppement, GHU Paris psychiatrie et neurosciences, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Doyen
- CREDAT, centre de recherche de d'évaluation des troubles du neurodéveloppement, GHU Paris psychiatrie et neurosciences, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Noël Pommepuy
- Pôle de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent 93I05, EPS Ville-Evrard, 93330 Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
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Burgué H, Trensz P, Mathelin C, Schohn A. [Can health forums dedicated to breast cancer be useful to caregivers? Analysis of initial messages on the National League Against Cancer forum over a one-year period]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2024:S2468-7189(24)00042-4. [PMID: 38342238 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Forums are a source of health information and exchange. They can be studied to determine patients' needs and improve caregivers' practices. The aim of this study was to identify the needs of breast cancer patients based on messages posted on a discussion forum. METHODS Initial messages posted in 2021 on the Ligue nationale contre le cancer (LNCC) breast cancer forum were analyzed quantitatively. Message content was classified into three categories: testimonial, request for advice or request for medical opinion. The tone of the message (positive, neutral, or negative) was recorded. The temporality of the illness during which the patient expressed herself was defined. Analysis was carried out on the initial messages using the Chi2, Fisher, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with a significance level of<0.05. RESULTS In 2021, 640 initial messages posted on the LNCC forum dedicated to breast cancer were analyzed. Messages were posted by 312 authors, including 275 patients and 37 family members. Three main types of messages were identified: requests for medical advice (n=339), advice (n=164), and testimonials (n=137). Requests for medical advice elicited fewer responses than testimonials (P<0.001). A need for supportive care was identified in 42.8% of messages, mostly concerning social (17.3%) and psychological (13%) care. CONCLUSION Our study revealed a need for more information especially regarding the social impact of the disease and the side-effects of treatment. The period of greatest need of information was the diagnostic waiting time. However, patients using discussion forums are not representative of all women with breast cancer and our results should not be generalized to all patients treated for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Burgué
- Département de médecine générale, médecine générale de Dijon, université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Trensz
- Pôle évaluation, soins support et accompagnement, ICANS, avenue Albert-Calmette, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carole Mathelin
- Service de chirurgie, ICANS, CHRU, avenue Albert-Calmette, 67200 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Anna Schohn
- Pôle évaluation, soins support et accompagnement, ICANS, avenue Albert-Calmette, 67200 Strasbourg, France
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Bussoletti M, Castro D, Zebdi R, Matar Touma V. Prevalence of depression and protective factors in a population of children aged 8 to 10 years, suffering from specific learning disorders, in a special education and home care service (SESSAD). Encephale 2023:S0013-7006(23)00153-7. [PMID: 37813722 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate the prevalence of depression in a population of children aged 8 to 10 years with learning disabilities treated in a Special Education and Home Care Service (SESSAD) and identify the protective factors that might preserve these children from depressive and affective problems. METHODS Twenty children, aged 8 to 10, with learning disabilities were evaluated prior to their admission in SESSAD. Depression had been assessed through the Multiscore Depression Inventory for Children (MDIC), adapted to the French population as well as their developmental position in relation with their perceptual maturity of their body schema, through the Draw your family drawing. The protective factors were assessed through the qualitative analysis of the stories told on the Draw your family projective drawing and card 4, 9, 20 of The Socialization Test for Children (TSEA). Quantitative data were computed through descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests (Spearman's correlation test) by the jamovi© statistic software (V.2.3.24), and the qualitative data were analyzed through thematic content analysis and lexical text analysis through the TROPES software (V.8.3). RESULTS Quantitative data showed for the entire group: (1) a perceptual maturity delay of the body schema in 75% of the sample; (2) a low incidence of depression in this population with, however, 40% of the sample, (aged 8 and 9) displaying a critical threshold for feelings of helplessness. The qualitative analysis of the Draw your family and TSEA stories allowed to underline some of the protective factors against depression and those which refer, in decreasing order, to the social support given by family members, peers, and the emotional substitutes (animals). CONCLUSIONS This research highlighted the precocity of the feelings of helplessness in this population and the importance given by these children to the social support. These findings and future research on the topic might be used to guide the design and implementation of adjusted interventions addressing both the development of their learning capability and psychological empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bussoletti
- Service d'éducation spéciale et de soins à domicile (SESSAD), association trisomie 21, 7, rue Max-Carpentier, 27470 Serquigny, France
| | - Dana Castro
- Université Paris Nanterre, UFR SPSE, UR CLIPSYD, 200, avenue de la République, 92000 Nanterre, France.
| | - Rafika Zebdi
- Université Paris Nanterre, UFR SPSE, UR CLIPSYD, 200, avenue de la République, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - Viviane Matar Touma
- Faculté des lettres et des sciences humaines, laboratoire de psychologie Clinique et Cognitive (LPCC), université-saint Joseph, Beyrouth, Liban
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Wijekoon S, Wilson W, Gowan N, Ferreira L, Phadke C, Udler E, Bontempo T. Experiences of Occupational Performance in Survivors of Stroke Attending Peer Support Groups. Can J Occup Ther 2020; 87:173-181. [PMID: 32115988 DOI: 10.1177/0008417420905707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Survivors of stroke often experience environmental isolation and decreased occupational performance after discharge from the hospital. Peer groups benefit psychological, social, and cognitive functioning, though few studies have examined their influence on occupational performance of survivors of stroke. PURPOSE. This study explores the experiences of occupational performance in survivors of stroke attending an outpatient peer support group. METHOD. An interpretive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with seven survivors of stroke attending an outpatient peer support group. Data was thematically analyzed. FINDINGS. Four themes related to the experience of peer support on occupational performance emerged: finding hope to return to meaningful occupation, a place for belonging, problem-solving occupational concerns, and finding purpose beyond oneself. IMPLICATIONS. This research adds to the existing literature that peer support groups help survivors of stroke reengage in meaningful occupations, manage their stroke experience, and move positively through recovery.
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Maunder RG, Nolan RP, Park JS, James R, Newton G. Social support and the consequences of heart failure compared with other cardiac diseases: The contribution of support received within an attachment relationship. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 108:437-45. [PMID: 26073228 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interpersonal support is protective in heart disease, but sources of support and the quality of support may change over time, especially with aging and disease progression. AIMS To determine if support received within an attachment relationship with a spouse is more protective than other types. METHODS Subjects were sex- and age-matched cardiac outpatients with (n=40) or without (n=43) heart failure; they were studied with an observer-rated measure of attachment and self-report measures of other variables. RESULTS Having heart failure was associated with more depressive symptoms and illness intrusiveness. Although perceived social support did not differ in people with or without heart failure, those with heart failure had a spouse as the primary source of attachment functions less frequently than those without heart failure (50% vs 79%; P=0.006). Not having a spouse as the main provider of attachment functions was a partial mediator of the relationship between disease type (heart failure or no heart failure) and depressive symptoms (β=-0.24, t=-2.2; P=0.03) and deficits in non-attachment support made a further independent contribution (β=-0.24, t=-2.4; P=0.02). Neither perceived social support nor having a spouse serving attachment needs made a significant contribution to illness intrusiveness. CONCLUSION Having someone other than a spouse to provide attachment support is more common in cardiac patients who have heart failure and is associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Maunder
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Room 915, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600, University Avenue, M5G 1X5 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Robert P Nolan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Behavioural Cardiology Research Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jamie S Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Room 915, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600, University Avenue, M5G 1X5 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard James
- Department of Cardiology, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary Newton
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Dorard G, Bungener C, Corcos M, Berthoz S. [Self-esteem, coping, perceived social support and substance use in young adults with a cannabis dependence disorder]. Encephale 2013; 40:255-62. [PMID: 23928065 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-esteem, coping strategies and perceived social support play a role in the adaptive functioning of the human being: they allow the adjustment of the subject to his/her environment. These dimensions could be protective factors regarding multiple risks associated with adolescent development, and particularly substance use. Thus our objective was twofold: to evaluate self-esteem, coping strategies and perceived social support in adolescents and young adults with a cannabis dependence in comparison with subjects from the general population; to establish the correspondence between these psychological dimensions and the patients' substance use pattern. METHOD Data from 43 young patients (36 males; mean age=19.6±3), consulting for their cannabis dependence, and 50 young adults from the general population (39 males; mean age=19.7±3.4) were included. Participants completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory, the Social Self-Esteem Inventory of Lawson, the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation of Endler & Parker, and the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire of Sarason. The MINI was administered to evaluate cannabis abuse or dependence; a semi-structured clinical interview was given to determine psychoactive substance use. RESULTS Between-group comparisons (two independent sample t-tests) showed that the patients had significantly lower scores on global (P=0.002) and social (P=0.035) self-esteem, task-oriented coping (P<0.001) and both availability and satisfaction regarding perceived social support (respectively P=0.029 and P<0.001). Conversely, patients had significantly higher scores on emotion-focused coping subscale (P=0.003). Logistic regressions showed that the satisfaction regarding social support and task-oriented coping scores were the more powerful to distinguish the patients from the controls (respectively β=1.16, P=0.043 and β=1.06, P=0.015). Unvaried linear regression analyses revealed a negative association between the age of first cannabis use and the avoidant-social coping score (P=0.025), and positive associations between the length of daily cannabis use and emotion-focused coping score (P=0.028), and frequency of cannabis use and global self-esteem scores (P=0.028). Moreover, polysubstance misuse is associated with low distraction-avoidant coping scores. No association was found between clinical scores and tobacco and alcohol uses variables. CONCLUSION These results suggest that cannabis dependent patients may present a lack in individual and interpersonal resources. This clinical study underscores the potential contribution of maladaptive coping to the development or maintenance of substance use in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dorard
- EA 4057, laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, IUPDP, institut Henri-Piéron, université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 71, avenue Édouard-Vaillant, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - C Bungener
- EA 4057, laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, IUPDP, institut Henri-Piéron, université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 71, avenue Édouard-Vaillant, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - M Corcos
- Inserm U669 PSIGIAM, universités Paris Descartes et Paris-Sud, Cochin-maison des adolescents, 97, boulevard Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France; Département de psychiatrie de l'adolescent et du jeune adulte, institut mutualiste Montsouris, 42, boulevard Jourdan, 75674 Paris cedex 14, France
| | - S Berthoz
- Inserm U669 PSIGIAM, universités Paris Descartes et Paris-Sud, Cochin-maison des adolescents, 97, boulevard Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France; Département de psychiatrie de l'adolescent et du jeune adulte, institut mutualiste Montsouris, 42, boulevard Jourdan, 75674 Paris cedex 14, France
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