1
|
Zhang SS, Yuan CQ, Liang Y, Shen CZ, Li LF. First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus infecting Helichrysum bracteatum in China. Plant Dis 2023. [PMID: 37272047 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-23-0683-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Strawflower (Helichrysum bracteatum, Asteraceae) , an annual or biennial herb, is one of the most popular flowers in the world because of the colorful flowers and the long flowering period. However, the ornamental plants belonging to Asteraceae are susceptible to numerous viruses such as cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) (Cucumovirus, Bromoviridae) , potato virus Y (Potyvirus, Potyviridae), tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) (Tobamovirus, Virgaviridae), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (Tobamovirus, Virgaviridae), chrysanthemum virus B (CVB) (Carlavirus, Betaflexiviridae), tomato aspermy virus (TAV) (Cucumovirus, Bromoviridae), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (Orthotospovirus tomatomaculae, Tospoviridae), and impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) (Orthotospovirus impatiensnecromaculae, Orthotospovirus) resulting in severe yield loss (Verma et al. 2003; Raj et al. 2007; Kondo et al. 2011; Liu et al. 2014; Marys et al. 2014; Min et al. 2020; Gautam et al. 2021; Read et al. 2022; Supakitthanakorn et al. 2022). Among these viruses, the TSWV, a thrips-transmitted negative-stranded RNA virus, is well known to cause viral disease in several plant species while is less reported in Helichrysum, especially in China. In April 2021, viral attack symptoms were detected on the leaves of H. bracteatum during our routine checks in the greenhouse located at Shunyi District, Beijing, China, such as wilting, shrinking, chlorotic blotches, chlorotic ring spots. To investigate the virus infecting H. bracteatum, in total of 25 symptomatic and 5 asymptomatic leaves were sampled and tested by the effective double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using antisera against CMV, PVY/PVX, ToMV, TMV, CVB, TAV, TSWV, INSV, separately (Agdia, USA). Only the TSWV showed positive in symptomatic samples, and asymptomatic samples were all negative, which implied TSWV infection. To further confirm the virus type of TSWV isolated from H. bracteatum samples, the genomic RNA of the virus was isolated using reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and then was cloned, sequenced and analyzed. Total RNA of five symptomatic leaves (ELISA-positive) were extracted using the FastPure Plant Total RNA Isolation Kit (Vazyme, China), and then were reverse transcribed by HiScript II Reverse Transcriptase (Vazyme, China). Each genome segments were amplified using Phanta Max Super-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (Vazyme, China) with TSWV-specific primers newly designed and listed in Table S1. The PCR setup was as follow: 95°C for 30 s, followed by 35 cycles at 95°C for 30 s, 55°C for 30 s, and 72°C for 1.5 min, with a final extension at 72°C for 10 min. All PCR products were cloned into the TA/Blunt-Zero vector (Vazyme, China) and sequenced (GENEWIZ, Inc.). We assembled and then analyzed the evolutionary relationship of three genomic fragments, that is, TSWV-BJFC-Hb S (2923 bp), M (4785 bp) and L (8971 bp) using the BLAST tools. The results showed high similarity with TSWV-henan isolated from pepper in China (99.6% to TSWV-S (MT799179.1), 99.8 % to TSWV-M (MT799178.1) and 99.8 % TSWV-L (MT799177.1)). These sequences have been submitted to the GenBank (OM982910, OM982911 and OM937131). Taking all of these evidences together, the viral disease observed in H. bracteatum was closely associated with TSWV. TSWV is currently widespread in China, infecting Nasturtium, Chrysanthemum and cowpea (Xiao et al. 2015; Hu et al. 2018; Yu et al. 2021). Epidemics of TSWV have also been reported in several other countries such as Korea, North Carolina, Turkey and India (Renukadevi et al. 2015; Koehler et al. 2016; Kwak et al. 2021; Erilmez, S. 2022). This is the first report of TSWV infection on H. bracteatum in China. Due to the fast spread and serious economic losses of TSWV, the rapid detection may be the essential way to prevent this viral disease among crops (Macharia et al. 2014).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yan Liang
- No. 8 South Xiangshan Road, Unit 21-3, Haidian DistrictBeijing, China, 101399;
| | - Chu-Ze Shen
- Beijing Florascape Co Ltd Research Institute, 513352, Beijing International Flower Port, Beijing, China, 100061;
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qiao N, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang D, Chi W, Li J, Zhu X, Liu H, Li F. Antagonism of tomato spotted wilt virus against tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Nicotiana benthamiana detected by transcriptome analysis. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:23-37. [PMID: 36371493 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) are highly harmful viruses in agricultural production, which can cause serious economic losses to crops and even devastating consequences for vegetable yield in some countries and regions. Although the two viruses belong to different families and have different transmission vectors, they share most hosts. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the transcriptomic expression of single and mixed inoculations of TSWV and TYLCV, leading to antagonism using high-throughput RNA sequencing. METHODS We confirmed the single and mixed infections of these viruses in Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) by artificial inoculation. And the expression changes of related genes and their biological functions and pathways during the mixed infection of TSWV and TYLCV were analyzed by comparative transcriptome. RESULTS Basically, similar symptoms were observed in the plants singly infected with TSWV and co-infected with TYLCV; the symptoms of TYLCV in the co-infected plants were not obvious compared with single TYLCV infections. When inoculated with TYLCV, the accumulation of the virus significantly reduced in single and mixed infections with TSWV; the TSWV accumulated slightly less in co-infection with TYLCV, whereas this reduction was much smaller than that of TYLCV. The results suggested that TSWV had an antagonistic effect on the accumulation of TYLCV in N. benthamiana. It mainly focused on the changes in unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by the co-infection of TSWV and TYLCV. The eight pathways enriched by upregulated DEGs mainly included amino acid biosynthesis, citrate cycle (or tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle), and so on. However, only pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and peptidoglycan biosynthesis could be downregulated in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway in which peptidoglycan biosynthesis was involved in upregulated and downregulated pathways. CONCLUSIONS The antagonistic effect of TSWV on TYLCV in N.benthamiana and the change trends and specific pathways of DEGs in this process were found. Our study provided new insights into the host regulation and competition between viruses in response to TSWV and TYLCV mixed infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Qiao
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China.,College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yongguang Liu
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Dezhen Zhang
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjuan Chi
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Jintang Li
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Fajun Li
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lv J, Deng M, Jiang S, Zhu H, Li Z, Wang Z, Li J, Yang Z, Yue Y, Xu J, Zhao K. Mapping and functional characterization of the tomato spotted wilt virus resistance gene SlCHS3 in Solanum lycopersicum. Mol Breed 2022; 42:55. [PMID: 37313421 PMCID: PMC10248591 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) poses a serious threat to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production. In this study, tomato inbred line YNAU335 was developed without the Sw-5 locus, which confers resistance or immunity to TSWV (absence of infection). Genetic analysis demonstrated that immunity to TSWV was controlled by a dominant nuclear gene. The candidate genes were mapped into a 20-kb region in the terminal of the long arm of chromosome 9 using bulk segregant analysis and linkage analysis. In this candidate region, a chalcone synthase-encoding gene (SlCHS3) was identified as a strong candidate gene for TSWV resistance. Silencing SlCHS3 reduced flavonoid synthesis, and SlCHS3 overexpression increased flavonoid content. The increase in flavonoids improved TSWV resistance in tomato. These findings indicate that SlCHS3 is indeed involved in the regulation of flavonoid synthesis and plays a significant role in TSWV resistance of YNAU335. This could provide new insights and lay the foundation for analyzing TSWV resistance mechanisms. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01325-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junheng Lv
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Minghua Deng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Shurui Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Haishan Zhu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Zuosen Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Ziran Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Zhengan Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Yanling Yue
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Junqiang Xu
- Dian-Tai Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Agriculture Industrialization of Yunnan Province, YunnanAgricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan T, Wang Z, Lan S, Gan X. Design, synthesis, antiviral activity, and mechanisms of novel ferulic acid derivatives containing amide moiety. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106054. [PMID: 35905694 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
To explore the novel compounds with high antiviral activity, three series ferulic acid derivatives containing amide moiety were gradually designed and synthesized based on antiviral activity tracking. The bioassay results exhibited that some target compounds had notable antiviral activities against tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Compounds Y1, Y2, Y8, Z1 and Z2 presented splendid curative, protective, and inactivating activities to TSWV and CMV at 500 μg/mL. Especially, these compounds displayed outstanding inactivating effects on TSWV with the EC50 values of 225.9, 126.1, 224.6, 216.1, and 147.3 μg/mL, which were superior to ningnanmycin (249.1 μg/mL) and ribavirin (315.7 μg/mL). Furthermore, the antiviral mechanisms of compound Y2 were investigated by conducting microscale thermophoresis experiment and molecular docking experiment. The results suggested that compound Y2 performed excellent binding affinity to TSWV coat protein (TSWV CP) with the binding constant of 2.14 μM, which due to two strong hydrogen bonds of compound Y2 to the key amino acids ARG94 of TSWV CP. Therefore, compound Y2 can be regarded as a leading structure for development of the potential antiviral agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhengxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shichao Lan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China; School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Xiuhai Gan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sharma N, Prasad A, Prasad M. Role of the Sw5 Gene Cluster in the Fight against Plant Viruses. J Virol 2022; 96:e0208421. [PMID: 34985996 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02084-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sw5 gene cluster furnishes robust resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato, which has led to its widespread applicability in agriculture. Among the five orthologs, Sw5b functions as a resistance gene against a broad-spectrum tospovirus and is linked with tospovirus resistance. However, its paralog Sw5a has been recently implicated in providing resistance against Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, broadening the relevance of the Sw5 gene cluster in promoting defense against plant viruses. We propose that plants have established modifications within the homologs of R genes that permit identification of different effector proteins and provide broad and robust resistance against different pathogens through activation of the hypersensitive response and cell death.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kwon SJ, Cho YE, Byun HS, Kwak HR, Seo JK. A multiplex RT-PCR assay for detection of emergent pepper Tsw resistance-breaking variants of tomato spotted wilt virus in South Korea. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 61:101792. [PMID: 35041994 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a highly destructive virus for pepper. Introgression of the resistance gene Tsw in pepper is used to manage TSWV worldwide; however, the occurrence of Tsw resistance-breaking (RB) variants threatens the pepper industry. Here, we developed a multiplex reverse-transcription PCR assay for detection of recently emerged Tsw RB variants in South Korea with high specificity and sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Jung Kwon
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seong Byun
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Ryun Kwak
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Kyun Seo
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea; Department of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han J, Rotenberg D. Integration of transcriptomics and network analysis reveals co-expressed genes in Frankliniella occidentalis larval guts that respond to tomato spotted wilt virus infection. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:810. [PMID: 34758725 PMCID: PMC8582212 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gut is the first barrier to infection by viruses that are internally borne and transmitted persistently by arthropod vectors to plant and animal hosts. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), a plant-pathogenic virus, is transmitted exclusively by thrips vectors in a circulative-propagative manner. Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips), the principal thrips vector of TSWV, is transmission-competent only if the virus is acquired by young larvae. To begin to understand the larval gut response to TSWV infection and accumulation, a genome-assisted, transcriptomic analysis of F. occidentalis gut tissues of first (early L1) and second (early L2 and late L2) instar larvae was conducted using RNA-Seq to identify differentially-expressed transcripts (DETs) in response to TSWV compared to non-exposed cohorts. Results The larval gut responded in a developmental stage-dependent manner, with the majority of DETs (71%) associated with the early L1 stage at a time when virus infection is limited to the midgut epithelium. Provisional annotations of these DETs inferred roles in digestion and absorption, insect innate immunity, and detoxification. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis using all assembled transcripts of the gut transcriptome revealed eight gene modules that distinguish larval development. Intra-module interaction network analysis of the three most DET-enriched modules revealed ten central hub genes. Droplet digital PCR-expression analyses of select network hub and connecting genes revealed temporal changes in gut expression during and post exposure to TSWV. Conclusions These findings expand our understanding of the developmentally-mediated interaction between thrips vectors and orthotospoviruses, and provide opportunities for probing pathways for biomarkers of thrips vector competence. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08100-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Han
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, USA
| | - Dorith Rotenberg
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kwon SJ, Cho YE, Kwon OH, Kang HG, Seo JK. Resistance-Breaking Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Variant that Recently Occurred in Pepper in South Korea is a Genetic Reassortant. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2771-2775. [PMID: 33973809 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-21-0205-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a destructive viral pathogen in various crops, including pepper. Although the single dominant gene Tsw has been utilized in pepper breeding to confer resistance to TSWV, the occurrence of TSWV variants that overcome Tsw-mediated resistance has been reported in various countries after several years of growing resistant cultivars. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of a resistance-breaking TSWV variant (TSWV-YI) that recently emerged in pepper in South Korea. TSWV-YI infected all of the resistant pepper cultivars tested. The phylogenetic and recombination analyses of the complete TSWV-YI genome sequence showed that it is a reassortant that acquired its L and M RNA segments from the existing South Korean TSWV population and its S RNA in an isolate from another country. Given that TSWV-YI is a resistance-breaking variant, it appears that reassortment of the S RNA led to the emergence of this variant that breaks the Tsw gene in pepper grown in South Korea. Our results suggest that resistance-breaking TSWV variants are a potential threat to pepper production in South Korea and that strategies to manage these variants should be developed to ensure sustainable pepper production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Jung Kwon
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Hun Kwon
- Yeongyang Pepper Research Institute, Gyeongsangbukdo Agricultural Research and Extension Service, Yeongyang 36532, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Gon Kang
- Yongin City Agricultural Technology Center, Yongin 17167, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Kyun Seo
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Joseph SV, Koike ST. Could Broccoli and Cauliflower Influence the Dispersal Dynamics of Western Flower Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to Lettuce in the Salinas Valley of California? Environ Entomol 2021; 50:995-1005. [PMID: 34091680 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is an important, worldwide vector of two tospoviruses (Family Bunyaviridae; Genus Tospovirus), Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). In the Salinas Valley of California, INSV causes severe necrosis, stunting, and crop losses to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Because broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) are major rotation crops with lettuce in the Salinas Valley, it is critical to understand if these Brassicas influence the dispersal dynamics of F. occidentalis. In 2013 and 2014, surveys were conducted evaluating yellow sticky cards and plant samples in lettuce, broccoli, and cauliflower fields in three regions of the Salinas Valley. F. occidentalis were collected on sticky cards from April to November and on foliage in all three regions. Two-choice oviposition assays as well as no-choice and two-choice feeding assays were conducted where F. occidentalis adults were exposed to leaves of lettuce, broccoli, and cauliflower. A significantly greater number of eggs was found on lettuce than on broccoli or cauliflower leaves in the choice assay, whereas for the broccoli and cauliflower choice assay, the number of eggs retrieved was low and not significantly different between hosts. The number of F. occidentalis feeding spots and leaf area injury ratings were similar on broccoli and lettuce leaves but were significantly lower on cauliflower than on lettuce and broccoli leaves. The implications of these results on thrips and plant virus management are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimat V Joseph
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pidigam S, Thuraga V, Munnam SB, Amarapalli G, Kuraba G, Pandravada SR, Nimmarajula S, Sudini HK. Genetic diversity, population structure and validation of SSR markers linked to Sw-5 and I-2 genes in tomato germplasm. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2021; 27:1695-1710. [PMID: 34539111 PMCID: PMC8405757 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Tomato is the world's second largest cultivated vegetable crop. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and fusarium wilt (FW) are the two major biotic stresses in India limiting tomato production. Identification and utilization of resistant lines to realize the full genetic potential of varieties for yield gain is an eco-friendly approach. The present research work involved genetic diversity study of 48 genotypes, augmented from different exotic, and indigenous sources belonging to three species using SSR markers. A total of 195 alleles were generated by employing 84 polymorphic markers. The PIC value was ranged from 0.12 to 0.93. Two sub-populations (K = 2) were revealed by model based structure analysis. The cluster analysis using the UPGMA method classified the genotypes into 6 clusters. Pusa Ruby, EC-310310 and EC-620452 were found to be highly diverse. Molecular characterization of 48 genotypes with SSR markers divulged seven genotypes with Sw-5 gene and nine genotypes with I-2 gene showing resistance to TSWV and FW, respectively and further, on artificial screening, they were found to be phenotypically resistant. Out of 195 alleles generated from 84 polymorphic SSR markers, 43 alleles from 26 SSR markers were identified with positive average allele effect distributed across nine chromosomes and positive average allele effect was identified for the average weight of the fruit, the number of fruits formed per plant, and fusarium wilt PDI score. Fruit weight and fruit yield per plant registered a significant and positive correlations. The identified genotypes with varied backgrounds and performances will be very useful as diversified sources in resistant breeding programs of tomato. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-01037-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saidaiah Pidigam
- College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 030 India
- Administrative Block, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Mulugu, Siddipet District, Telangana 502 279 India
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticulture University, Mojerla, Wanaparthy District, Telangana 509 382 India
| | - Vishnukiran Thuraga
- College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 030 India
| | - Suchandranath Babu Munnam
- College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 030 India
| | - Geetha Amarapalli
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Palem, Nagarkurnool District, Telangana 509 215 India
| | - Gopal Kuraba
- Administrative Block, Dr. YSR Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, 534 101 India
| | - Someswara Rao Pandravada
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 030 India
| | - Srinivas Nimmarajula
- College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 030 India
| | - Hari Kishan Sudini
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana 502 324 India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kormelink R, Verchot J, Tao X, Desbiez C. The Bunyavirales: The Plant-Infecting Counterparts. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050842. [PMID: 34066457 PMCID: PMC8148189 DOI: 10.3390/v13050842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative-strand (-) RNA viruses (NSVs) comprise a large and diverse group of viruses that are generally divided in those with non-segmented and those with segmented genomes. Whereas most NSVs infect animals and humans, the smaller group of the plant-infecting counterparts is expanding, with many causing devastating diseases worldwide, affecting a large number of major bulk and high-value food crops. In 2018, the taxonomy of segmented NSVs faced a major reorganization with the establishment of the order Bunyavirales. This article overviews the major plant viruses that are part of the order, i.e., orthospoviruses (Tospoviridae), tenuiviruses (Phenuiviridae), and emaraviruses (Fimoviridae), and provides updates on the more recent ongoing research. Features shared with the animal-infecting counterparts are mentioned, however, special attention is given to their adaptation to plant hosts and vector transmission, including intra/intercellular trafficking and viral counter defense to antiviral RNAi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kormelink
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanmarie Verchot
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee HJ, Cho IS, Ju HJ, Jeong RD. Rapid and visual detection of tomato spotted wilt virus using recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow strips. Mol Cell Probes 2021; 57:101727. [PMID: 33789127 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2021.101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is economically important in Korea as it causes significant losses to a wide range of important ornamental and vegetable crops. Therefore, a rapid detection method is imperative for TSWV diagnosis. Specific primers and probes were designed based on the conserved sequences of the TSWV coat protein gene. In this study, an isothermal reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) assay, combined with lateral flow strips (LFS), was established for rapid detection of TSWV in pepper infected leaves. The RT-RPA reaction was performed at an optimal condition of 38 °C for 10 min and an LFS incubation time of approximately 5 min. There was no cross-reactivity with other viruses infecting pepper such as cucumber mosaic virus, pepper mottle virus, pepper mild mottle virus, and broad bean wilt virus 2, thus confirming the specificity of RT-RPA-LFS. The sensitivity of the RT-RPA assay was similar to that of RT-PCR, and RT-RPA-LFS was successfully applied to detect TSWV in the pepper samples collected from the field. Thus, RT-RPA-LFS assay might be a promising candidate for quick diagnosis of TSWV-infected pepper plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61185, South Korea
| | - In-Sook Cho
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, South Korea
| | - Ho-Jong Ju
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, South Korea
| | - Rae-Dong Jeong
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61185, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yoon JB, Choi SK, Cho IS, Kwon TR, Yang CY, Seo MH, Yoon JY. Epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt virus in Chrysanthemum morifolium in South Korea and its management using a soil-dwelling predatory mite (Stratiolaelaps scimitus) and essential oils. Virus Res 2020; 289:198128. [PMID: 32846194 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of most destructive viruses in vegetable and ornamental crop production worldwide. A greenhouse survey to determine the incidence of TSWV in Chrysanthemummorifolium Ramat. was conducted during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons in South Korea. TSWV was detected using a double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and positive results were confirmed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A total of 1569 chrysanthemum plants (70.77 %) tested positive for TSWV among 2217 symptomatic chrysanthemum plants collected from 16 greenhouses. In addition, 116 thrips (72.96 %; Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) that contained TSWV were identified using RT-PCR from a total of 159 thrips collected from the greenhouses during the survey. A high incidence of viruliferous thrips may have played a role in TSWV occurrence in the chrysanthemum greenhouse. To develop a novel approach for thrips management, the effectiveness of a soil-dwelling predatory mite (Stratiolaelaps scimitus Berlese) and 45 essential oils (as bio-insecticides applied via foliar treatment) was assayed. Four essential oils (cinnamon oil, cinnamon bark oil, oregano oil, and thyme oil) were shown to be significantly toxic to eggs, larvae, and adults of F. occidentalis. For the combined treatment, individuals of S. scimitus (60/m2) were placed on the soil in the chrysanthemum greenhouses. Then, a mixture of the four essential oils was applied as foliar treatment at 4-day intervals. A very low incidence of thrips emerged as adults from the soil (1.2-8.5 %) in the combined treatment in the chrysanthemum greenhouses when surveyed twice per month, compared with the non-treated control or when conventional insecticide sprays were applied. The incidence of TSWV (0.93 %) in chrysanthemum treated with S. scimitus in conjunction with the mixture of four essential oils decreased significantly compared with that treated with chemical insecticides (32.05 %) and in the non-treated controls (84.85 %). Our findings contribute to the development of novel strategies to control TSWV disease in chrysanthemum plants; notably, the control of F. occidentalis using eco-friendly insecticides appears promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Beom Yoon
- Division of Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, South Korea
| | - Seung-Kook Choi
- Division of Research Planning and Coordination, Rural Development Administration, Jeon-Ju, 55365, South Korea
| | - In-Sook Cho
- Division of Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, South Korea
| | - Tae-Ryong Kwon
- Division of Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, South Korea
| | - Chang-Yeol Yang
- Division of Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, South Korea
| | - Mi-Hye Seo
- Division of Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, South Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Yoon
- Division of Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Terret-Welter Z, Bonnet G, Moury B, Gallois JL. Analysis of tomato spotted wilt virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase adaptative evolution and constrained domains using homology protein structure modelling. J Gen Virol 2020; 101:334-346. [PMID: 31958051 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV; genus Orthotospovirus, family Tospoviridae) has a huge impact on a large range of plants worldwide. In this study, we determined the sequence of the large (L) RNA segment that encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) from a TSWV isolate (LYE51) collected in the south of France. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of TSWV-LYE51 with other TSWV isolates shows that it is closely related to other European isolates. A 3D model of TSWV-LYE51 RdRp was built by homology with the RdRp structure of the La Crosse virus (genus Orthobunyavirus, family Peribunyaviridae). Finally, an analysis of positive and negative selection was carried out on 30 TSWV full-length RNA L sequences and compared with the phylogeny and the protein structure data. We showed that the seven codons that are under positive selection are distributed all along the RdRp gene. By contrast, the codons associated with negative selection are especially concentrated in three highly constrained domains: the endonuclease in charge of the cap-snatching mechanism, the thumb domain and the mid domain. Those three domains could constitute good candidates to look for host targets on which genetic resistance by loss of susceptibility could be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Terret-Welter
- Syngeta Seeds SAS, 346 Route des Pasquiers - F84260 Sarrians, France
- GAFL, INRA, Montfavet, France
| | - Grégori Bonnet
- Syngeta Seeds SAS, 346 Route des Pasquiers - F84260 Sarrians, France
| | - Benoit Moury
- INRA, UR407 Pathologie Végétale, 84140, Montfavet, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The majority of plant-infecting viruses are transmitted by arthropod vectors that deliver them directly into a living plant cell. There are diverse mechanisms of transmission ranging from direct binding to the insect stylet (non-persistent transmission) to persistent-propagative transmission in which the virus replicates in the insect vector. Despite this diversity in interactions, most arthropods that serve as efficient vectors have feeding strategies that enable them to deliver the virus into the plant cell without extensive damage to the plant and thus effectively inoculate the plant. As such, the primary virus entry mechanism for plant viruses is mediated by the biological vector. Remarkably, viruses that are transmitted in a propagative manner (bunyaviruses, rhabdoviruses, and reoviruses) have developed an ability to replicate in hosts from two kingdoms. Viruses in the order Bunyavirales are of emerging importance and with the advent of new sequencing technologies, we are getting unprecedented glimpses into the diversity of these viruses. Plant-infecting bunyaviruses are transmitted in a persistent, propagative manner must enter two unique types of host cells, plant and insect. In the insect phase of the virus life cycle, the propagative viruses likely use typical cellular entry strategies to traverse cell membranes. In this review, we highlight the transmission and entry strategies of three genera of plant-infecting bunyaviruses: orthotospoviruses, tenuiviruses, and emaraviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Chen
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Moshe Dessau
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Dorith Rotenberg
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - David A Rasmussen
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Anna E Whitfield
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abadkhah M, Koolivand D, Eini O. A New Distinct Clade for Iranian Tomato spotted wilt virus Isolates Based on the Polymerase, Nucleocapsid, and Non-structural Genes. Plant Pathol J 2018; 34:514-531. [PMID: 30588225 PMCID: PMC6305171 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.04.2018.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV; Genus Orthotospovirus: Family Tospoviridae) is one of the most destructive viruses affecting a wide range of horticultural crops on a worldwide basis. In 2015 and 2016, 171 leaf and fruit samples from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants with viral symptoms were collected from the fields in various regions of Iran. ELISA test revealed that the samples were infected by TSWV. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expected DNA fragments of about 819 bp in length were amplified using a pair of universal primer corresponding to the RNA polymerase gene and DNA fragments of ca 777 bp and 724 bp in length were amplified using specific primers that have been designed based on the nucleocapsid (N) and non-structural (NSs) genes, respectively. The amplified fragments were cloned into pTG19-T and sequenced. Sequence comparisons with those available in the GenBank showed that the sequences belong to TSWV. The high nucleotide identity and similarities of new sequences based on the L, N, and NSs genes showed that minor evolutionary differences exist amongst the isolates. The phylogenetic tree grouped all isolates six clades based on N and NSs genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Iranian isolates were composed a new distinct clade based on a part of polymerase, N and NSs genes. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study on molecular characterization and genetic diversity of TSWV isolates from tomato in Iran that could be known as new clade of TSWV isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Abadkhah
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan,
Iran
| | - Davoud Koolivand
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan,
Iran
| | - Omid Eini
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan,
Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang C, Liu Y, Yu H, Yuan C, Zeng J, Zhao L, Tong Z, Tao X. Non-Structural Protein NSm of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Is an Avirulence Factor Recognized by Resistance Genes of Tobacco and Tomato via Different Elicitor Active Sites. Viruses 2018; 10:E660. [PMID: 30469406 PMCID: PMC6265799 DOI: 10.3390/v10110660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most destructive viral pathogens of plants. Recently, a single dominant gene conferring complete resistance to TSWV (RTSW) was identified in Nicotina alata and introgressed into cultivated tobacco (N. tabacum). However, whether the TSWV carries an avirulence (Avr) factor directed against RTSW remains obscure. In the present study, we identified the non-structural protein (NSm), the movement protein of TSWV, which is an RTSW-specific Avr factor, by using two different transient expression systems. Using amino acid (aa) substitution mutants, we demonstrated the ability to induce RTSW-mediated hypersensitive response (HR) of NSm is independent of its movement function. Moreover, key substitutions (C118Y and T120N), a 21-aa viral effector epitope, and different truncated versions of NSm, which are responsible for the recognition of the Sw-5b resistance gene of tomato, were tested for their ability to trigger HR to TSWV in tobacco. Together, our results demonstrated that RTSW-mediated resistance is triggered by NSm in the same way as by Sw-5b, however, via different elicitor active sites. Finally, an Avr gene-based diagnostic approach was established and used to determine the presence and effectiveness of resistance genes in tobacco.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Huang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650021, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650021, China.
| | - Haiqin Yu
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650021, China.
| | - Cheng Yuan
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650021, China.
| | - Jianmin Zeng
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650021, China.
| | - Lu Zhao
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650021, China.
| | - Zhijun Tong
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650021, China.
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Qian X, Xiang Q, Yang T, Ma H, Ding XS, Tao X. Molecular Co-Chaperone SGT1 Is Critical for Cell-to-Cell Movement and Systemic Infection of Tomato Spotted Wild Virus in Nicotiana benthamiana. Viruses 2018; 10:E647. [PMID: 30453630 PMCID: PMC6267219 DOI: 10.3390/v10110647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tospovirus is a tripartite negative stranded RNA virus and is considered as one of the most devastating plant viruses. Successful virus infection in plant requires many host factors. To date, very few host factors have been identified as important in Tospovirus infection in plants. We reported earlier that NSm protein encoded by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), a type species of the genus Orthotospovirus, plays critical roles in viral cell-to-cell and long-distance movement. In this study, we determined that molecular co-chaperone NbSGT1 interacted with TSWV NSm in Nicotianabenthamiana. TSWV infection significantly upregulated the expression of NbSGT1 gene and transient overexpression of NbSGT1 in N.benthamiana leaves accelerated TSWV infection. In contrast, silencing the NbSGT1 gene expression using a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach strongly inhibited TSWV NSm cell-to-cell movement, as well as TSWV local and systemic infection in N.benthamiana plants. Furthermore, NbSGT1 was found to regulate the infection of both American and Euro/Asia type tospoviruses in N.benthamiana plant. Collectively, our findings presented in this paper and the results published previously indicated that molecular co-chaperone NbSGT1 plays important roles in modulating both positive stranded and tripartite negative stranded RNA virus infection in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qian
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qing Xiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Tongqing Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xin Shun Ding
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Agarwal G, Clevenger J, Pandey MK, Wang H, Shasidhar Y, Chu Y, Fountain JC, Choudhary D, Culbreath AK, Liu X, Huang G, Wang X, Deshmukh R, Holbrook CC, Bertioli DJ, Ozias‐Akins P, Jackson SA, Varshney RK, Guo B. High-density genetic map using whole-genome resequencing for fine mapping and candidate gene discovery for disease resistance in peanut. Plant Biotechnol J 2018; 16:1954-1967. [PMID: 29637729 PMCID: PMC6181220 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Whole-genome resequencing (WGRS) of mapping populations has facilitated development of high-density genetic maps essential for fine mapping and candidate gene discovery for traits of interest in crop species. Leaf spots, including early leaf spot (ELS) and late leaf spot (LLS), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) are devastating diseases in peanut causing significant yield loss. We generated WGRS data on a recombinant inbred line population, developed a SNP-based high-density genetic map, and conducted fine mapping, candidate gene discovery and marker validation for ELS, LLS and TSWV. The first sequence-based high-density map was constructed with 8869 SNPs assigned to 20 linkage groups, representing 20 chromosomes, for the 'T' population (Tifrunner × GT-C20) with a map length of 3120 cM and an average distance of 1.45 cM. The quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis using high-density genetic map and multiple season phenotyping data identified 35 main-effect QTLs with phenotypic variation explained (PVE) from 6.32% to 47.63%. Among major-effect QTLs mapped, there were two QTLs for ELS on B05 with 47.42% PVE and B03 with 47.38% PVE, two QTLs for LLS on A05 with 47.63% and B03 with 34.03% PVE and one QTL for TSWV on B09 with 40.71% PVE. The epistasis and environment interaction analyses identified significant environmental effects on these traits. The identified QTL regions had disease resistance genes including R-genes and transcription factors. KASP markers were developed for major QTLs and validated in the population and are ready for further deployment in genomics-assisted breeding in peanut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Agarwal
- Crop Protection and Management Research UnitUSDA‐ARSTiftonGAUSA
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of GeorgiaTiftonGAUSA
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems BiologyInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Josh Clevenger
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesMars Wrigley ConfectioneryAthensGAUSA
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems BiologyInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Hui Wang
- Crop Protection and Management Research UnitUSDA‐ARSTiftonGAUSA
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of GeorgiaTiftonGAUSA
| | - Yaduru Shasidhar
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems BiologyInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Ye Chu
- Department of Horticulture and Institute of Plant Breeding & GenomicsUniversity of GeorgiaTiftonGAUSA
| | - Jake C. Fountain
- Crop Protection and Management Research UnitUSDA‐ARSTiftonGAUSA
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of GeorgiaTiftonGAUSA
| | - Divya Choudhary
- Crop Protection and Management Research UnitUSDA‐ARSTiftonGAUSA
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of GeorgiaTiftonGAUSA
| | | | | | | | - Xingjun Wang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesBiotechnology Research CenterJinanChina
| | | | | | - David J. Bertioli
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Peggy Ozias‐Akins
- Department of Horticulture and Institute of Plant Breeding & GenomicsUniversity of GeorgiaTiftonGAUSA
| | - Scott A. Jackson
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems BiologyInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Baozhu Guo
- Crop Protection and Management Research UnitUSDA‐ARSTiftonGAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Srinivasan R, Abney MR, Culbreath AK, Kemerait RC, Tubbs RS, Monfort WS, Pappu HR. Three decades of managing Tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut in southeastern United States. Virus Res 2017; 241:203-212. [PMID: 28549856 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Southeastern states namely Georgia, Florida, and Alabama produce two-thirds of the peanuts in the United States. Thrips-transmitted Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), which causes spotted wilt disease, has been a major impediment to peanut production for the past three decades. The cultivars grown in the 1980s were extremely susceptible to TSWV. Early yield losses extended to tens of millions of dollars each year (up to 100% loss in many fields). This situation led to the creation of an interdisciplinary team known as "SWAT: Spotted Wilt Action Team". Initial efforts focused on risk mitigation using a combination of chemical and cultural management practices along with a strong investment in breeding programs. Beginning in the mid 1990s, cultivars with field resistance were developed and integrated with cultural and chemical management options. A Risk Mitigation Index (Peanut Rx) was made available to growers to assess risks, and provide options for mitigating risks such as planting field resistant cultivars with in-furrow insecticides, planting after peak thrips incidence, planting in twin rows, and increasing seeding rates. These efforts helped curtail losses due to spotted wilt. The Peanut Rx continues to be refined every year based on new research findings. Breeding efforts, predominantly in Georgia and Florida, continue to develop cultivars with incremental field resistance. The present-day cultivars (third-generation TSWV-resistant cultivars released after 2010) possess substantially greater field resistance than second-generation (cultivars released from 2000 to 2010) and first-generation (cultivars released from 1994 to 2000) TSWV resistant cultivars. Despite increased field resistance, these cultivars are not immune to TSWV and succumb under high thrips and TSWV pressure. Therefore, field resistant cultivars cannot serve as a 'stand-alone' option and have to be integrated with other management options. The mechanism of resistance is also unknown in field resistant cultivars. Recent research in our laboratory evaluated field resistant cultivars against thrips and TSWV. Results revealed that some resistant cultivars suppressed thrips feeding and development, and they accumulated fewer viral copies than susceptible cultivars. Transcriptomes developed with the aid of Next Generation Sequencing revealed differential gene expression patterns following TSWV infection in susceptible than field resistant cultivars. Results revealed that the upregulation of transcripts pertaining to constitutive and induced plant defense proteins in TSWV resistant cultivars was more robust over susceptible cultivars. On the flipside, the long-term effects of using such resistant cultivars on TSWV were assessed by virus population genetics studies. Initial results suggest lack of positive selection pressure on TSWV, and that the sustainable use of resistant cultivars is not threatened. Follow up research is being conducted. Improvements in TSWV management have enhanced sustainability and contributed to increased yields from <2800kg/ha before 1995 to ∼5000kg/ha in 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Srinivasan
- University of Georgia, 2360 Rainwater Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - M R Abney
- University of Georgia, 2360 Rainwater Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USA
| | - A K Culbreath
- University of Georgia, 2360 Rainwater Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USA
| | - R C Kemerait
- University of Georgia, 2360 Rainwater Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USA
| | - R S Tubbs
- University of Georgia, 2360 Rainwater Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USA
| | - W S Monfort
- University of Georgia, 2360 Rainwater Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USA
| | - H R Pappu
- Washington State University, 345 Johnson hall, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ogada PA, Kiirika LM, Lorenz C, Senkler J, Braun HP, Poehling HM. Differential proteomics analysis of Frankliniella occidentalis immune response after infection with Tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus). Dev Comp Immunol 2017; 67:1-7. [PMID: 27810283 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is mainly vectored by Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande, and it potentially activates the vector's immune response. However, molecular background of the altered immune response is not clearly understood. Therefore, using a proteomic approach, we investigated the immune pathways that are activated in F. occidentalis larvae after 24 h exposure to TSWV. Two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-IEF/SDS/PAGE) combined with mass spectrometry (MS), were used to identify proteins that were differentially expressed upon viral infection. High numbers of proteins were abundantly expressed in F. occidentalis exposed to TSWV (73%) compared to the non-exposed (27%), with the majority functionally linked to the innate immune system such as: signaling, stress response, defense response, translation, cellular lipids and nucleotide metabolism. Key proteins included: 70 kDa heat shock proteins, Ubiquitin and Dermcidin, among others, indicative of a responsive pattern of the vector's innate immune system to viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamella Akoth Ogada
- Department of Phytomedicine, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Leonard Muriithi Kiirika
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christin Lorenz
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Otto-Hahn-Straße 6b, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Senkler
- Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans-Michael Poehling
- Department of Phytomedicine, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Marshall SH, Adegbola RO, Adkins S, Naidu RA. An efficient and high fidelity method for amplification, cloning and sequencing of complete tospovirus genomic RNA segments. J Virol Methods 2017; 242:22-26. [PMID: 28082165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tospoviruses (genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae) are responsible for major losses in an extensive range of crops worldwide. New species of these single-stranded, ambisense RNA viruses regularly emerge and have been shown to maintain heterogeneous populations with individual isolates having quite variable biological and virulence characteristics. Most tospovirus phylogenetic studies have focused on analysis of a single gene, most often the nucleocapsid protein gene. Complete genomic RNA segment amplification as a single fragment would facilitate more detailed analyses of genome-wide sequence variability, but obtaining such sequences for a large number of tospovirus isolates using traditional methods of amplification and cloning of small overlapping fragments is tedious, time consuming and expensive. In this study, protocols were optimized to amplify, clone and sequence full-length M- and S-RNA genome segments of Tomato spotted wilt virus and Impatiens necrotic spot virus. The strategy presented here is straightforward, scalable and offers several advantages over the previously commonplace and overlapping amplicon-based approach. Use of whole genome segments, instead of individual gene sequences or defined portions of genome segments, will facilitate a better understanding of the underlying molecular diversity of tospoviruses in mixed infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Spencer H Marshall
- Washington State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Irrigated Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Prosser, WA 99350, United States
| | - Raphael O Adegbola
- Washington State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Irrigated Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Prosser, WA 99350, United States
| | - Scott Adkins
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, United States
| | - Rayapati A Naidu
- Washington State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Irrigated Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Prosser, WA 99350, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ogada PA, Debener T, Poehling HM. Inheritance genetics of the trait vector competence in Frankliniella occidentalis (Western flower thrips) in the transmission of Tomato spotted wilt virus. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:7911-7920. [PMID: 30128139 PMCID: PMC6093171 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of tospovirus–vector–host plant interaction is linked to a range of factors influencing vector's efficacy in virus transmission, leading to high variability in the transmission efficiency within vector populations. Main shortcomings of most studies are the missing information on the intrinsic potential of individual insects to serve as efficient vectors, both at phenotypic and at genotypic levels. Moreover, detailed analysis of vector competence heredity and monitoring the splitting of both genotypes and phenotypes in filial generations has not been reported. In this study, using the model system Frankliniella occidentalis and Tomato spotted wilt virus, we evaluated the inheritance and stability of the trait vector competence in a population through basic crossings of individually characterized partners, as well as virgin reproduction. We hypothesized that the trait is heritable in F. occidentalis and is controlled by a recessive allele. From the results, 83% and 94% of competent and noncompetent males respectively, inherited their status from their mothers. The trait was only expressed when females were homozygous for the corresponding allele. Furthermore, the allele frequencies were different between males and females, and the competent allele had the highest frequency in the population. These suggest that the trait vector competence is inherited in single recessive gene in F. occidentalis, for which the phenotype is determined by the haplodiploid mechanism. These findings are fundamental for our understanding of the temporal and spatial variability within vector populations with respect to the trait vector competence and at the same time offer an essential basis for further molecular studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamella Akoth Ogada
- Department of Phytomedicine Institute of Horticultural Production Systems Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Debener
- Department of Molecular Plant Breeding Institute for Plant Genetics Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Hans-Michael Poehling
- Department of Phytomedicine Institute of Horticultural Production Systems Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tseng YC, Tillman BL, Peng Z, Wang J. Identification of major QTLs underlying tomato spotted wilt virus resistance in peanut cultivar Florida-EP(TM) '113'. BMC Genet 2016; 17:128. [PMID: 27600750 PMCID: PMC5012072 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-016-0435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spotted wilt caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the major peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diseases in the southeastern United States. Occurrence, severity, and symptoms of spotted wilt disease are highly variable from season to season, making it difficult to efficiently evaluate breeding populations for resistance. Molecular markers linked to spotted wilt resistance could overcome this problem and allow selection of resistant lines regardless of environmental conditions. Florida-EP(TM) '113' is a spotted wilt resistant cultivar with a significantly lower infection frequency. However, the genetic basis is still unknown. The objective of this study is to map the major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to spotted wilt resistance in Florida-EP(TM) '113'. RESULTS Among 2,431 SSR markers located across the whole peanut genome screened between the two parental lines, 329 were polymorphic. Those polymorphic markers were used to further genotype a representative set of individuals in a segregating population. Only polymorphic markers on chromosome A01 showed co-segregation between genotype and phenotype. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of the representative set of individuals in the segregating population also depicted a strong association between several SNPs on chromosome A01 and the trait, indicating a major QTL on chromosome A01. Therefore marker density was enriched on the A01 chromosome. A linkage map with 23 makers on chromosome A01 was constructed, showing collinearity with the physical map. Combined with phenotypic data, a major QTL flanked by marker AHGS4584 and GM672 was identified on chromosome A01, with up to 22.7 % PVE and 9.0 LOD value. CONCLUSION A major QTL controlling the spotted wilt resistance in Florida-EP(TM) '113' was identified. The resistance is most likely contributed by PI 576638, a hirsuta botanical-type line, introduced from Mexico with spotted wilt resistance. The flanking markers of this QTL can be used for further fine mapping and marker assisted selection in peanut breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chien Tseng
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Room 337 Cancer/Genetics Research Complex, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL 32446 USA
| | - Barry L. Tillman
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Room 337 Cancer/Genetics Research Complex, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Marianna, FL 32446 USA
| | - Ze Peng
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Room 337 Cancer/Genetics Research Complex, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
| | - Jianping Wang
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Room 337 Cancer/Genetics Research Complex, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
- Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
The genus Tospovirus is unique within the family Bunyaviridae in that it is made up of viruses that infect plants. Initially documented over 100 years ago, tospoviruses have become increasingly important worldwide since the 1980s due to the spread of the important insect vector Frankliniella occidentalis and the discovery of new viruses. As a result, tospoviruses are now recognized globally as emerging agricultural diseases. Tospoviruses and their vectors, thrips species in the order Thysanoptera, represent a major problem for agricultural and ornamental crops that must be managed to avoid devastating losses. In recent years, the number of recognized species in the genus has increased rapidly, and our knowledge of the molecular interactions of tospoviruses with their host plants and vectors has expanded. In this review, we present an overview of the genus Tospovirus with particular emphasis on new understandings of the molecular plant-virus and vector-virus interactions as well as relationships among genus members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J E Oliver
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506;
| | - A E Whitfield
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506;
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sakthivel S, Habeeb S. SeeHaBITaT: A server on bioinformatics applications for Tospoviruses and other species. Appl Transl Genom 2016; 9:30-2. [PMID: 27354938 PMCID: PMC4912379 DOI: 10.1016/j.atg.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plant viruses are important limiting factors in agricultural productivity. Tospovirus is one of the severe plant pathogens, causing damage to economically important food and ornamental crops worldwide through thrips as vectors. Database application resources exclusively on this virus would help to design better control measures, which aren't available. SeeHaBITaT is a unique and exclusive web based server providing work bench to perform computational research on tospoviruses and its species. SeeHaBITaT hosts Tospoviruses specific database Togribase, MOLBIT, SRMBIT and SS with PDB. These applications would be of immense help to the Tospovirus scientific community. The server could be accessed at http://bit.srmuniv.ac.in/.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ramesh SV, Pappu HR. Sequence characterization, molecular phylogeny reconstruction and recombination analysis of the large RNA of Tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus: Bunyaviridae) from the United States. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:200. [PMID: 27038777 PMCID: PMC4818514 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-1999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV; Tospovirus: Bunyaviridae) has been an economically important virus in the USA for over 30 years. However the complete sequence of only one TSWV isolate PA01 characterized from pepper in Pennsylvania is available. RESULTS The large (L) RNA of a TSWV WA-USA isolate was cloned and sequenced. It consisted of 8914 nucleotides (nt) encoding a single open reading frame of 8640 nts in the viral-complementary sense. The ORF potentially codes for RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of 330.9 kDa. Two untranslated regions of 241 and 33 nucleotides were present at the 5' and 3' termini, respectively that shared conserved tospoviral sequences. Phylogenetic analysis using nucleotide sequences of the complete L RNA showed that TSWV WA-USA isolate clustered with the American and Asian TSWV isolates which formed a distinct clade from Euro-Asiatic Tospoviruses. Phylogeny of the amino acid sequence of all tospoviral RdRps used in this study showed that all the known TSWV isolates including the USA isolate described in this study formed a distinct and a close cluster with that of Impateins necrotic spot virus. Multiple sequence alignment revealed conserved motifs in the RdRp of TSWV. Recombination analysis identified two recombinants including the TSWV WA-USA isolate. Among them, three recombination events were detected in the conserved motifs of the RdRp. CONCLUSIONS Sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis of the L RNA showed distinct clustering with selected TSWV isolates reported from elsewhere. Conserved motifs in the core polymerase region of the RdRp and recombination events were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunmugiah V. Ramesh
- />Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, 123 Vogel Plant BiologicalSciences, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
- />ICAR-Directorate of Soybean Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452 001 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Hanu R. Pappu
- />Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, 123 Vogel Plant BiologicalSciences, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Montero-Astúa M, Ullman DE, Whitfield AE. Salivary gland morphology, tissue tropism and the progression of tospovirus infection in Frankliniella occidentalis. Virology 2016; 493:39-51. [PMID: 26999025 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is transmitted by thrips in a propagative manner; however, progression of virus infection in the insect is not fully understood. The goal of this work was to study the morphology and infection of thrips salivary glands. The primary salivary glands (PSG) are complex, with three distinct regions that may have unique functions. Analysis of TSWV progression in thrips revealed the presence of viral proteins in the foregut, midgut, ligaments, tubular salivary glands (TSG), and efferent duct and filament structures connecting the TSG and PSG of first and second instar larvae. The primary site of virus infection shifted from the midgut and TSG in the larvae to the PSG in adults, suggesting that tissue tropism changes with insect development. TSG infection was detected in advance of PSG infection. These findings support the hypothesis that the TSG are involved in trafficking of TSWV to the PSG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Montero-Astúa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, United States
| | - Diane E Ullman
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-5270, United States
| | - Anna E Whitfield
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Trojak-Goluch A, Laskowska D, Kursa K. Morphological and chemical characteristics of doubled haploids of flue-cured tobacco combining resistance to Thielaviopsis basicola and TSWV. Breed Sci 2016; 66:293-299. [PMID: 27162500 PMCID: PMC4785006 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.66.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thielaviopsis basicola and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) are the most important problems in a moderate climate zone. Previously obtained doubled haploids (DH) of F1 hybrids of the flue-cured line WGL3 resistant to Th. basicola and the dark-cured line PW-834 carrying RTSW-al gene provided the research material. Biological tests and SCAR markers linked with TSWV were applied to confirm resistance of DH. Lines combining resistance to TSWV and Th. basicola were evaluated for morphological and chemical characteristics. Most of DH were significantly shorter than parents but two lines, 31/A/2 and 31/B/3, were close to the flue-cured WGL3. Usually DH possessed fewer leaves while one of them 31/B/3, exceeded parental forms. The doubled haploids flowered later than their parents. The most negative effect was reduced area of mid-position leaves of DH. It might be explained by a recombination during microsporogenesis in F1, however the influence of 'Polalta'-derived RTSW-al gene cannot be excluded. Extensive line to line variation for nicotine and sugars content was not associated with the genes for TSWV and Th. basicola resistance. Biological tests and field performance of DH revealed potential to overcome the negative effect of coupling between the RSTV-al gene and genes responsible for the morphological deformations.
Collapse
|
30
|
Mitter N, Zhai Y, Bai AX, Chua K, Eid S, Constantin M, Mitchell R, Pappu HR. Evaluation and identification of candidate genes for artificial microRNA-mediated resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus. Virus Res 2016; 211:151-8. [PMID: 26454192 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is an economically important viral pathogen of a wide range of field and horticultural crops. We developed an artificial microRNA (amiRNA) strategy against TSWV, targeting the nucleoprotein (N) and silencing suppressor (NSs) genes. The amiRNA constructs replaced the natural miRNA in a shortened Arabidopsis 173-nucleotide (nt) miR159a precursor backbone (athmiR159a) without the stem base extending beyond the miR/miR* duplex. Further, each amiRNA was modified to contain a mismatch (wobble) sequence at nucleotide position 12 and 13 on the complementary strand amiRNA*, mimicking the endogenous miR159a sequence structure. Transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana demonstrated that the introduction of a wobble sequence did not alter amiRNA expression levels. Following challenge inoculation with TSWV, plants expressing N-specific amiRNAs with or without the wobble remained asymptomatic and were negative for TSWV by ELISA. In contrast, plants expressing the NSs-specific amiRNAs were symptomatic and accumulated high levels of TSWV. Similar findings were obtained in stably transformed Nicotiana tabacum plants. Our results show that a shortened 173-nt athmiR159a backbone is sufficient to express amiRNAs and that the presence of mismatch at position 12-13 does not influence amiRNA expression or conferring of resistance. We also show that selection of target gene and positional effect are critical in amiRNA-based approach for introducing resistance. These findings open the possibility of employing the amiRNA approach for broad-spectrum resistance to tospoviruses as well as other viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neena Mitter
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ying Zhai
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Anh Xu Bai
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Keith Chua
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Sahar Eid
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Myrna Constantin
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Roger Mitchell
- Queensland Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, University of Queensland, Ritchie Building, Research Road, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Hanu R Pappu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Komoda K, Ishibashi K, Kawamura-Nagaya K, Ishikawa M. Possible involvement of eEF1A in Tomato spotted wilt virus RNA synthesis. Virology 2014; 468-470:81-87. [PMID: 25151062 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a negative-strand RNA virus in the family Bunyaviridae and propagates in both insects and plants. Although TSWV can infect a wide range of plant species, host factors involved in viral RNA synthesis of TSWV in plants have not been characterized. In this report, we demonstrate that the cell-free extract derived from one of the host plants can activate mRNA transcriptional activity of TSWV. Based on activity-guided fractionation of the cell-free extract, we identified eukaryotic elongation factor (eEF) 1A as a possible host factor facilitating TSWV transcription and replication. The RNA synthesis-supporting activity decreased in the presence of an eEF1A inhibitor, suggesting that eEF1A plays an important role in RNA synthesis of TSWV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Komoda
- Division of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Ishibashi
- Division of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazue Kawamura-Nagaya
- Division of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ishikawa
- Division of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Komoda K, Narita M, Tanaka I, Yao M. Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic study of the nucleocapsid protein of tomato spotted wilt virus. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2013; 69:700-3. [PMID: 23722858 PMCID: PMC3668599 DOI: 10.1107/s174430911301302x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), which causes severe damage to various agricultural crops such as tomato, pepper, lettuce and peanut, is a negative-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Tospovirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family. Viral genomic RNA molecules are packaged in the form of ribonucleoprotein complexes, each of which contains one viral RNA molecule that is coated with many nucleocapsid (N) proteins. Here, the expression and crystallization of TSWV N protein are reported. Native and selenomethionine-substituted crystals of N protein belonged to the same space group P2(1). Their unit-cell parameters were a = 66.8, b = 97.2, c = 72.0 Å, β = 112.8° and a = 66.5, b = 96.3, c = 72.1 Å, β = 113.4°, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Komoda
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masanori Narita
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Isao Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Min Yao
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Trojak-Goluch A, Laskowska D, Agacka M, Czarnecka D, Kawka M, Czubacka A. Effectiveness of combining resistance to Thielaviopsis basicola and Tomato spotted wilt virus in haploid tobacco genotypes. Breed Sci 2011; 61:389-93. [PMID: 23136476 PMCID: PMC3406771 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.61.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Black root rot (BRR) caused by Thielaviopsis basicola as well as Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) are the most serious problems in tobacco growing regions. We crossed the breeding line WGL 3 carrying BRR resistance derived from N.glauca with the line PW-834 the resistance of which to TSWV was transferred from cultivar Polalta. Anthers obtained from F(1) hybrid plants were cultured to induce haploids combining resistance to Th. basicola and TSWV. Flow cytometry analysis revealed 242 haploids and 2 spontaneous doubled haploids among regenerants. All haploids were cloned and then evaluated for BRR as well as TSWV resistance. The presence of pathogens was detected by microscopic evaluation of roots or using DAS-ELISA test. Microscopic assessment showed that, 132 haploids had no symptoms of Th. basicola which, together with the absence of symptoms in the F(1) hybrids, indicated a dominant monogenic mode of inheritance. At the same time only 30 haploids demonstrated resistance to TSWV. SCAR markers associated with TSWV resistance gene detection was applied. The results indicate that small proportion of TSWV-resistant haploids is probably due to the influence of deleterious genes flanking the resistance factor that reduced vitality of gametophytes. Altogether, 24 haploids showed multiple resistance to Th. basicola and TSWV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Trojak-Goluch
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, PL-24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Dorota Laskowska
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, PL-24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Monika Agacka
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, PL-24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Diana Czarnecka
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, PL-24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kawka
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, PL-24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Anna Czubacka
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, PL-24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang H, Singsit C, Wang A, Gonsalves D, Ozias-Akins P. Transgenic peanut plants containing a nucleocapsid protein gene of tomato spotted wilt virus show divergent levels of gene expression. Plant Cell Rep 1998; 17:693-699. [PMID: 30736528 DOI: 10.1007/s002990050467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The nucleocapsid protein (N) gene of the lettuce isolate of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was inserted into peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) via microprojectile bombardment. Constructs containing the hph gene for resistance to the antibiotic hygromycin and the TSWV N gene were used for bombardment of peanut somatic embryos. High frequencies of transformation and regeneration of plants containing the N gene were obtained. Southern blot analysis of independent transgenic lines revealed that one to several copies of the N gene were integrated into the peanut genome. Northern blot, RT-PCR and ELISA analyses indicated that a gene silencing mechanism may be operating in primary transgenic lines containing multiple copy insertions of the N transgene. One transgenic plant which contained a single copy of the transgene expressed the N protein in the primary transformant, and the progeny segregated in a 3 :1 ratio based upon ELISA determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Yang
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA 31793, USA Fax no.: +1-912-386-3356 E-mail: , , , , , , GE
| | - C Singsit
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA 31793, USA Fax no.: +1-912-386-3356 E-mail: , , , , , , GE
| | - A Wang
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA 31793, USA Fax no.: +1-912-386-3356 E-mail: , , , , , , GE
| | - D Gonsalves
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456, USA, , , , , , US
| | - P Ozias-Akins
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA 31793, USA Fax no.: +1-912-386-3356 E-mail: , , , , , , GE
| |
Collapse
|