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Bemmann M, Schulz-Kornas E, Hammel JU, Hipp A, Moosmann J, Herrel A, Rack A, Radespiel U, Zimmermann E, Kaiser TM, Kupczik K. Movement analysis of primate molar teeth under load using synchrotron X-ray microtomography. J Struct Biol 2020; 213:107658. [PMID: 33207268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2020.107658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian teeth have to sustain repetitive and high chewing loads without failure. Key to this capability is the periodontal ligament (PDL), a connective tissue containing a collagenous fibre network which connects the tooth roots to the alveolar bone socket and which allows the teeth to move when loaded. It has been suggested that rodent molars under load experience a screw-like downward motion but it remains unclear whether this movement also occurs in primates. Here we use synchroton micro-computed tomography paired with an axial loading setup to investigate the form-function relationship between tooth movement and the morphology of the PDL space in a non-human primate, the mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). The loading behavior of both mandibular and maxillary molars showed a three-dimensional movement with translational and rotational components, which pushes the tooth into the alveolar socket. Moreover, we found a non-uniform PDL thickness distribution and a gradual increase in volumetric proportion of the periodontal vasculature from cervical to apical. Our results suggest that the PDL morphology may optimize the three-dimensional tooth movement to avoid high stresses under loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Bemmann
- Max Planck Weizmann Center for Integrative Archaeology and Anthropology, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Cariology, Endodontics and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ellen Schulz-Kornas
- Max Planck Weizmann Center for Integrative Archaeology and Anthropology, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Cariology, Endodontics and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg U Hammel
- Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Alexander Hipp
- Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Julian Moosmann
- Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Anthony Herrel
- UMR 7179 C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N., Département Adaptations du Vivant, Bâtiment d'Anatomie Comparée, 55 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexander Rack
- ESRF The European Synchrotron, 71 Rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ute Radespiel
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Elke Zimmermann
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas M Kaiser
- Center of Natural History (CeNak), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kornelius Kupczik
- Max Planck Weizmann Center for Integrative Archaeology and Anthropology, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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