Auditory processing disorder evaluations and cognitive profiles of children with specific learning disorder.
Clin Neurophysiol Pract 2019;
4:119-127. [PMID:
31249906 PMCID:
PMC6584683 DOI:
10.1016/j.cnp.2019.05.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with altered auditory processing exhibit a specific cognitive profile.
Lower verbal and spatial reasoning performance are associated with altered auditory processing.
Children with specific learning disorder should undergo a complete multimodal examination.
Objective
This study investigated the auditory sensory-perceptual level of specific learning disorder (SLD) and explored relationships among neuropsychological assessments for SLD, auditory processing, and short and long latencies of auditory event-related potentials (ERPs).
Methods
Fifteen children (7–14 years old) comprised the control group; 34 children comprised the SLD group. Audiologic assessments included tone audiometry, acoustic immittance measurements, acoustic reflex, central auditory processing, brainstem evoked response audiometry, and long latency potentials (P3 and N2). Children’s intelligence levels were assessed with 2 intelligence batteries, 1 verbal and 1 non-verbal, as well as with visuomotor skills.
Results
Multiple regression showed a significant interaction effect of APE tests and P3/N2 over Wechsler Scale performance in freedom of distractibility indexes and multiple subtests. Errors in the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test were predicted by lower parental education, lower performance in APE tests: dichotic digits and pediatric/synthetic sentence identification-ipsilateral, and longer P3/N2 latencies, particularly regarding integration and rotation distortions.
Conclusions
Children with altered auditory processing exhibit a specific cognitive profile, including lower verbal and spatial reasoning performance, that is sensitive to parental education level.
Significance
Children with SLD should undergo a complete multimodal examination to identify their specific difficulties and needs.
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