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Zhao T, Xiang Q, Lie B, Chen D, Li M, Zhang X, Yang J, He B, Zhang W, Dong R, Liu Y, Gu J, Zhu Q, Yao Y, Duan T, Li Z, Xu Y. Yishen Huashi granule modulated lipid metabolism in diabetic nephropathy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14171. [PMID: 36938470 PMCID: PMC10018483 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Although etiology for DN is complex and still needs to be fully understood, lipid metabolism disorder is found to play a role in it. Previously, we found Yishen Huashi (YSHS) granule could inhibit diabetic damage and reduce level of microalbuminuria (mALB) in DN animals. To explore its role and mechanism in lipid metabolism under DN settings, this study was designed. Materials and methods DN rats were induced by streptozotocin (STZ), HepG2 and CaCO2 cells were applied for in vitro study. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were applied for histological observation; 16s Sequencing was used for intestinal microbiota composition analysis; western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence were carried out for molecular biological study, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for lipid determination. Results YSHS administration significantly reduced levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), while increased level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C); meanwhile, histological changes and steatosis of the liver was ameliorated, integrity of the intestinal barrier was enhanced, and dysbacteriosis within intestinal lumen was ameliorated. Mechanism study found that YSHS modulated mitophagy within hepatocytes and inhibited mTOR/AMPK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion In conclusion, we found in the present study that YSHS administration could ameliorate lipid metabolism disorder in DN animals, and its modulation on intestinal-liver axis played a significant role in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Beifeng Lie
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Deqi Chen
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Minyi Li
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Junzheng Yang
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bao He
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Ruixue Dong
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Yadi Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Junling Gu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Quan Zhu
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yijing Yao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Tingting Duan
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Zhenghai Li
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Dongpeng Road 71, Guangzhou, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai, PR China
- Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Hengqin, Zhuhai, PR China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China.
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